Long‐distance gene flow in Acacia senegal: Hope for disturbed and fragmented populations

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(7)

Published: July 1, 2023

Even though pollen and seed dispersals are some of the important factors that determine tree species survival across landscapes, gene dispersal data tropical dryland such as

Language: Английский

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High variability in the attractiveness of municipally-planted decorative plants to pollinators

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Insect populations are declining globally. A major driver of this decline is land use change, including urbanisation. However, urban environments can also offer a wide range floral resources to pollinators, through ornamental plantings, but these vary widely in their attractiveness insects. Often, the largest single planter plants an area municipality. Here we evaluated decorative plantings carried out by city municipality Regensburg, Germany, systematically surveying insect visitations on different plant types late summer, when forage often limited for pollinators. We found 130-fold increase from least most attractive plants, and high variation which groups were attracted plants. While honey bees, not conservation concern, common visitors, some very large proportion wild flies, wasps. Our results demonstrate that there great scope increasing supply pollinators general, specific particular, without requiring new be sourced or planted. argue providing local evidence-based guidance municipalities offers quick potentially cost-neutral method supporting populations.

Language: Английский

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Direct and indirect effects of land use on microbiomes of trap-nesting solitary bee larvae and nests

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

The global decline in biodiversity and insect populations highlights the urgent to conserve ecosystem functions, such as plant pollination by solitary bees. Human activities, particularly agricultural intensification, pose significant threats these essential services. Changes land use alter resource nest site availability, pesticide exposure other factors impacting richness, diversity, health of bee species. In this study, we investigated yet another facet currently less well context: Microbial communities associated with wild bees play crucial roles larval development, metabolism, ­immunity overall health. However, drivers dynamics healthy microbiome are still poorly understood, especially regarding direct indirect effects on diversity composition microbial communities. We examined bacterial offspring materials Megachilid trap-nesting bee, O. bicornis,along a gradient intensification 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. Given that landscape composition, climatic conditions, food resources known influence compositions species, hypothesized changes would available for material collection thereby affecting microbiomes their environments. anticipated reduced altered increased which is decrease number resources, including pool floral soil bacteria surrounding environment. As expected, observed shifts nests across varying degrees intensity, differing management types availability flowers. Shannon (larval pollen provision, enclosure) guts decreased increasing intensity. pupae remained unaffected, indicating reorganization during metamorphosis, not significantly influenced resources. Our findings provide new insights into shaping environmental transmission microbiomes. This understanding comprehending impacts intensive developing strategies mitigate effects.

Language: Английский

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High variability in the attractiveness of municipally-planted decorative plants to insects

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. e17762 - e17762

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Insect populations are declining globally. A major driver of this decline is land use change, including urbanisation. However, urban environments can also offer a wide range floral resources to pollinators, through ornamental plantings, but these vary widely in their attractiveness insects. Often, the largest single planter plants an area municipality. Here we evaluated decorative plantings carried out by city municipality Regensburg, Germany, systematically surveying insect visitations on different plant types late summer, when forage often limited for pollinators. We found 130-fold difference from least most attractive plants, and high variation which groups were attracted plants. While honey bees, not conservation concern, common visitors, some very large proportion wild flies, wasps. Our results demonstrate that there great scope increasing supply pollinators general, specific particular, without requiring new be sourced or planted. argue providing local evidence-based guidance municipalities offers quick potentially cost-neutral method supporting populations.

Language: Английский

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Floral resources, energetic value and pesticide residues in larval provisions collected by Osmia bicornis in oilseed rape dominated landscape

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Pollinators in agricultural landscapes are facing global decline and the main pressures include food scarcity pesticide usage. Although intensive poor habitats for wild pollinators, mass flowering crops may provide important resources, albeit monofloral short-term, which addition contain residues. We explored how landscape composition with a different proportion of oilseed rape (6%-65%) around Osmia bicornis nests affects floral diversity, contamination pesticides, energetic value provisions collected by bees as their offspring. The pollen from 28 taxa (6-15 per nest) were dominated Brassica napus (6.0-54.2%), Quercus (1.2-19.4%) Ranunculus (0.4-42.7%) found all 12 nests, but also Poaceae (1.2-59.9%, 11 nests) Acer (0.6-42%, 8 nests). Residues pesticides provisions, acetamiprid, azoxystrobine, boscalid, dimethoate being most frequently detected at concentrations up to 1.2, 198.4, 16.9 17.8 ng/g, respectively. Floral diversity not Pesticide Risk Index depended on structure. Moreover, decreased, increased diversity. Thus, even structurally simple diverse O. if nest is located close single resource-diverse patch. Both B. non-crop correlated concentrations.

Language: Английский

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