Multidimensional tolerance landscapes reveal antibiotic-environment interactions affecting population dynamics of wastewater bacteria

Water Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 282, P. 123720 - 123720

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Assessing the evidence for treating developmental plasticity and phenotypic flexibility as different phenomena

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 5, 2024

Abstract Phenotypic plasticity has long played a central role in eco‐evolutionary theory, but it was not until 20 years ago that proposed the term encompasses two distinct phenomena—developmental and phenotypic flexibility. While this terminology since been adopted by some, question of whether they are phenomena remains contentious both frequently lumped under umbrella ‘plasticity.’ Here, we treat dichotomy between developmental flexibility as hypothesis, put forth set predictions follow from review support for hypothesis literature. We predict that, if result separate phenomena, developmentally plastic phenotypically flexible traits should differ in: (1) environmental context which evolve, (2) their mechanisms regulation, (3) costs production, (4) how selection acts on them (5) influence population's evolutionary trajectory. In general, most evidence supports treating much to be learned, few studies have specifically investigated potential differences. particular, explorations well trait production reversal needed. Given hypothesized link plasticity, resiliency face rapid change, is an urgent topic will further our understanding evolution across contexts. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Phenotypic plasticity and the effects of thermal fluctuations on specialists and generalists

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2025)

Published: June 1, 2024

Classical theories predict that relatively constant environments should generally favour specialists, while fluctuating be selected for generalists. However, theoretical and empirical results have pointed out generalist organisms might, on the contrary, perform poorly under fluctuations. In particular, if generalism is underlaid by phenotypic plasticity, performance of generalists modulated temporal characteristics environmental Here, we used experiments in microcosms Tetrahymena thermophila ciliates a mathematical model to test whether period or autocorrelation thermal fluctuations mediate links between level experiment, consistently impeded compared with conditions. intensity this effect depended generalism: more specialist strains performed better fast negatively autocorrelated fluctuations, plastic slow positively Our suggests these effects organisms’ may result from time delay expression restricting its benefits enough This study points need further investigate dynamics plasticity fitness consequences

Language: Английский

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The experimental implications of the rate of temperature change and timing of nutrient availability on growth and stoichiometry of a natural marine phytoplankton community

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(8), P. 1769 - 1781

Published: July 8, 2024

Abstract Climate change increases the need to understand effect of predicted future temperature and nutrient scenarios on marine phytoplankton. However, experimental studies addressing effects both drivers use a variety design approaches regarding their rate supply regimes. This study combines systematic literature map identify existing bias in evaluating phytoplankton response change, with laboratory experiment. The experiment was designed quantify how different levels (6°C, 12°C, 18°C), regimes (abrupt vs. gradual increase), timings addition (before or after change) (limiting balanced) alter growth stoichiometry natural community. revealed three key biases global experiments: (1) 66% do not explicitly describe regime, (2) 84% applied an abrupt exposure, (3) only 15% experimentally manipulated regime. Our demonstrated that identified toward exposure induced short‐term overshoot compared gradually increasing temperatures. Additionally, timing availability strongly modulated direction strength enhancement along balanced N : P ratios. stresses ratio should be considered planning produce ecologically relevant results as setups lead contrasting directions outcome.

Language: Английский

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Food quality shapes gradual phenotypic plasticity in ectotherms facing temperature variability

Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(4)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Abstract Organisms exhibit reversible physiological adjustments as a response to rapidly changing environments. Yet such plasticity of the phenotype is gradual and may lag behind environmental fluctuations, thereby affecting long‐term average performance organisms. By supplying energy essential compounds for optimal tissue building, food determines range possible phenotypic changes potentially rate at which they occur. Here, we assess how differences in dietary supply lipids modulate an ectotherm facing thermal fluctuations. We use three phytoplankton strains create gradient polyunsaturated fatty acid sterol Daphnia magna under constant fluctuating temperatures. used different fluctuation periodicities unravel temporal dynamics its consequences D. measured juvenile somatic growth rate. In agreement with theory, show that , periodicity differential between observed rates those expected from conditions. Most importantly, diet modulates both size direction differential. Overall, demonstrate nutritional context predicting consumers'

Language: Английский

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Phytoplankton competition and resilience under fluctuating temperature

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3)

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract Environmental variability is an inherent feature of natural systems which complicates predictions species interactions. Primarily, the complexity in predicting response organisms to environmental fluctuations part because species' responses abiotic factors are non‐linear, even stable conditions. Temperature exerts a major control over phytoplankton growth and physiology, yet influence thermal on competition dynamics largely unknown. To investigate limits coexistence variable environments, mixed cultures with constant abundance ratios marine diatoms, Phaeodactylum tricornutum Thalassiosira pseudonana, were exposed different temperature fluctuation regimes ( n = 17) under high low nitrogen (N) Here we demonstrate that exhibit substantial resilience variability. The time required observe shift ratio decreased increasing fluctuations, but two model N conditions was disrupted only when amplitudes (±8.2°C). limitation caused amplitude for disruption become lower (±5.9°C). Furthermore, once reinstated, differed their ability recover from fluctuations. Our findings suggest despite expectation unequal effect competitors, cycles may reduce rate replacement remain below certain threshold. Beyond these thresholds, competitive exclusion could, however, be accelerated, suggesting aquatic heatwaves availability status likely lead abrupt unpredictable restructuring community composition.

Language: Английский

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Interactive effects of temperature and bisphenol A on phytoplankton growth and community structure

Conservation Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract Environmental contamination of bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread and multifaceted issue with vast ecological, social economic consequences. Thus, understanding how local environmental conditions, such as temperature, interact BPA to affect populations community dynamics remain important areas research. Here, we conduct laboratory experiments aimed at gradients both temperature concentration influence freshwater phytoplankton population growth structure. We exposed assemblages comprised three common species green algae (Chlorella vulgaris, Ankistrodesmus braunii Scenedesmus quadricauda) well isolates each individual concentrations (0, 2, 13 mg/L BPA) temperatures (18, 23, 27°C) monitoring structure (via biovolume). observed antagonistic interactions between warmer temperatures, that when decreased (observed A. braunii), high elevated these warm temperatures; however, increased (C. S. quadricauda), diminished gains. Although exposure inhibited the most C. vulgaris populations, was not reduced in or quadricauda 2 BPA. Phytoplankton assemblage evenness (Pielou index) consistently lowest under 27°C. Community composition similar cultured 0 18 23°C but These results indicate can mediate consequences for rates diminish potential gains rate warm-adapted temperatures.

Language: Английский

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Site-specific factors override local climatic conditions in determining microalgae productivity in open raceway ponds

Algal Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 103235 - 103235

Published: July 1, 2023

The response of microalgae to environmental variation affects commercial scale production algal feedstocks. Regionally-resolved predictive models biomass productivity use climatic factors such as temperature and light estimate growth identify the best locations for sites. However, predictions have rarely been validated at continental scales due lack continuous robust datasets originating from multiple simultaneously. We established maintained cultures Nannochloropsis sp. in open raceway ponds 150 260 L >17 months three locations: Kailua-Kona, HI; Las Cruces, NM; San Diego, CA. compared predicted productivities, based on local weather conditions, with experimental field data. found considerable deviations between observed productivities across within Although remains a pertinent driver productivity, site-specific factors, pest pressures, chemical/biological contaminants, differences surrounding environment heavily influence productivities. Identifying quantifying these is key formulating more accurate assess potential favorable sites establishing facilities.

Language: Английский

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Experimental evolution of environmental tolerance, acclimation, and physiological plasticity in a randomly fluctuating environment

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 522 - 536

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Environmental tolerance curves, representing absolute fitness against the environment, are an empirical assessment of fundamental niche, and emerge from phenotypic plasticity underlying traits. Dynamic plastic responses these traits can lead to acclimation effects, whereby recent past environments impact current fitness. Theory predicts that higher levels should evolve in fluctuate more predictably, but there have been few experimental tests predictions. Specifically, we still lack evidence for evolution effects response environmental predictability. Here, exposed 25 genetically diverse populations halotolerant microalgae Dunaliella salina different constant salinities, or randomly fluctuating over 200 generations. The treatments differed their autocorrelation, which determines similarity subsequent values, thus We then measured acclimated surfaces, mapping population growth rate (acclimation) (assay) environments. found mean variance salinity caused niche position (optimal salinity) breadth, with respect not only also salinity. detected weak significant evolutionary changes predictability, predictability leading notably lower optimal salinities stronger effect environment on further showed related intracellular glycerol, major osmoregulatory mechanism this species. However, direction did match simple theoretical Our results underline need a explicit consideration dynamics its reach better understanding ecology

Language: Английский

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Photoperiod influences the shape and scaling of freshwater phytoplankton responses to light and temperature

Oikos, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022(6)

Published: April 5, 2022

Light fluctuations are ubiquitous, exist across multiple spatial and temporal scales, directly affect the physiology ecology of photoautotrophs. However, indirect effects light on sensitivity organisms to other key environmental factors unclear. Here, we evaluate how photoperiod regime (period time each day where receive light), a dynamic element aquatic ecosystems, can influence interactive temperature irradiance (intensity light) growth rate phytoplankton populations. We first completed literature review meta‐analysis that suggests alters individual – but not algal rates highlights few studies experimentally manipulate photoperiod, irradiance. To address this empirical gap, conducted set laboratory experiments three freshwater species ( Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , Chlorella vulgaris Cryptomonas ovata ). measured performance surfaces relating gradients for in constant (24:0 h light:dark) environments. then evaluated whether analogous under different photoperiods (6:18, 12:12 16:8 scaled by duration availability could be inferred from results light. For majority combinations examined, meaningfully altered intercept shape surfaces. These differences were most pronounced shortest (6:18 light:dark), populations underperformed expectations. Alterations non‐linear mostly structured with higher temperatures yielding than anticipated rates. Collectively, these synthesis reveal potential temperature, their interaction growth. Beyond variables presently considered, research capacity dynamic, abiotic exert direct while also influencing relationships among factors.

Language: Английский

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