The primacy of density‐mediated indirect effects in a community of wolves, elk, and aspen DOI Creative Commons
Elaine M. Brice,

Eric J. Larsen,

Daniel R. Stahler

et al.

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract The removal or addition of a predator in an ecosystem can trigger trophic cascade, whereby the indirectly influences plants and/or abiotic processes via direct effects on its herbivore prey. A cascade operate through density‐mediated indirect effect (DMIE), where reduces density predation, trait‐mediated (TMIE), induces trait response that modifies herbivore's plants. Manipulative experiments suggest TMIEs are equivalent more important driver cascades than DMIEs. Whether this applies generally nature is uncertain because few studies have directly compared magnitudes and DMIEs natural unmanipulated field patterns. TMIE often invoked to explain textbook involving wolves ( Canis lupus ), elk Cervus canadensis aspen Populus tremuloides ) northern Yellowstone National Park. This hypothesis posits increase recruitment young into overstory primarily reduced browsing spatial variation wolf predation risk rather population density. To test hypothesis, we spatiotemporal temporal patterns across 113 stands over 21‐year period (1999–2019) Only 2 10 indices had statistically meaningful aspen, these were 8–28 times weaker extent was attributable our results wolf–elk–aspen trait‐mediated. aligns with alternative other actively hunting predators broad habitat domains cause dominate whenever prey, such as elk, also domain. For at least type predator–prey community, study suggests risk‐induced responses be abstracted ignored while still achieving accurate understanding cascades.

Language: Английский

Prediction of Climate Change Impacts on the Distribution of an Umbrella Species in Western Sichuan Province, China: Insights from the MaxEnt Model and Circuit Theory DOI Creative Commons

Xiaoyun Deng,

Qiaoyun Sun

Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 67 - 67

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Climate change poses a significant threat to biodiversity. Predicting the impacts of climate on species distribution and dispersal through computational models big data analysis can provide valuable insights. These predictions are crucial for developing effective strategies mitigate threats that Our study investigated potential impact an umbrella (Ursus arctos pruinosus) in Western Sichuan Province, China. We employed MaxEnt Circuit Theory assess both current future shifts migration corridors. The results indicated environmental factors had greatest influence distribution, with bioclimatic variables bio12, bio3, elevation contributing 22.1%, 21.5%, 19.3%, respectively. Under climatic conditions, total suitable habitat area was 70,969.78 km2, largest habitats located Shiqu Litang, accounting 24.39% 15.86% area, However, under scenarios, RCP 2.6, 4.5, 8.5 showed reduction ranging from 7789.26 km2 16,678.85 km2. Yajiang Xinlong counties experienced most severe reductions, declines exceeding 50%. Additionally, altitudinal shifted, gradually moving higher elevations scenarios. also analyzed species’ paths. paths predominantly followed northwest-to-southeast orientation. by 2070s, all three RCPs, resistance is projected significantly increase, density will decrease, connectivity these be reduced. In extreme scenario, southern nearly disappeared, contracted towards northwest. findings highlight posed corridors, emphasizing importance considering conservation protect this vulnerable its ecosystem.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The primacy of density‐mediated indirect effects in a community of wolves, elk, and aspen DOI Creative Commons
Elaine M. Brice,

Eric J. Larsen,

Daniel R. Stahler

et al.

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract The removal or addition of a predator in an ecosystem can trigger trophic cascade, whereby the indirectly influences plants and/or abiotic processes via direct effects on its herbivore prey. A cascade operate through density‐mediated indirect effect (DMIE), where reduces density predation, trait‐mediated (TMIE), induces trait response that modifies herbivore's plants. Manipulative experiments suggest TMIEs are equivalent more important driver cascades than DMIEs. Whether this applies generally nature is uncertain because few studies have directly compared magnitudes and DMIEs natural unmanipulated field patterns. TMIE often invoked to explain textbook involving wolves ( Canis lupus ), elk Cervus canadensis aspen Populus tremuloides ) northern Yellowstone National Park. This hypothesis posits increase recruitment young into overstory primarily reduced browsing spatial variation wolf predation risk rather population density. To test hypothesis, we spatiotemporal temporal patterns across 113 stands over 21‐year period (1999–2019) Only 2 10 indices had statistically meaningful aspen, these were 8–28 times weaker extent was attributable our results wolf–elk–aspen trait‐mediated. aligns with alternative other actively hunting predators broad habitat domains cause dominate whenever prey, such as elk, also domain. For at least type predator–prey community, study suggests risk‐induced responses be abstracted ignored while still achieving accurate understanding cascades.

Language: Английский

Citations

2