Emergent coral reef patterning via spatial self-organization DOI Creative Commons
Haiwei Xi, Xiaoli Dong, Ved Chirayath

et al.

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 273 - 289

Published: Dec. 7, 2024

Regularly patterned reef ridges develop in the lagoons of at least one-third Earth's coral reefs. The interactions between corals and their environment, occurring scales from millimeters to meters, can lead self-organized spatial patterns spanning hundreds meters kilometers. To understand mechanism behind pattern formation, we first characterize these using satellite imagery 63 sites across Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Oceans. Next, a generalized Turing morphogenesis model. Corroborated by observed patterns, results our numerical model suggest that through four-phase trajectory, dictated changes lagoon's hydrodynamic regime. Initially, after an atoll lagoon forms, colonizing reefs establish as isolated pinnacles. These pinnacles then evolve into low-relief eventually form semi-enclosed inter-ridge ponds. In terminal phase, dense interconnected, branching, rejoining ("anastomosing") network, fully enclosing Once enclosed, wind- tide-induced currents are significantly reduced. Since rely on flow for feeding shedding metabolites, ridge development stalls, stabilizes. By combining empirical observations around world with theoretical model, study reveals formation. Such mechanistic understanding enables use emergent identify stress colony scale.

Language: Английский

Resemblance of the global depth distribution of internal-tide generation and cold-water coral occurrences DOI Creative Commons
Anna‐Selma van der Kaaden, Dick van Oevelen, Christian Mohn

et al.

Ocean science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 569 - 587

Published: April 15, 2024

Abstract. Internal tides are known to be an important source of mixing in the oceans, especially bottom boundary layer. The depth internal-tide generation therefore seems for benthic life and formation cold-water coral mounds, but conversion is generally investigated a depth-integrated sense. Using both idealized realistic simulations on continental slopes, we found that increases with increasing slope steepness decreases intensified shallow stratification. also shows typical latitudinal dependency related Coriolis effects. global database corals, that, Northern Hemisphere autumn winter, pattern correlates (rautumn = 0.70, rwinter 0.65, p < 0.01) corals: shallowest near poles deepest around Equator, decrease 25° S N, shallower north Equator than south. We further corals situated significantly more often topography steeper beam (i.e. where supercritical reflection internal occurs) would expected from random distribution: our study, 66.9 % all cases, occurred M2 tide whereas globally only 9.4 supercritical. Our findings underline occurrence as growth. energetic dynamics associated likely increase food supply towards reefs food-limited winter months. With climate change, stratification increase. Based results, this generation, possibly creating new suitable habitat slopes.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Habitat suitability models reveal extensive distribution of deep warm-water coral frameworks in the Red Sea DOI Creative Commons
Megan K. B. Nolan, Fabio Marchese, Sam J. Purkis

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Nov. 16, 2024

Abstract Deep-sea coral frameworks are understudied in the Red Sea, where conditions deep conspicuously warm and saline compared to other basins. Habitat suitability models can be used predict distribution pattern of species or assemblages direct observation is difficult. Here we show how frameworks, built by within families Caryophylliidae Dendrophylliidae, distributed between water depths 150 m 700 northern Sea Gulf Aqaba. To extrapolate known (ground-truthed) positions these use environmental geomorphometric variables inform well-performing maximum entropy models. Over 250 km 2 seafloor our study area identified as suitable for such equivalent at least 35% photic-zone reefs same region. We hence contend that deep-water an important underappreciated repository biodiversity.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Building your own mountain: the effects, limits, and drawbacks of cold-water coral ecosystem engineering DOI Creative Commons
Anna‐Selma van der Kaaden, Sandra R. Maier,

Siluo Chen

et al.

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 973 - 992

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Abstract. Framework-forming cold-water corals (CWCs) are ecosystem engineers that build mounds in the deep sea can be up to several hundred metres high. The effect of presence coral on their surroundings is typically difficult separate from environmental factors not affected by mounds. We investigated control and importance engineering for reefs using annotated video transect data, spatial variables (MEMs), hydrodynamic model outputs a redundancy analysis with variance partitioning. Using available simulations where were artificially removed, we mound configuration reef habitat discriminated which find downward velocities winter, related non-engineered factors, e.g. winter mixing dense-water cascading, cause substantial differences cover at broadest scale (20–30 km). Such processes stimulate food supply towards seem more important than or similar summer. While ecosystem-engineering frequently discussed, our results also highlight processes. further that, due interaction between water flow, different zones found likely determine typical benthic zonations rubble foot, dead framework flanks, living near summit. Moreover, suggest so-called Massenerhebung (well known terrestrial mountains) exists, meaning zonation depends location rather height above seafloor depth. Our finding determines habitats implies cannot grow deeper depths avoid adverse effects climate change.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Emergent coral reef patterning via spatial self-organization DOI Creative Commons
Haiwei Xi, Xiaoli Dong, Ved Chirayath

et al.

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 273 - 289

Published: Dec. 7, 2024

Regularly patterned reef ridges develop in the lagoons of at least one-third Earth's coral reefs. The interactions between corals and their environment, occurring scales from millimeters to meters, can lead self-organized spatial patterns spanning hundreds meters kilometers. To understand mechanism behind pattern formation, we first characterize these using satellite imagery 63 sites across Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Oceans. Next, a generalized Turing morphogenesis model. Corroborated by observed patterns, results our numerical model suggest that through four-phase trajectory, dictated changes lagoon's hydrodynamic regime. Initially, after an atoll lagoon forms, colonizing reefs establish as isolated pinnacles. These pinnacles then evolve into low-relief eventually form semi-enclosed inter-ridge ponds. In terminal phase, dense interconnected, branching, rejoining ("anastomosing") network, fully enclosing Once enclosed, wind- tide-induced currents are significantly reduced. Since rely on flow for feeding shedding metabolites, ridge development stalls, stabilizes. By combining empirical observations around world with theoretical model, study reveals formation. Such mechanistic understanding enables use emergent identify stress colony scale.

Language: Английский

Citations

1