Mutualistic and antagonistic phyllosphere fungi contribute to plant recruitment in natural communities
Journal of Ecology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 22, 2024
Abstract
Phyllosphere
fungal
communities
participate
in
multiple
ecological
functions
(litter
decomposition,
disease‐causing,
plant
defence).
However,
there
is
a
lack
of
knowledge
on
whether
and
how
these
contribute
to
community
dynamics
under
natural
conditions.
One
the
aspects
which
fungi
can
most
clearly
affect
recruitment,
since
success
newly
germinated
plants
be
seriously
compromised
by
pathogenic
activity
or
absence
mutualistic
interactions.
To
determine
relationship
between
phyllosphere
we
combined
published
information
frequency
plant–plant
recruitment
interactions
38
woody
species
from
two
mixed
forests
southern
Spain.
Our
results
indicate
that
pathogens
saprotrophs
have
negative
effect
canopy–recruit
interactions,
while
epiphytic
positive
effect.
Additionally,
presence
canopy
hosting
high
richness
epiphytes
counting
with
diversity
saprotrophic
favours
formation
an
abundant
sapling
bank.
Synthesis
.
suggest
play
relevant
role
assembly
bank
forest
communities,
thus,
potentially
influencing
dynamics.
Beyond
well‐known
our
show
dual
as
antagonistic,
decreasing
certain
species,
mutualistic,
enhancing
Language: Английский
Deciphering the drivers of plant-soil feedbacks and their context-dependence: A meta-analysis
Plant and Soil,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 31, 2024
Language: Английский
Increasing Phylogenetic Clustering of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in Roots Explains Enhanced Plant Growth and Phosphorus Uptake
Microbial Ecology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
87(1)
Published: Nov. 14, 2024
Abstract
Temporal
variation
during
the
assembly
of
arbuscular
mycorrhizal
(AM)
fungal
communities
within
plant
roots
have
been
posited
as
critical
drivers
plant-fungal
symbiotic
outcomes.
However,
functional
implications
these
dynamics
for
host
remain
poorly
understood.
We
conducted
a
controlled
pot
experiment
with
Sorghum
bicolor
to
investigate
how
temporal
shifts
in
AM
community
composition
and
phylogenetic
diversity
influence
growth
phosphorus
responses
symbiosis.
characterised
root-colonising
across
three
time
points
explored
their
processes
by
analysing
employing
joint
species
distribution
modelling
Hierarchical
Modelling
Species
Communities
(HMSC)
framework.
found
strong
turnover
through
high
signal,
indicating
recruitment
phylogenetically
clustered
host.
This
clustering
coincided
marked
increases
biomass
symbiosis,
suggesting
that
selection
specific
fungi
may
be
key
determinant
benefits.
Language: Английский
Oomycete communities in lowland tropical forest soils vary in species abundance and comprise saprophytes and pathogens of seeds and seedlings of multiple plant species
American Journal of Botany,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 13, 2024
The
soils
in
lowland
tropics
are
teeming
with
microbial
life,
which
can
impact
plant
community
structure
and
diversity
through
plant-soil
feedbacks.
While
bacteria
fungi
have
been
the
focus
of
most
studies
tropics,
oomycetes
may
an
outsized
effect
on
seed
seedling
health
survival,
given
their
affinity
for
moister,
warmer
environments.
Language: Английский
Oomycete communities in lowland tropical forest soils vary in abundance and are composed of saprophytes and pathogens of seeds and seedlings of multiple plant species.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 26, 2024
Premise:
The
soils
in
lowland
tropics
are
teeming
with
microbial
life
which
can
impact
plant
community
structure
and
diversity
through
plant-soil
feedbacks.
While
bacteria
fungi
have
been
the
focus
of
most
studies
tropics,
oomycetes
may
an
outsized
effect
on
seed
seedling
health
survival,
given
their
affinity
for
environments
increased
precipitation
temperature.
Methods:
We
assessed
pathogenicity
oomycete
species
present
a
tropical
forest
Panama.
used
both
culture
dependent
leaf-baiting
assay
independent
soil
DNA
metabarcoding
methods
to
quantify
zoospore
abundance
diversity.
A
subset
isolates
from
baiting
were
evaluate
aggressiveness
seedlings
three
tree
species.
Key
results:
Oomycetes
ubiquitous
common
members
forests
was
far
greater
compared
similar
temperate
mediterranean
forests.
also
observed
variation
ability
infect
host
plants.
Species
Pythium
more
aggressive,
while
Phytopythium
caused
less
disease
but
diverse
commonly
isolated
soil.
Finally,
we
found
that
individual
hosts
accumulate
distinct
only
factor
had
structure.
Conclusions:
Collectively,
these
finding
demonstrate
ubiquitous,
host-generalist
pathogens
saprophytes,
potential
survival
Language: Английский
Specificity determinants of pathogens in forest
Journal of Ecology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 22, 2024
Abstract
Host‐specific
pathogens
have
long
been
suggested
to
act
as
a
major
driver
of
species
diversity
in
tropical
forests.
However,
determining
the
degree
host
specificity
potential
coupled
key
cellular
characteristics
infection
is
difficult
and
time‐consuming.
These
challenges
delayed
progress
relating
functional
pathogenic
fungi
ecological
consequences.
We
tested
pathogenicity
27
(of
215)
that
were
isolated
from
surface
sterilized
roots
seedlings
four
common
tree
diverse
subtropical
forest.
Inoculation
experiments
showed
six
exhibited
strong
on
seedlings.
Five
these
only
infected
their
specific
hosts
(i.e.
host‐specific
pathogen
species).
Green
fluorescent
protein
labelling
revealed
three
fungal
hyphae
able
grow
into
vascular
tissues
plant,
contrast
other
fungal‐host
combinations
exhibit
non‐pathogenic
interactions.
This
technique
allows
direct
tracking
different
tissues.
Synthesis
.
By
coupling
green
with
standard
inoculation
experiments,
we
determined
developmental
differences
between
infections
by
relatively
simple
straightforward
way.
Our
work
provides
useful
tool
for
rapidly
screening
categorizing
host–fungal
interactions,
reflecting
basis
fungi.
More
broadly,
this
can
contribute
understanding
roles
coexistence
biodiversity
maintenance
forest
communities.
Language: Английский