A survey of SARS-CoV-2 tropism

Infectious Diseases & Immunity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 19, 2025

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has significantly burdened global public health. However, the tropism of SARS-CoV-2 within human body remains not fully understood. In this review, we overview literature on infection across various organs and tissues. We summarize relevant specimen types, techniques for examining tropism, findings at both organ/tissue cellular levels. To systematically evaluate evidence supporting tissue establish a hierarchical classification system based two key criteria: (1) origin (2) detection methodology. Clinical specimens obtained directly from COVID-19 patients provide most definitive evidence, whereas organoid-derived animal models indicate potential infectivity under artificial conditions. terms methods, prioritize viral particle identification over protein or RNA detection, as latter requires further confirmation to productive infection. Our that potentially targets multiple organ systems, including tract, lungs, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, pancreas, small intestine, liver, salivary glands. By contrast, central nervous reproductive uncertain validation. At level, identify specific target cell types vulnerable infection, ciliated epithelial cells, alveolar type II pneumocytes, enterocytes, cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial renal tubular pancreatic acinar cells. Furthermore, analyze correlation between angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor distribution patterns well variations in specificity among different variants. expect review comprehensive landscape enhance our understanding life cycle consequences body.

Language: Английский

Understanding the etiology of mental health problems in post-rehabilitation COVID-19 patients: Insights and strategies for effective intervention

World Journal of Clinical Cases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(23), P. 5308 - 5312

Published: July 5, 2024

In this editorial, we comment on an article by Alhammad

Language: Английский

The predicting value of circular DNA particles of T- and B-cell receptors for the dismal acute period outcomes and the disease severity of COVID-19 infection

Cytokines and inflammation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 5 - 12

Published: Dec. 15, 2023

The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, continues to be a serious problem for entire global community. Currently, most patients experience mild with only about 20% those infected requiring hospitalization. severe course COVID-19 is often associated damage patient’s bronchopulmonary system virus and abnormalities, including air-hematological barrier, systemic inflammation, dysfunction immune addition secondary infections. Severe disease poor outcome in hospitalized may lymphopenia combination neutrophilia. Restoring number lymphocytes important improve prognosis outcome. Patients an imbalance where inflammation circulating T B cells lead more disease. TREC/KREC analysis can characterize function central organs its relationship clinical laboratory data. Decreased levels were observed unfavorable outcomes compared favorable outcomes. Additionally, higher neutrophil lymphocyte ratio was found. Levels TREC KREC blood negatively correlate neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. Thus, assay potential prognostic marker assessing severity COVID-19.

Language: Английский