Sex-specific morphs: the genetics and evolution of intra-sexual variation

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 44 - 52

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Sex roles in birds: Phylogenetic analyses of the influence of climate, life histories and social environment

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 647 - 660

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Sex roles describe sex differences in courtship, mate competition, social pair-bonds and parental care. A key challenge is to identify associations among the components drivers of roles. Here, we investigate using data from over 1800 bird species. We found extensive variation lability proxies roles, indicating remarkably independent evolution role components. Climate life history showed weak with However, adult ratio associated sexual dimorphism, mating system care, suggesting that environment central explaining birds. Our results suggest reproductive behaviour are result diverse idiosyncratic responses selection. Further understanding requires studies at population level test how local ecology, histories opportunities drive processes shape higher taxa.

Language: Английский

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Social organization in ungulates: Revisiting Jarman’s hypotheses

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 604 - 613

Published: March 11, 2021

Abstract Ungulates (antelopes, deer and relatives) have some of the most diverse social systems among mammals. To understand evolution ungulate organization, Jarman (1974) proposed an ecological scenario how distribution resources, habitat feeding style may influenced organization. Although Jarman's makes intuitive sense remains a textbook example evolution, it has not been scrutinized using modern phylogenetic comparative methods. Here we use 230 species from ten families to test hypotheses analyses. Consistent with proposition, both predict group size, since grazing ungulates typically live in open habitats form large herds. Group turn, knock‐on effect on mating sexual size dimorphism, that herds exhibit polygamy extensive dimorphism. Phylogenetic confirmatory path analyses suggest evolutionary changes type, body directly (or indirectly) induce shifts Taken together, these confirm conjectures, although they also uncover novel relationships between ecology Further studies are needed explore relevance for mammals beyond ungulates.

Language: Английский

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Sexual selection and sexual size dimorphism in animals

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 20210251 - 20210251

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Sexual selection is often considered as a critical evolutionary force promoting sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in animals. However, empirical evidence for positive relationship between on males and male-biased SSD received mixed support depending the studied taxonomic group method used to quantify selection. Here, we present meta-analytic approach accounting phylogenetic non-independence test how standardized metrics of opportunity strength pre-copulatory relate across broad range animal taxa comprising up 95 effect sizes from 59 species. We found that based length measurements was correlated with sex difference but showed weak statistically non-significant Bateman gradient. These findings suggest plays limited role evolution context.

Language: Английский

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The Alignment of Natural and Sexual Selection

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 499 - 517

Published: Aug. 31, 2021

Sexual selection has the potential to decrease mean fitness in a population through an array of costs nonsexual fitness. These may be offset when sexual favors individuals with high fitness, causing alignment and natural selection. We review many laboratory experiments that have manipulated mating systems aimed at quantifying net effects on must interpreted light history diversity ways manipulations altered interactions, conflict, Theory data suggest benefit is more likely sexually concordant genetic variation enhanced ecological context can mediate relative importance these different effects. Comparative studies independently examined consequences for population/species persistence. provide little indication benefit, interpreting higher-level responses challenging.

Language: Английский

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The causes and implications of sex role diversity in shorebird breeding systems

Ibis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 166(2), P. 357 - 385

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Males and females often exhibit different behaviours during mate acquisition, pair‐bonding parenting, a convenient label to characterize these is sex role. The diverse roles that male female shorebirds (plovers, sandpipers allies) in mating parenting have played key role advancing mainstream theories avian ecology behavioural biology including sexual selection, conflict parental cooperation. Recent advances shorebird research also highlighted the significance of social environment driving by linking adult ratio with breeding behaviour population demography. Here we review using as an ecological model system. We identify knowledge gaps argue untapped potential accelerate fields evolutionary genomics, movement ecology, networks environmental changes. Future studies will benefit from individual‐based monitoring advanced tracking technologies, multi‐team collaborations are facilitated standardized data collection methodologies across species field. These not only contribute our understanding reproductive strategies, but they knock‐on effects on predicting resilience changes prioritizing for conservation.

Language: Английский

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The genomics and evolution of inter-sexual mimicry and female-limited polymorphisms in damselflies

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 83 - 97

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

Sex-limited morphs can provide profound insights into the evolution and genomic architecture of complex phenotypes. Inter-sexual mimicry is one particular type sex-limited polymorphism in which a novel morph resembles opposite sex. While inter-sexual mimics are known both sexes diverse range animals, their evolutionary origin poorly understood. Here, we investigated basis female-limited male common bluetail damselfly. Differential gene expression between has been documented damselflies, but no causal locus previously identified. We found that originated an ancestrally sexually dimorphic lineage association with multiple structural changes, probably driven by transposable element activity. These changes resulted ~900 kb content partly shared close relative, indicating trans-species polymorphism. More recently, third following translocation part male-mimicry sequence position ~3.5 mb apart. evidence balancing selection maintaining mimicry, line previous field population studies. Our results underscore how variants affecting handful potentially regulatory genes morph-specific give rise to phenotypic polymorphisms.

Language: Английский

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An evolutionary innovation for mating facilitates ecological niche expansion and buffers species against climate change

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(10)

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

One of the drivers life’s diversification has been emergence “evolutionary innovations”: The evolution traits that grant access to underused ecological niches. Since interactions can occur separately from mating, mating-related have not traditionally considered factors in niche evolution. However, order persist their environment, animals need successfully mate just as much they survive. Innovations facilitate mating activity may therefore be an overlooked determinant species’ limits. Here, we show historical niches and responses contemporary climate change are shaped by innovation involved mating—a waxy, ultra-violet-reflective pruinescence produced male dragonflies. Physiological experiments two species demonstrate reduces heating water loss. Phylogenetic analyses is gained after taxa begin adopting a thermohydrically stressful behavior. Further comparative reveal pruinose more likely breed exposed, open-canopy microhabitats. Biogeographic uncover occupy warmer drier regions North America. Citizen-science observations Pachydiplax longipennis suggest extent optimized match local conditions. Finally, temporal indicate buffered against change. Overall, these patterns successful shape limits same way growth survival.

Language: Английский

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Polygenic response of sex chromosomes to sexual antagonism

Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 78(3), P. 539 - 554

Published: Dec. 28, 2023

Abstract Sexual antagonism occurs when males and females differ in their phenotypic fitness optima but are constrained evolution to these because of shared genome. The sex chromosomes, which have distinct evolutionary “interests” relative the autosomes, theorized play an important role sexually antagonistic conflict. However, responses chromosomes autosomes usually been considered independently, that is, via contrasting response a gene located on either X chromosome or autosome. Here, we study coevolutionary selection acting polygenic phenotype. We model phenotype initially under stabilizing around single optimum, followed by sudden divergence male female optima. find that, absence dosage compensation, promotes toward inducing male-biased autosomes. Dosage compensation obscures female-biased interests X, causing it contribute equally change. further demonstrate fluctuations adaptive landscape can generate prolonged intragenomic conflict accentuate differential this

Language: Английский

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Revisiting niche divergence hypothesis in sexually dimorphic birds: Is diet overlap correlated with sexual size dimorphism?

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 93(4), P. 460 - 474

Published: March 10, 2024

Abstract The evolution of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is a long‐standing topic in evolutionary biology, but there little agreement on the extent to which SSD driven by different selective forces. While selection and fecundity have traditionally been proposed as two leading hypotheses, may also result from natural through mechanisms such niche divergence, might reduced resource competition between sexes. Here, we revisited divergence hypothesis testing relationship overlap diet 56 bird species using phylogenetic comparative analyses. We then assessed how variation relates three main hypotheses: selection, generalized least squares (PGLS). Then, compared drivers confirmatory path analyses disentangle possible causal relationships hypotheses. Phylogenetic showed that was negatively correlated with overlap, is, greater difference body males females, less overlap. As predicted theory, sexes higher polygynous species. Confirmatory suggested most likely include mating system driver SSD. found no evidence role female‐biased Our study provides has cause dietary an indirect effect

Language: Английский

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