Future Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 15
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
The
advancement
of
targeted
drug
delivery
systems
has
opened
up
a
wide
array
opportunities
in
cancer
therapy,
leading
to
the
exploration
various
strategies.
Among
these,
use
prodrugs
stands
out
as
particularly
promising
approach
treatment,
aimed
at
enhancing
selectivity
and
effectiveness
cytotoxic
agents.
In
last
few
years,
there
been
considerable
progress
area
dimeric-based
therapy.
advantages
presented
by
have
significantly
improved
efficiency
delivering
anticancer
drugs,
characterized
high
loading
capacity,
advantageous
pharmacokinetics,
release
that
responds
tumor
stimuli.
With
respect
importance
dimerization
field
prodrug
development,
herein
we
review
latest
reports
covering
research
dimeric
prodrugs.
We
categorized
article
according
reported
also
spent
great
deal
attention
on
different
types
used
linkers
methods
dissociation
into
free
monomeric
drugs.
Readers
will
easily
be
able
compare
between
using
same
drugs
with
or
well
cell
lines
studies.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Nov. 5, 2023
Abstract
Marine
resources
in
unique
marine
environments
provide
abundant,
cost-effective
natural
biomaterials
with
distinct
structures,
compositions,
and
biological
activities
compared
to
terrestrial
species.
These
marine-derived
raw
materials,
including
polysaccharides,
protein
components,
fatty
acids,
minerals,
etc.,
have
shown
great
potential
preparing,
stabilizing,
or
modifying
multifunctional
nano-/micro-systems
are
widely
applied
drug
delivery,
theragnostic,
tissue
engineering,
etc.
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
summary
of
the
most
current
biomaterial-based
developed
over
past
three
years,
primarily
focusing
on
therapeutic
delivery
studies
highlighting
their
cure
variety
diseases.
Specifically,
we
first
provided
detailed
introduction
physicochemical
characteristics
biocomponents
state.
Furthermore,
assembly
processes,
functionalities
each
building
block,
thorough
evaluation
pharmacokinetics
pharmacodynamics
advanced
systems
effects
molecular
pathophysiological
processes
were
fully
elucidated.
Finally,
list
unresolved
issues
pivotal
challenges
applications,
such
as
standardized
distinction
long-term
biosafety
vivo,
feasibility
scale-up,
was
presented.
is
expected
serve
roadmap
for
fundamental
research
facilitate
rational
design
diverse
emerging
applications.
Graphical
Background:
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
has
emerged
as
a
promising
treatment
for
cancer,
primarily
due
to
its
ability
generate
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
that
directly
induce
tumor
cell
death.
However,
the
hypoxic
microenvironment
commonly
found
within
tumors
poses
significant
challenge
by
inhibiting
ROS
production.
This
study
aims
investigate
effect
of
improving
hypoxia
on
enhancing
PDT.
Result:
We
employed
polylactic-co-glycolic
acid
(PLGA)
delivery
vector
encapsulation
indocyanine
green
(ICG),
photosensitizer,
and
perfluorohexane
(PFH),
with
surface
labeling
mannose
facilitate
targeted
delivery.
A
potential
therapeutic
nanoplatform
was
fabricated,
designated
Man-PFH-ICG@PLGA.
These
nanospheres
are
capable
localizing
at
sites
can
be
tracked
using
photoacoustic
(PA)
imaging.
Upon
laser
irradiation,
generated
PDT
activated
transient
receptor
cation
channel
subfamily
member
1
(TRPA1)
located
membrane.
activation
led
an
influx
extracellular
Ca2+
subsequently
resulted
in
calcium
overload.
The
excessive
selectively
accumulated
mitochondria,
disrupting
function
enzymes
involved
mitochondrial
respiratory
chain.
disruption
inhibits
cellular
respiration
decreases
consumption
cells,
ultimately
contributing
alleviation
tumors.
Simultaneously,
PFH
exhibited
high
affinity
deliver
exogenous
site
through
simple
diffusion
along
concentration
gradient.
Both
direct
indirect
mechanisms
synergistically
contribute
ameliorating
conditions
tumors,
thereby
augmenting
efficacy
Conclusions:
synergistic
photocontrolled
overload
from
endogenous
sources
oxygen-carrying
alleviates
hypoxia,
approach
provides
new
perspective
Future Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 15
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
The
advancement
of
targeted
drug
delivery
systems
has
opened
up
a
wide
array
opportunities
in
cancer
therapy,
leading
to
the
exploration
various
strategies.
Among
these,
use
prodrugs
stands
out
as
particularly
promising
approach
treatment,
aimed
at
enhancing
selectivity
and
effectiveness
cytotoxic
agents.
In
last
few
years,
there
been
considerable
progress
area
dimeric-based
therapy.
advantages
presented
by
have
significantly
improved
efficiency
delivering
anticancer
drugs,
characterized
high
loading
capacity,
advantageous
pharmacokinetics,
release
that
responds
tumor
stimuli.
With
respect
importance
dimerization
field
prodrug
development,
herein
we
review
latest
reports
covering
research
dimeric
prodrugs.
We
categorized
article
according
reported
also
spent
great
deal
attention
on
different
types
used
linkers
methods
dissociation
into
free
monomeric
drugs.
Readers
will
easily
be
able
compare
between
using
same
drugs
with
or
well
cell
lines
studies.
