Connecting research and practice to enhance the evolutionary potential of species under climate change

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Abstract Resource managers have rarely accounted for evolutionary dynamics in the design or implementation of climate change adaptation strategies. We brought research and management communities together to identify challenges opportunities applying evidence from science support on‐the‐ground actions intended enhance species' potential. amalgamated input natural‐resource practitioners interdisciplinary scientists information needs, current knowledge that can fill those future avenues research. Three focal areas guide engagement include: (1) recognizing when act, (2) understanding feasibility assessing potential, (3) identifying best practices. Although researchers commonly propose using molecular methods estimate genetic diversity gene flow as key indicators we offer guidance on several additional attributes (and their proxies) may also decision‐making, particularly absence data. Finally, outline existing decision‐making frameworks help compare alternative strategies supporting with goal increasing effective use information, species conservation concern. caution, however, arguing over nuance generate confusion; instead, dedicating increased focus a decision‐relevant base better lend itself actions.

Language: Английский

---

Plant Strategies

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 27, 2023

Abstract Plants have evolved a remarkable array of adaptive solutions to the existential problem survival and reproduction in world where disturbances can be deadly, resources are scarce, competition is cutthroat. inherited phenotypic traits that increased their chance success, these indicators strategies for establishment survival. A plant strategy thought as “how species sustains population” (Westoby, 1998, p. 214) because all successful must positive demographic outcomes habitats which they adapted. This book aims articulate coherent framework studying unifies demography with functional ecology advance prediction ecology. Central this traits: heritable morphological, physiological, phenological attributes plants influence therefore drive fitness differences among species.

Language: Английский

---

Species distribution models and island biogeography: Challenges and prospects

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51, P. e02943 - e02943

Published: April 8, 2024

Species distribution models (SDMs) are the primary tools used to model and predict changes species' ranges, often provide a quantitative baseline for conservation measures. However, most SDM methods frameworks have been primarily designed use with species relatively large amounts of occurrence data covering broad continental ranges. Here, we undertake systematic review literature (224 published studies) assess appropriate SDMs in island biogeography, specifically focusing on marine islands. We divide into different insular categories (i.e., chorotypes: single island/archipelago endemics, non-endemic natives, non-natives) order chorotype-specific recommendations. highlight how navigate three fundamental considerations related application environments. 1) Response variables, issue small sample sizes many species. 2) Predictor including (i) selection relevant environmental predictors at spatial grains, (ii) addressing truncation extent across entire range, especially 3) Model building, particularly, context limited species, approach uncertainty choice modelling method, avoid overfitting. also examine sources studies, finding that there strong geographical biases study location. Alongside this, evaluate potential GBIF database – comprehensive global occurrences research. find has potentially underutilised studies so far, represents useful resource filling gaps several taxa going forward. Based insights obtained from our review, propose set recommendations tailored

Language: Английский

---

Bringing traits back into the equation: A roadmap to understand species redistribution

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Ecological and evolutionary theories have proposed that species traits should be important in mediating responses to contemporary climate change; yet, empirical evidence has so far provided mixed for the role of behavioral, life history, or ecological characteristics facilitating hindering range shifts. As such, utility trait‐based approaches predict redistribution under change been called into question. We develop perspective, supported by evidence, trait variation, if used carefully can high potential utility, but past analyses many cases failed identify an explanatory value not fully embracing complexity First, we discuss relevant theory linking shift processes at leading (expansion) trailing (contraction) edges distributions highlight need clarify mechanistic basis approaches. Second, provide a brief overview shift–trait studies new opportunities integration consider range‐specific intraspecific variability. Third, explore circumstances which environmental biotic context dependencies are likely affect our ability contribution processes. Finally, propose revealing shaping may require accounting methodological variation arising from estimation process as well addressing existing functional, geographical, phylogenetic biases. series considerations more effectively integrating extrinsic factors research. Together, these analytical promise stronger predictive understanding help society mitigate adapt effects on biodiversity.

Language: Английский

---

Preparing Wildlife for Climate Change: How Far Have We Come?

Journal of Wildlife Management, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 85(1), P. 7 - 16

Published: Nov. 3, 2020

ABSTRACT Global biodiversity is in unprecedented decline and on‐the‐ground solutions are imperative for conservation. Although there a large volume of evidence related to climate change effects on wildlife, research adaptation strategies lagging. To assess the current state knowledge adaptation, we conducted comprehensive literature review evaluated 1,346 peer‐reviewed publications management recommendations designed address consequences wildlife populations. From 509 publications, identified 2,306 employed both qualitative quantitative methods data analysis. found an increase diversity since 2007, focus protected areas (26%, 596 recommendations) non‐reserve matrix (12%, 276 remained prominent literature. Common concepts include areas, invasive species, ecosystem services, adaptive management, stepping stones, assisted migration, conservation easements. In contrast, only 1% focused reproduction ( n = 26), survival 14), disease or human‐wildlife conflict 24). Few reflected potential local‐scale interventions. We demonstrate limited advancement preparing natural resource managers at local, management‐relevant scales. Additional needed identify evaluate aimed reducing vulnerability contemporary change. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.

Language: Английский

---

Resilience of terrestrial and aquatic fauna to historical and future wildfire regimes in western North America

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(18), P. 12259 - 12284

Published: Aug. 30, 2021

Wildfires in many western North American forests are becoming more frequent, larger, and severe, with changed seasonal patterns. In response, coniferous forest ecosystems will transition toward dominance by fire-adapted hardwoods, shrubs, meadows, grasslands, which may benefit some faunal communities, but not others. We describe factors that limit promote resilience to shifting wildfire regimes for terrestrial aquatic ecosystems. highlight the potential value of interspersed nonforest patches wildlife. Similarly, we review watershed thresholds control wildfire, mediated thermal changes chemical, debris, sediment loadings. present a 2-dimensional life history framework temporal spatial traits species use resist effects or recover after disturbance at metapopulation scale. The role fire refuge is explored metapopulations species. systems, recovery assemblages postfire be faster smaller fires where unburned tributary basins instream structures provide from debris flows. envision more-frequent, lower-severity favor opportunistic less-frequent high-severity better competitors. Along dimension, hypothesize predictable generate burned close proximity move refuges later recolonize, whereas tend less-severely shelter place. Looking beyond trees fauna, consider mitigation options enhance buy time facing no-analog future.

Language: Английский

---

A species-level trait dataset of bats in Europe and beyond

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 3, 2023

Abstract Knowledge of species’ functional traits is essential for understanding biodiversity patterns, predicting the impacts global environmental changes, and assessing efficiency conservation measures. Bats are major components mammalian diversity occupy a variety ecological niches geographic distributions. However, an extensive compilation their attributes still missing. Here we present EuroBaTrait 1.0, most comprehensive up-to-date trait dataset covering 47 European bat species. The includes data on 118 including genetic composition, physiology, morphology, acoustic signature, climatic associations, foraging habitat, roost type, diet, spatial behaviour, life history, pathogens, phenology, distribution. We compiled obtained from three main sources: (i) systematic literature search, (ii) unpublished experts, (iii) observations large-scale monitoring programs. designed to provide important source comparative trait-based analyses at species or community level. also exposes knowledge gaps in species, coverage, highlighting priorities future collection.

Language: Английский

---

The macroecology of plant populations from local to global scales

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 233(3), P. 1038 - 1050

Published: Sept. 18, 2021

Summary Population ecologists develop theoretical and pragmatic knowledge of how why populations change or remain stable, life histories evolve devise management strategies for concern. However, forecasting the effects global recommending is often urgent, requiring to work without detailed local evidence while using data models from outside focal location species. Here we explore comparative ecology populations, population macroecology, can be used generalisations within between species across different scales, available demographic, environmental, history, occurrence trait data. We outline strengths weaknesses broad climatic variables suitability inferred probability occupancy represent environmental variation in analyses. evaluate contributions traits, environment their interaction as drivers history strategy. propose that insights theory, together with adaptive capacity individuals, inform on ‘persist place’ vs ‘shift space’ responses changing conditions. As demographic accumulate at landscape regional scales single species, throughout plant phylogenies, will have new opportunities testing macroecological generalities

Language: Английский

---

Planning for Climate Change Impacts on Geoheritage Interests in Protected and Conserved Areas

Geoheritage, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(4)

Published: Nov. 19, 2022

Abstract Climate change presents challenges for the management of geoheritage at all scales from individual geosites to whole landscapes, and affecting areas planet. Direct impacts will arise principally through effects climate changes on geomorphological processes vegetation cover, while indirect result hard engineering interventions mitigate risks natural hazards. We present an indicative framework that sets out key steps help geoconservation practitioners managers protected conserved (PCAs) with interests assess manage geoheritage. Strategies mitigation adaptation assist contingency planning implementation should be supported by site condition monitoring as far possible work nature, but require adaptive in face many uncertainties. Our approach is based assessment risk degradation their features arising likelihood them predicted severity impacts. The a site, feature or process depend (i) its geographic location proximity systems are likely respond dynamically changes; (ii) magnitude, rate duration these (iii) intrinsic factors include geological physical characteristics processes. Management options range non-intervention planned informed assessment. However, documentation posterity may only practical option close existential thresholds, such small mountain glaciers, sites sea-level rise coastal river erosion. Adaptation strategies should, practicable, align those biodiversity aim deliver multiple co-benefits nature people, although economic, social political constraints hinder where wider stakeholder involved. Managers PCAs need substantial input experts carry assessments recommended determine action required.

Language: Английский

---

Using the Conservation Standards Framework to Address the Effects of Climate Change on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

Climate, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 13 - 13

Published: Jan. 22, 2022

Climate change has challenged biodiversity conservation practitioners and planners. In this paper, we provide scalable guidance on integrating climate into planning adaptive management that results in the most appropriate strategies. This integrated “Climate-Smart Conservation Practice” focuses analyzing potential impact of species, ecosystems, ecosystem services, combined with “conventional” (non-climate) threats, incorporating knowledge projects. The is based already widely-used “Open Standards for Practice Conservation”, an application systems thinking management, which been successfully applied to thousands Our framework emphasizes a methodical analysis impacts projects support more productive goals strategy development. We two case studies showing applicability flexibility framework. An initial key element developing “situation models” document both current future threats affecting while interactions between conventional threats. Guidance also provided how design integrated, climate-smart strategies, detailed theories selected information suggestions presented are intended break down steps make process approachable, teams using within systematic process, demonstrate scientists can

Language: Английский

---