Fungal Disease Tolerance with a Focus on Wheat: A Review

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 482 - 482

Published: July 13, 2024

In this paper, an extensive review of the literature is provided examining significance tolerance to fungal diseases in wheat amidst escalating global demand for and threats from environmental shifts pathogen movements. The current comprehensive reliance on agrochemicals disease management poses risks food safety environment, exacerbated by emergence fungicide resistance. While resistance traits can offer some protection, these do not guarantee complete absence losses during periods vigorous or moderate development. Furthermore, introduction individual genes into monoculture exerts selection pressure populations. These disadvantages be addressed at least mitigated with cultivation tolerant varieties wheat. Research area has shown that certain varieties, susceptible severe infectious diseases, are still capable achieving high yields. Through analysis existing literature, paper explores manifestations quantification wheat, discussing its implications integrated breeding strategies. Additionally, addresses ecological evolutionary aspects pathogen–plant host system, emphasizing potential enhance productivity sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Potential in detection of cereal yellow dwarf virus in cereals through VisNIR spectroscopy

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 14

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Alfalfa transcriptomic responses to the field pathobiome

Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract The pathobiome is a comprehensive biotic environment that includes community of all disease‐causing organisms within the plant, defining their mutual interactions and resultant effects on plant health. concept understanding alfalfa its impact host fitness in natural ecosystems remain largely unexplored. We have previously reported diverse composition field production environment. In this study, using modern transcriptomics tools combined with computational analyses, we applied novel ‘field genomics’ approach to survey gene expression changes visually healthy diseased plants collected from commercial fields. As result work, genes pathways involved responses were identified genetic basis crop's resistance multi‐pathogenic infections was proposed. addition offering insights into ecosystems, strategy can facilitate identification tolerant genotypes adapted pathobiome, followed by application breeding programs.

Language: Английский

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Developing a predictive model for an emerging epidemic on cassava in sub-Saharan Africa

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

The agricultural productivity of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is severely constrained by pests and pathogens, impacting economic stability food security. An epidemic cassava brown streak disease, causing significant yield loss, spreading rapidly from Uganda into surrounding countries. Based on sparse surveillance data, the front reported to be as far west central DRC, world's highest per capita consumer, south Zambia. Future spread threatens production West including Nigeria, largest producer cassava. Using innovative methods we develop, parameterise validate a landscape-scale, stochastic model capturing disease throughout Uganda. incorporates real-world management interventions can readily extended make predictions for all 32 major producing countries SSA, with relevant lays foundations tool capable informing policy decisions at national regional scale.

Language: Английский

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Screening Local Sicilian Tomato Ecotypes to Evaluate the Response of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus Infection

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 412 - 412

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Tomato is one of the most important crops worldwide, with a production ≈190 million tons, but it constantly threatened by several viral diseases. brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), identified in 2014 on tomato plants and subsequently reported many countries, represents major threats to crops, due losses, different transmission modes its rapid spread. This work aimed evaluate 37 local Sicilian ecotypes against ToBRFV infection. After preliminary screening molecular analyses for mosaic (ToMV) pepino (PepMV), detection, were grown greenhouse their morphological characterization evaluating resistance tolerance ToBRFV. Resistance levels estimated mechanical inoculation ToB SIC01/19 isolate ten per ecotype accumulation RT-qPCR visual observation symptoms. All infected ToBRFV, showing symptoms disease severity. No showed high level resistance, two ecotypes, Pop27 Pop35, very moderate therefore tolerance. These could be used genetic breeding programs as parental ones obtain cultivars tolerant

Language: Английский

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Environmental stress in crops: Effects and responses during reproduction

Food and Energy Security, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Environmental stresses experienced during reproductive development cause drastic yield reductions in crop plants. Much of the literature has, however, focused on stress responses plant vegetative tissues. Although stage can affect yields, is most stress-sensitive phase growth cycle, which directly determines productivity. In particular, efficient operation photosynthesis and assimilate partitioning early stages plays a crucial role dry matter accumulation organ formation. Several morpho-physiological traits that improve have been used to enhance tolerance. However, do not necessarily tolerance at stage, nor they ensure higher grain yields terminal under conditions. addition, there poor correlation between seedling/vegetative observed suggesting separate sets genes are involved reproduction. The identification stage-specific target dissection physiological molecular tissues environmental (either applied individually or combination) critical steps towards improving unfavorable This information essential for stress-tolerant cultivars global food security. Additionally, exploiting natural genetic variations species paramount importance assisting breeders their efforts identify tolerant high-yielding cultivars. Special Issue encompasses reviews research articles contribute further our current understanding comprehensive review contained this offer synthesis knowledge, together with analysis literature. They provide novel wide-ranging insights into topic. new concerning mechanisms underlying fitness productivity various by Jeger (2023) provides unifying description term ‘tolerance’, defined as ability host mitigate effects infection survival fitness. robust, regardless pathogen load. compelling highlights need more intensive studies disease stage. argues it important define interactions biotic abiotic clearly. Similarly, article considers whether virus reduce severity different stresses, well providing an reducing vulnerability pathogens. Finally, emphasizes field tolerance, use mathematical models management strategies. Van Haeften et al., expert evaluation impact mungbean from perspective. consider confer adaptation fitness, emphasizing greater application biotechnological tools will accelerate future climate smart crop. Furthermore, argue limitations number genotypes available, lack detailed experimental constitute major hurdles achieving resilience. Heat causes detrimental numerous impairing pollen seed set. Smith wealth data deleterious heat both late anther developmental sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), resulting decrease yield. viability reported study shows booting susceptible duration than mother cell development. These findings implicate heat-induced auxin apical basal tiller formation two phase. may protect crops experiencing stress. Genetic diversity backbone It affords possibility adapt stresses. Shokat overview potential variation pre-breeding found population bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, flowering drought explore range parameters related eco-physiology, antioxidant carbohydrate metabolism, osmoprotection, endogenous phytohormone levels, genes, predicting yield-related plants propose availability diverse resources, identified traits, be effectively exploited breeding high resilience adverse addition genomic resources improvement. Advances technologies enabled generation utilized improvement programs secure Pruthi several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) candidate associated rice salt were those seedling distinct pathways control underpin these rice. finding necessitates stacking QTLs/genes stages. Notably, also some introgression lines enhanced state-of-the-art approaches such whole genome sequencing, transcriptomics, metabolomics, lead deeper lines. Collectively, comprise useful crops. valuable stress, wild relatives. invaluable strategies designed through marker-assisted selection, high-throughput phenotyping, editing selection. assist resilient phase, thus safeguarding yields. CF thanks BBSRC (GCRF) Grant: BB/T008865/1. There no funders. authors stated explicitly conflicts interest connection article. Data sharing applicable datasets generated analysed study.

Language: Английский

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Chemical Composition of Healthy and Raspberry Leaf Blotch Emaravirus-Infected Red Raspberry ‘Willamette’ Fruits

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 187 - 187

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the changes in chemical composition fresh red raspberry ‘Willamette’ fruits caused by presence leaf blotch emaravirus (RLBV). In three experimental orchards raspberry, were harvested from RLBV-free and RLBV-infected plants 2019 2020. Fruits collected at appropriate maturity stages further analyzed terms total phenolics, anthocyanins, selected individual phenolics. all orchards, phenolic profiles infected uninfected fruit samples considerably different during both studied years. Nonetheless, intensity modifications varied greatly depending on location harvest year. Statistical analysis revealed that influence RLBV infection features undeniable, although influences weather conditions soil outweighed RLBV. Taking into consideration statistical data, it can be concluded had an impact profile fruits, while sensitivity environmental is emphasized.

Language: Английский

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Selective autophagy receptor‐encoding sequences in shallot transcriptome: In silico identification and expression patterns in response to asymptomatic shallot virus X infection

Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(5), P. 1289 - 1297

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Plant host tolerance is a key plant defence response to parasites, including viruses. This complex genetic trait involves multiple molecular mechanisms and, in particular, selective autophagy. Experimental data on the role of various autophagy factors cargo receptors viral infection are extremely limited. In this communication, I present results silico identification sequences shallot transcriptome encoding homologues several (SARs) related immune and their expression patterns asymptomatic virus X, member genus Allexivirus , subgenus Acarallexivirus within family Alphaflexiviridae . The obtained, together with relevant literature data, suggest that some SARs likely be involved regulation unfolded protein programmed cell death may play an active formation state allexivirus infection.

Language: Английский

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Impact of novel methods and research approaches in plant pathology: Are individual advances sufficient to meet the wider challenges of disease management?

Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(7), P. 1629 - 1655

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract Advances continue to be made by plant pathologists on topics in health, environmental protection and food security. Many advances have been for individual crops, pathogens diseases that many cases led their successful management. A wider impact of research depends recognition the multifaceted challenges posed need integrate studies a systems level approach. The adoption high‐throughput sequencing diagnosis detection is widespread but upon agricultural ecological context combined with improved surveillance. Deployment host resistance field needs aligned greater appreciation genetic diversity complementary contribution tolerance disease. Epidemiological understanding spatiotemporal spread has through population dynamic analyses. Research emphasis microbiome invigorated soil microbial studies, especially disease complexes declines, challenge move interventions benefit health. Analysis impacts climate change single‐crop seldom these placed pathogen adaptation, new wild plants, vectors microbes. informatic analysis illustrate not only global introductions, also inherent marshalling integrating information. applying artificial intelligence technologies across areas pathology yet integrated within any coordinated agenda.

Language: Английский

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Screening for ToLCNDV tolerance in ridge gourd germplasm, inheritance study and SNP marker identification using GWAS based on DArTseq

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 339, P. 113867 - 113867

Published: Dec. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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