Characterizing Moisture Origins and Ionic Contributions in Wet Deposition Samples from the Río de la Plata Basin.

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 121047 - 121047

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Glacial geomorphology of the Chirripó National Park, Costa Rica

Journal of Maps, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 538 - 545

Published: June 30, 2019

ABSTRACT Several regions of tropical America show imprints past glacial activity. These relict landforms can support the understanding climate conditions, such as during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and implications that these paleoclimatic conditions could have had on landscape change. Here, we present analyze morphologies for Chirripó National Park in Costa Rica based aerial imagery (1:25,000), detailed Digital Elevation Models, geomorphic mapping, well assessments field to determine validate landforms. This study adds valuable insights into reconstruction maximum expansion glaciation LGM landscapes general.

Language: Английский

---

Future Meteorological Droughts in Ecuador: Decreasing Trends and Associated Spatio-Temporal Features Derived From CMIP5 Models

Frontiers in Earth Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Feb. 28, 2020

Droughts are one of the most spatially extensive disasters that face societies. Therefore, it’s urgent to define mitigation strategies based on objective studies. However, research droughts features in climate change (CC) have limitations due phenomenon complexity and uncertainty future precipitation from Global Climate Models (GCMs). The study Ecuador is limited, despite fact CC will more impact developing countries. aims assess spatio-temporal characteristics present under 4.5 8.5 Representative Concentrations Pathways (RCP). Due intricate orography Ecuador, e.g. coast, Andes Amazon, 10 km dynamically downscaled results Couple Model Intercomparaison Project 5 (CMIP5). GCMs , GISS, CSIRO, IPSL were used calculate Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) (present: 1981- 2005, future: 2041- 2070). show overall there a slightly decreasing trend occurrence whole country, with larger reduction, for moderate, followed by severe extreme. intra-annual analysis shows reduction moderate RCPs all DGCMs, throughout year; extreme drought small decrease statisticaly non-significant change. In CSIRO some increase/decrease probability May October/rest year, expected December/from January april, increases April higher increase October November. Thus, Amazon rainy/drier period decreasing/increasing droughts, which may be linked wetter wet drier dry paradigm, although coast different. Knowing makes challenging decision-making adaptation strategies, this contributes representation highlighting areas months where mayor changes as well evaluation ability represent tropical mountains.

Language: Английский

---

Tropical Paleoglacial Geoheritage Inventory for Geotourism Management of Chirripó National Park, Costa Rica

Geoheritage, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(3)

Published: June 24, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Equilibrium-line altitude and temperature reconstructions during the Last Glacial Maximum in Chirripó National Park, Costa Rica

Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 100, P. 102576 - 102576

Published: March 31, 2020

Language: Английский

---

A concerted research effort to advance the hydrological understanding of tropical páramos

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 34(24), P. 4609 - 4627

Published: Sept. 14, 2020

Abstract Páramos, a neotropical alpine grassland‐peatland biome of the northern Andes and Central America, play an essential role in regional global cycles water, carbon, nutrients. They act as water towers, delivering ecosystem services from high mountains down to Pacific, Caribbean, Amazon regions. Páramos are also widely recognized biodiversity climate change hot spots, yet they threatened by anthropogenic activities environmental changes. Despite their importance for security carbon storage, vulnerability human activities, only three decades ago, páramos were severely understudied. Increasing awareness need hydrological evidence guide sustainable management prompted action generating data filling long‐standing knowledge gaps. This has led remarkably successful increase scientific knowledge, induced strong interaction between scientific, policy, (local) communities. A combination well‐established innovative approaches been applied collection, processing, analysis. In this review, we provide short overview historical development research state hydrometeorology, flux dynamics, impacts, influence extreme events páramos. We then present emerging technologies hydrology resources discuss how converging science policy efforts have leveraged traditional new observational techniques generate base that can support conclude co‐evolution was able successfully cover different spatial temporal scales. Lastly, outline future directions showcase long‐term collection foster responsible conservation towers.

Language: Английский

---

Tracing Water Sources and Fluxes in a Dynamic Tropical Environment: From Observations to Modeling

Frontiers in Earth Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 6, 2020

Tropical regions cover approximately 36% of the Earth's landmass. These are home to 40% world's population, which is projected increase over 50% by 2030 under a remarkable climate variability scenario often exacerbated El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other teleconnections. In tropics, ecohydrological conditions typically influence complex land-ocean-atmosphere interactions that produce dynamic cycling mass energy reflected in clear partition water fluxes. Here, we present review seven years concerted continuous stable isotope monitoring across Costa Rica, including key insights learned, main methodological advances limitations (both experimental designs data analysis), potential gaps, future research opportunities with humid tropical perspective. The uniqueness geographic location Rica within mountainous Central America Isthmus, receiving moisture inputs from Caribbean Sea (windward) Pacific Ocean (complex leeward topography), experiencing strong ENSO events, poses advantage for use isotopic variations underpin drivers responses. sequential approach, analyzed transport, rainfall generation, groundwater/surface connectivity Bayesian rainfall-runoff modeling. overarching goal this provide robust example progressive escalation common observations more modeling outputs applications enhance resource management tropics.

Language: Английский

---

Landslides and floods zonation using geomorphological analyses in a dynamic basin of Costa Rica

Revista Cartográfica, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 125 - 138

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Despite of the geomorphological diversity Central America and Costa Rica, there are few detailed studies in region. A 1:25,000 analyses Upper General River Basin (UGRB) located southeast Rica is presented, based on interpretation aerial photographs field mapping. First, a morphometric analysis was performed to calculate analyze seven variables that were merged order produce flood landslides susceptibility maps. Second, total 43 types landforms divided genetically into endogenic (tectonic), exogenic (fluvial, gravitational, glacial) features mapped for an area 1560 km2. Finally, hazard map with zonation different levels floods performed. This cartography important terms evolution, disaster risk reduction as well land use planning approximately 40,000 inhabitants. The presented methodology can also be applied other developing countries purposes such landscape morphogenetic maps, reduction, planning.

Language: Английский

---

Temporal variations and evaporation control effect of the stable isotope composition of precipitation in the subtropical monsoon climate region, Southwest China

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 599, P. 126278 - 126278

Published: April 6, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Water‐isotope ecohydrology of Mount Kilimanjaro

Ecohydrology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 6, 2019

Abstract Notwithstanding its crucial importance for assessing the vulnerability of tropical mountain ecosystems to both local anthropogenic pressure and climate change, knowledge relationships between climate, hydrology, vegetation on Mount Kilimanjaro is highly fragmentary. Unraveling pathway water from precipitation transpiration can also help validate paleoclimate proxies derived hydrogen‐ oxygen‐isotopic signatures plant compounds, such as leaf waxes. We measured δ 2 H 18 O in precipitation, stream, soil water, xylem locally common plants, four successive seasons along a 3,000‐m altitudinal transect covering lowland savannah, lower upper montane forest, subalpine zone Kilimanjaro. Across all bioclimatic zones, decreased with monthly amount at rate −8 ± 2‰ −1.0 0.3‰ per 100 mm, respectively. Our xylem‐water isotope data indicate that plants general took up topsoil during northeasterly monsoon season short dry gradually shifted deeper southeasterly main season. Savannah trees shrubs tapped pool recharged by source relatively constant isotopic signature. This observation conforms “two worlds” hypothesis implies possible seasonal bias plant‐derived paleohydrological proxies. Finally, our results show strong correlation xylem‐to‐leaf water‐isotopic enrichment ambient relative humidity, despite savannah we attribute leaf‐cooling mechanism this warm, semi‐arid environment.

Language: Английский

---