Pharmacological characterization of the antidiabetic drug metformin in atherosclerosis inhibition: A comprehensive insight
Immunity Inflammation and Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(8)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Abstract
Background
Atherosclerosis
(AS)
is
a
progressive
disease
that
interferes
with
blood
flow,
leading
to
cardiovascular
complications
such
as
hypertension,
ischemic
heart
disease,
stroke,
and
vascular
ischemia.
The
progression
of
AS
correlated
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
endothelial
dysfunction.
Various
signaling
pathways,
like
nuclear
erythroid‐related
factor
2
(Nrf2)
Kruppel‐like
(KLF2),
are
involved
in
the
pathogenesis
AS.
Nrf2
KLF2
have
anti‐inflammatory
antioxidant
properties.
Thus,
activation
these
pathways
may
reduce
development
Metformin,
an
insulin‐sensitizing
drug
used
management
type
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM),
increases
expression
KLF2.
common
long‐term
macrovascular
complication
T2DM.
metformin,
through
its
pleiotropic
effect,
attenuate
Aims
Therefore,
this
review
aims
investigate
possible
role
metformin
concerning
effect
on
inhibition
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
formation.
In
addition
antidiabetic
can
morbidities
mortalities
compared
other
agents,
even
similar
glucose
control
by
Nrf2/KLF2
pathway
activation.
Conclusion
conclusion,
effective
therapeutic
strategy
against
AS,
mainly
KLF2/Nrf2
axis.
Language: Английский
Dexmedetomidine promotes macrophage cholesterol efflux and prevents atherosclerosis by activating the SIRT1/ABCA1 pathway
Tissue and Cell,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 102707 - 102707
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
The Peripheral Amyloid-β Nexus: Connecting Alzheimer’s Disease with Atherosclerosis through Shared Pathophysiological Mechanisms
NeuroMolecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
27(1)
Published: March 3, 2025
Abstract
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
and
atherosclerosis
(AS)
are
two
chronic
diseases
with
seemingly
distinct
pathologies.
However,
emerging
research
points
to
a
bidirectional
relationship
driven
by
common
mechanisms,
such
as
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
dysregulation
of
Amyloid-Beta
(Aβ).
This
review
focuses
on
the
role
Aβ
critical
molecular
link
between
AD
AS,
emphasizing
its
contribution
neuronal
impairment
vascular
damage.
Specifically,
peripheral
produced
in
pancreas
skeletal
muscle
tissues
exacerbates
AS
promoting
endothelial
dysfunction
insulin
resistance
(IR).
Furthermore,
accelerates
progression
impairing
cerebral
blood
flow
inducing
hypoxia,
causing
accumulation.
critically
evaluates
recent
findings,
highlighting
inconsistencies
clinical
studies
suggesting
future
directions.
Understanding
influence
could
pave
way
for
novel
therapeutic
approaches
targeting
shared
pathways,
particularly
clearance
inflammation.
Language: Английский
Suppressing endothelial senescence: A comprehensive analysis of metformin's mechanisms and implications
Life Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 123730 - 123730
Published: May 1, 2025
Language: Английский
The Possible Role of Metformin and Fibroblast Growth Factor‐21 in Multiple Sclerosis Neuropathology: Birds of a Feather Flock Together
European Journal of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
61(7)
Published: April 1, 2025
Multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
is
a
progressive
demyelinating
disease
of
the
CNS,
characterized
by
inflammation,
formation
CNS
plaques,
and
damage
to
neuronal
myelin
sheath
(Graphical
abstract).
Fibroblast
growth
factor
21
(FGF21)
involved
in
various
metabolic
disorders
neurodegenerative
diseases.
FGF21
its
co-receptor
β-Kloth
are
essential
remyelination
process
MS.
Metformin,
an
insulin-sensitizing
drug
that
first-line
treatment
for
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM),
may
have
potential
neuroprotective
impact
up-regulating
production
FGF21,
which
prevent
onset
diseases
including
The
purpose
this
review
clarify
how
metformin
affects
MS
neuropathology
mechanistically
via
modifying
FGF21.
Metformin
increases
expression
also
β-Klotho,
modulates
oxidative
stress,
reduces
glutamate-induced
excitotoxicity,
regulates
platelet
function
coagulation
cascades.
In
conclusion,
can
enhance
functional
activity
counteracting
development
progression
Preclinical
clinical
studies
warranted
regard.
Language: Английский
Epilepsy and autophagy modulators: a therapeutic split
Autophagy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 15, 2025
Epilepsy
is
a
neurological
disease
characterized
by
repeated
unprovoked
seizure.
controlled
anti-epileptic
drugs
(AEDs);
however,
one
third
of
epileptic
patients
have
symptoms
that
are
not
AEDs
in
condition
called
refractory
epilepsy.
Dysregulation
macroautophagy/autophagy
involved
the
pathogenesis
Autophagy
prevents
development
and
progression
epilepsy
through
regulating
balance
between
inhibitory
excitatory
neurotransmitters.
Induction
autophagy
autophagy-related
proteins
could
be
novel
therapeutic
strategy
management
Despite
protective
role
against
epileptogenesis
epilepsy,
its
status
epilepticus
perplexing
might
reflect
nature
as
double-edged
sword.
inducers
play
critical
reducing
seizure
frequency
severity,
an
adjuvant
treatment
However,
inhibitors
also
anticonvulsant
effect.
Therefore,
aim
present
mini-review
to
discuss
potential
how
modulators
affect
Language: Английский