Liquid biopsy: Cell-free DNA based analysis in breast cancer

The Journal of Liquid Biopsy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1, P. 100002 - 100002

Published: July 27, 2023

Breast cancer management has witnessed significant advancements, especially in the diagnosis and treatment response monitoring through implementation of imaging techniques tissue biopsy procedures. Nevertheless, there is potential for further improvement by integrating less invasive approaches that offer timely precise information. Liquid biopsy, which involves isolating tumor-derived components such as circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) its subset known tumor (ctDNA), can greatly enhance prognosis, identification specific genomic alterations, selection targeted therapies breast patients. While incorporation ctDNA-based testing into clinical practice been primarily focused on metastatic (MBC), growing interest applicability early-stage given ability to capture heterogeneity. Additionally, minimally nature ctDNA allows multiple serial samplings, providing a dynamic assessment characteristics over time. However, analysis encounters challenge related abundance temporal aspect disease. The quantity relation disease stage poses an important obstacle often hinders accurate analysis. Therefore, it crucial ensure sample collection, employ sensitive detection methods, carefully manage pre-analytical phase overcome these challenges facilitate successful cancer. This article aims summarize methodologies employed ctDNA, provide comprehensive review current applications cancer, elucidate underlying rationale extension broader contexts. Furthermore, models could widespread adoption various healthcare institutions are discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Circulating Tumor DNA in the Management of Early-Stage Breast Cancer

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1573 - 1573

Published: June 7, 2023

Liquid biopsies refer to the isolation and analysis of tumor-derived biological material from body fluids, most commonly blood, in order provide clinically valuable information for management cancer patients. Their non-invasive nature allows overcome limitations tissue biopsy complement latter guiding therapeutic decision-making. In past years, several studies have demonstrated that circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection can be used clinical setting improve patient prognosis monitor therapy response, especially metastatic cancers. With advent significant technological advances assay development, ctDNA now accurately reliably identified early-stage cancers despite its low levels bloodstream. this review, we discuss important highlight potential utility breast focusing on early diagnosis, minimal residual disease prediction relapse. We also offer a concise description sensitive techniques are deemed appropriate examine their advantages disadvantages, as they been employed various studies. Finally, future perspectives how could better integrated into everyday oncology practice.

Language: Английский

---

Predictive and prognostic biomarkers of bone metastasis in breast cancer: current status and future directions

Cell & Bioscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract The most common site of metastasis in breast cancer is the bone, where balance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated formation disrupted. This imbalance causes osteolytic cancer, which leads to pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, other skeletal-related events (SREs). These complications reduce patients' quality life significantly have a profound impact on prognosis. In this review, we begin by providing brief overview epidemiology including current diagnostic tools, treatment approaches, existing challenges. Then, will introduce pathophysiology (BCBM) animal models involved study BCBM. We then come focus paper: discussion several biomarkers that potential provide predictive prognostic value context BCBM—some may be particularly compatible with more comprehensive liquid biopsies. Beyond that, briefly explore new technologies such as single-cell sequencing organoid models, improve our understanding tumor heterogeneity aid development improved biomarkers. emerging discussed hold promise for future clinical application, aiding prevention BCBM, improving prognosis patients, guiding implementation personalized medicine.

Language: Английский

---

Bridging horizons beyond CIRCULATE-Japan: a new paradigm in molecular residual disease detection via whole genome sequencing-based circulating tumor DNA assay

International Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 495 - 511

Published: March 29, 2024

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is the fraction of cell-free in patient blood that originates from a tumor. Advances sequencing technologies and our understanding molecular biology tumors have increased interest exploiting ctDNA to facilitate detection residual disease (MRD). Analysis as promising MRD biomarker solid malignancies has central role precision medicine initiatives exemplified by CIRCULATE-Japan project involving patients with resectable colorectal cancer. Notably, underscores prognostic significance status at 4 weeks post-surgery its correlation adjuvant therapy efficacy interim analysis. This substantiates hypothesis critical indicator relapse Despite remarkable advancements, challenges endure, primarily attributable exceedingly low concentration peripheral blood, particularly scenarios shedding intrinsic error rates current technologies. These complications necessitate more sensitive sophisticated assays verify clinical utility across all tumors. Whole genome (WGS)-based tumor-informed recently demonstrated ability detect parts-per-million range. review delineates landscape assays, highlighting WGS-based approaches forefront technique Additionally, it introduces upcoming endeavor, pan-cancer via ctDNA, forthcoming project, SCRUM-Japan MONSTAR-SCREEN-3.

Language: Английский

---

Biopsy Techniques for Musculoskeletal Tumors: Basic Principles and Specialized Techniques

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 900 - 917

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Biopsy is a pivotal component in the diagnostic process of bone and soft tissue tumors. The objective to obtain adequate without compromising local tumor dissemination patient’s survival. This review explores contemporary principles practices musculoskeletal biopsies, emphasizing critical role accuracy while also delving into evolving landscape liquid biopsies as promising alternative field. A thorough literature search was done PubMed Google Scholar well physical books libraries summarize available biopsy techniques for tumors, discuss methods, risk factors, complications, emphasize challenges related oncology. Research articles that studied basic specialized patients were deemed eligible. Their advantages disadvantages, technical pathophysiological mechanisms, possible risks complications reviewed, summarized, discussed. An inadequately executed may hinder diagnosis subsequently impact treatment outcomes. All lesions should be approached with presumption malignancy until proven otherwise. Liquid have emerged potent non-invasive tool analyzing phenotype, progression, drug resistance guiding decisions sarcomas metastases. Despite advancements, several barriers remain including costs, scalability, reproducibility, isolation methods. It paramount orthopedic oncologists work together radiologists pathologists enhance diagnosis, patient outcomes, healthcare costs.

Language: Английский

---