Diverse material properties and morphology of moth proboscises relates to the feeding habits of some macromoth and other lepidopteran lineages

Interface Focus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2)

Published: April 11, 2024

Insects have evolved unique structures that host a diversity of material and mechanical properties, the mouthparts (proboscis) butterflies moths (Lepidoptera) are no exception. Here, we examined proboscis morphology properties from several previously unstudied moth lineages to determine if they relate flower visiting non-flower feeding habits. Scanning electron microscopy three-dimensional imaging were used study assess surface roughness patterns on galeal surface, respectively. Confocal laser scanning was cuticular autofluorescence, which quantified with colour analysis software. We found proboscises display similar autofluorescent signals morphological in relation habits those described for butterflies. The distal region visitors is brush-like augmented capillarity exhibited blue indicating possible presence resilin increased flexibility. Flower smoother show red an indicator high sclerotization, adaptive floral tube entry. propose lepidopteran as model structure understanding how insects suite adaptations overcome challenges acquiring fluids diverse sources.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary functional morphology of the proboscis and feeding apparatus of hawk moths (Sphingidae: Lepidoptera)

Journal of Morphology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 283(11), P. 1390 - 1410

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

The morphology of the proboscis and associated feeding organs was studied in several nectar-feeding hawk moths, as well a specialized honey-feeder two supposedly nonfeeding species. lengths ranged from few millimeters to more than 200 mm. Despite variation length strategy, principle external internal composition galeae, stipes pump, suction pump were similar across all smooth slender is highly conserved among lineages Sphingidae. Remarkably, they share typical arrangement sensilla at tip. number styloconica are independent length. A unique found honey-feeding species Acherontia atropos. Here, distinctly pointed apex displays large subterminal opening food canal, thus characterizes novel type piercing Lepidoptera. In probably species, rudimentary galeae not interlocked lacks styloconica; galeal muscles, however, present. All demonstrate an identical anatomy stipes, regardless diet. Even Sphingidae possess apparatus, suggesting that their rudiments might still be functional. morphometric analyses indicate significant positive correlations between galea lumen volume muscle canal muscular pump. Size these functionally connected reflect morphological fine-tuning evolution function.

Language: Английский

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Wettability and morphology of proboscises interweave with hawkmoth evolutionary history

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 226(19)

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Hovering hawkmoths expend significant energy while feeding, which should select for greater feeding efficiency. Although increased efficiency has been implicitly assumed, it never assessed. We hypothesized that have proboscises specialized gathering nectar passively. Using contact angle and capillary pressure to evaluate action of the proboscis, we conducted a comparative analysis wetting absorption properties 13 species hawkmoths. showed all hydrophilic proboscis. In contradistinction, other tested lepidopteran dichotomy with only distal ∼10% hydrophilic. Longer are more wettable, suggesting long efficient at acquiring by proboscis surface than shorter proboscises. All hawkmoth also show strong pressure, which, together behaviors observed, ensures will be delivered food canal efficiently. The patterns found suggest different subfamilies use strategies. Our approach reveals unique among Lepidoptera highlights importance considering physical characteristics understand evolution diversification

Language: Английский

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Biomechanical drivers of the evolution of butterflies and moths with a coilable proboscis

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2035)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Current biomechanical models suggest that butterflies and moths use their proboscis as a drinking straw pulling nectar continuous liquid column. Our analyses revealed an alternative mode for fluid uptake: bubble trains help defeat drag. We combined X-ray phase-contrast imaging, optical video microscopy, micro-computed tomography, phylogenetic of evolution mechanics bubble-train formation to understand the biomechanics butterfly moth feeding. mechanism appeared in early with long enough coil. propose that, addition ability drink column from pools, exploit films by capitalizing on would have expanded range available food sources, facilitating diversification Lepidoptera.

Language: Английский

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Adaptations for gas exchange enabled the elongation of lepidopteran proboscises

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(14), P. 2888 - 2896.e2

Published: June 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Ultramorphology of the proboscis and sensilla of the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Arthropod Structure & Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 101315 - 101315

Published: Dec. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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The hawkmoth proboscis: an insect model for sensorimotor control of reaching and exploration

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 27, 2024

Synopsis Reaching and inspecting objects is an intricate part of human life, which shared by a diversity animals across phyla. In addition to appendages like legs antennae, some insects use their mouthparts reach inspect targets. Hawkmoths the family Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) extremely long straw-like proboscis drink nectar from flowers. As they approach flowers, hawkmoths uncoil explore floral surface while hovering target nectary hole. Several sensory modalities provide feedback control guide these versatile movements. The task faced hawkmoths’ nervous system during such behaviors not unlike that animal guiding limbs or robotic agent manipulator target. perform reaching maneuvers simultaneously hovering, hence require rapid continuous coordination between proboscis, neck, flight motor systems, thereby providing unique invertebrate model for studying appendage guidance reaching. Here, we review what known about how inspection discovery, as well role various sensors in guidance. We give brief overview morphology muscular apparatus hawkmoth discuss multimodal might be turned into action

Language: Английский

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Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Proboscis and Associated Sensilla in Colias erate (Esper, 1805) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 922 - 922

Published: Nov. 25, 2024

Morphological studies of the proboscis can provide valuable insights into evolutionary adaptations Lepidoptera. However, such research is relatively limited for Pieridae, a family that significant both ecologically and economically. In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate associated sensilla adult C. erate, with an emphasis on ultrastructural details potential sex-specific differences. The in sexes exhibits similar structure, consisting two elongated maxillary galeae connected by dorsal ventral legulae. It divided three distinct zones based morphological changes outer surface characterized spike-like microbumps transverse ridges, while inner (food canal) smooth throughout all zones, regularly spaced grooves. Three types comprising five subtypes were identified: chaetica (sc), basiconica (sb1, sb2, sb3), styloconica (ss). functional implications these features are also discussed briefly.

Language: Английский

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Comparative morphology of the larval mouthparts among six species of Sphingidae (Insecta: Lepidoptera), with discussions on their diversity

Acta Zoologica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Abstract Caterpillars have a significant impact on human economy, because their plant‐attacking and silk‐producing habits. The larval mouthparts play crucial role in feeding spinning exhibit an extremely morphological diversity, which is closely related to taxonomic status, habits, even the developmental stages. However, not been fully elucidated megadiverse Sphingidae. In this study, of Ampelophaga rubiginosa Bremer & Grey, 1853, Laothoe amurensis (Staudinger, 1892), Smeritus planus Walker, 1856, Dolbina tancrei Staudinger,1887, Phyllosphingia dissimilis (Bremer, 1861), Marumba sperchius (Ménétriés, 1857) were morphologically observed compared using scanning electron microscopy. six species are diverse labral notches, mandibles, spinneret labial palps arrangement mouthparts. diversity briefly discussed, considering taxonomical functional aspects.

Language: Английский

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The Morphology of the Sensilla on the Proboscis of Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Commagene Journal of Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 184 - 189

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Proboscis structure and sensilla types are important morphological characters for the systematic analysis of Lepidoptera families. There is no study on proboscis Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) despite fact that it an pest. For this purpose, A. were investigated by using stereomicroscope scanning electron microscope in detail. The results show has three sensillum (sensilla basiconica, trichodea, styloconica). Sensilla basiconica consists a sensory cone with single terminal pore surrounded shallow socket flat surface. trichodea (chaetica) bristle-shaped. bristles poreless smooth. styloconicum smooth stylus, blunt tip, long peg. In study, discussed similarities differences other lepidopteran species' types. Thus, they contribute to understanding including Pieridae.

Language: Английский

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