Formulation Advances in Posterior Segment Ocular Drug Delivery
Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
Posterior
segment
ocular
diseases,
such
as
diabetic
retinopathy,
age-related
macular
degeneration,
and
retinal
vein
occlusion,
are
leading
causes
of
vision
impairment
blindness
worldwide.
Effective
management
these
conditions
remains
a
formidable
challenge
due
to
the
unique
anatomical
physiological
barriers
eye,
including
blood-retinal
barrier
rapid
drug
clearance
mechanisms.
To
address
hurdles,
nanostructured
delivery
systems
proposed
overcome
barriers,
target
retina,
enhance
permeation
while
ensuring
controlled
release.
Traditional
therapeutic
approaches,
intravitreal
injections,
pose
significant
drawbacks,
patient
discomfort,
poor
compliance,
potential
complications.
Therefore,
understanding
physiology
mechanism
eye
could
aid
in
design
novel
formulations
that
be
noninvasive
deliver
drugs
reach
site
is
pivotal
for
effective
treatment
strategies.
This
review
focuses
on
recent
advances
formulation
strategies
posterior
delivery,
highlighting
their
limitations.
Furthermore,
nanocarrier
in-situ
gel,
niosomes,
hydrogels,
dendrimers,
liposomes,
nanoparticles,
nanoemulsions
more
effectively
selectively
explored,
supplemented
with
illustrative
examples,
figures,
tables.
aims
provide
insights
into
current
state
emphasizing
need
interdisciplinary
approaches
develop
patient-centric,
minimally
invasive,
solutions.
Language: Английский
Ultrasensitive Lateral Flow Immunoassay of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic Gatifloxacin Using Au@Ag Nanoparticles as a Signal-Enhancing Label
Biosensors,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(12), P. 598 - 598
Published: Dec. 6, 2024
Gatifloxacin
(GAT),
an
antibiotic
belonging
to
the
fluoroquinolone
(FQ)
class,
is
a
toxicant
that
may
contaminate
food
products.
In
this
study,
method
of
ultrasensitive
immunochromatographic
detection
GAT
was
developed
for
first
time.
An
indirect
format
lateral
flow
immunoassay
(LFIA)
performed.
GAT-specific
monoclonal
antibodies
and
labeled
anti-species
were
used
in
LFIA.
Bimetallic
core@shell
Au@Ag
nanoparticles
(Au@Ag
NPs)
synthesized
as
new
label.
Peroxidase-mimic
properties
NPs
allowed
catalytic
enhancement
signal
on
test
strips,
increasing
assay
sensitivity.
A
mechanism
NPs-mediated
catalysis
deduced.
Signal
amplification
achieved
through
oxidative
etching
by
hydrogen
peroxide.
This
resulted
formation
gold
Ag+
ions,
which
catalyzed
oxidation
peroxidase
substrate.
Such
“chemical
enhancement”
reaching
instrumental
limit
(LOD,
calculated
Three
Sigma
approach)
cutoff
0.8
20
pg/mL,
respectively.
The
enhanced
procedure
can
be
completed
21
min.
LFIA
tested
raw
meat
samples,
recoveries
from
78.1–114.8%.
recommended
promising
instrument
sensitive
various
toxicants.
Language: Английский