Starting with Sustainability: Utilizing food Wastes as Nursery Feed for Black Solder Fly Neonates DOI Creative Commons
Qihui Zhang,

Nicole Li Ying Lee,

Phira Unadirekkul

et al.

Waste and Biomass Valorization, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 2661 - 2669

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Abstract With black soldier fly (BSF) larvae being recognized as effective waste convertors, the global market for BSF industry is projected to grow substantially in coming decade. However, using non-waste materials bioconversion process increases environmental footprint of [e.g.: chicken feed (CF) primary neonatal nursery meal]. In this study, we first tested if industrial food wastes (i.e., okara, biscuit meal, dried fish, coconut.) can be substitute diets neonates. Next, three formulated meals based on nutritional properties well-performing from test/previous literatures. test, observed significant differences growth when were directly used meals, and initial weight neonates influenced development time larvae, with smaller exhibiting prolonged larval duration. contrast, performed well promoting neonates, showed no difference by day eight post-nursery rearing. summary, our findings indicate that meeting specific requirements, made could serve a viable replacement CF resulting boost sustainability industry. Graphical

Language: Английский

Impact of Rearing Substrates on Black Soldier Fly Growth and Fertility: A Semi-Industrial Scale Study to Optimize Egg Collection DOI Creative Commons
Qihui Zhang, Nalini Puniamoorthy

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 142 - 142

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Juvenile environments can influence adult phenotypes in holometabolous insects. This study examines the effects of larval rearing substrates on reproductive outcomes Black Soldier Flies (BSFs) at a semi-industrial scale. Larvae were reared five substrates. Larval growth, size, and performance monitored, with specific focus egg production hatching rates across 17 continuous collection days. Egg was positively correlated female body weight, while male weight appeared to peak. Extended feeding stages shorter non-feeding periods associated an earlier onset egg-laying, suggesting life-history traits as predictors for timing. Diets high carbohydrates but low protein fat influenced production, diets rich both negatively affected all measured parameters. Notably, higher fecundity did not necessarily correlate fertility (i.e., more viable larvae bioconversion), highlighting need optimize quantity hatchability maximize productivity. These findings provide valuable insights optimizing nutrition practices, enhancing efficiency overall productivity industrial BSF farming.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Evolution under Domestication: Genetic differentiation in black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) populations subjected to recent selective breeding DOI Creative Commons
Shaktheeshwari Silvaraju, Rebecca Ker Loh, Sandra Kittelmann

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

Abstract The black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens ) is widely utilized in commercial and research applications for waste bioconversion sustainable protein production. However, prolonged captivity artificial selection can shape genetic diversity, potentially influencing adaptability long-term population stability. This study examined how recent selective breeding, drift, relaxed have influenced differentiation BSF populations over a short timeframe. Using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 ( CO1 genome-wide RAD sequencing, structure, heterozygosity, signatures across eleven populations, including selectively bred, wild-derived, strains were analysed. Results revealed that rapid shifts occurred within bred (LA to LE) ∼5 years, driven by selection, subsequent relaxation, environmental adaptation. decline effective size (Ne) observed post-COVID-19 suggests bottlenecks, which may further contributed drift differentiation. While domesticated exhibited reduced diversity signs of inbreeding, wild-type under retained higher heterozygosity. Genome-wide analyses identified adaptive divergence among with balancing sweeps shaping variation. Notably, despite shared ancestry, persisted reinforcing pressures continue influence their genomic landscape even after targeted was relaxed. These findings underscore the need monitor breeding programs maintain adaptability, enhance resilience, mitigate risks from collapse.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Does What You Eat Affect How You Mate? Disentangling the Interactions Between Diet-Induced Phenotypic Plasticity and Adult Reproductive Strategies in Black Soldier Flies DOI Open Access
Qihui Zhang,

K.H. Ng,

Wells Shijian Chin

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Phenotypic plasticity enables organisms to response environmental variations by generating a range of phenotypes from single genotype. In holometabolous insects, traits that influence larval may hold relevance for adult life history strategies. We present comprehensive investigation into phenotypic in black soldier flies, species known its efficient waste-to-biomass conversion the stage. Here, we document sex-specific plastic responses and reproductive strategies shaped diets. examined including body size, organ development, sperm length, mating behaviours, egg production other parameters across different treatments. Our findings reveal notable differences plasticity, with females showing increased investment. Furthermore, males differed starkly allometric growth weight ratio organs. Diets facilitated longer male lifespans also prompted earlier emergence suggesting an interplay between lifespan degree protandry. This maximizes overlap female lifespans, thereby enhancing success diverse conditions. results where diets producing smaller adults, organs, shorter correlated significantly enhanced effort performance. study highlights complex interactions nutrition, strategies, has significant implications insect bioconversion industries.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Genetics, age, and diet influence gut bacterial communities and performance of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) DOI Creative Commons
Shaktheeshwari Silvaraju, Qi‐Hui Zhang, Sandra Kittelmann

et al.

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

The gut microbiota of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL, Hermetia illucens) play a crucial role in recycling various organic waste streams. This capability is linked to the presence potential common core BSFL. However, subjective thresholds for defining taxa and difficulty separating genetic environmental influences have prevented clear consensus literature. We analysed bacterial communities two genetically distinct BSF lines (wild type (WT) lab-adapted line (LD)) raised on ten different diets based agricultural by-products food Southeast Asia.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Genetics, age, and diet influence gut bacterial communities and performance of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) DOI
Shaktheeshwari Silvaraju, Qi‐Hui Zhang, Sandra Kittelmann

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 24, 2024

Abstract Background The gut microbiota of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL, Hermetia illucens) play a crucial role in recycling various organic waste streams. This capability is linked to the presence potential common core BSFL. However, subjective thresholds for defining taxa and difficulty separating genetic environmental influences have prevented clear consensus literature. We analysed bacterial communities two genetically distinct BSF lines (wild type (WT) lab-adapted line (LD)) raised on ten different diets based agricultural by-products food Southeast Asia. Results High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that were significantly influenced by genetics (p = 0.001), diet (plant/meat-based; p larval age their interactions 0.002). led us investigate both lineage-specific taxa. At strict > 97% prevalence threshold, four identified: Providencia_A_732258, an unclassified genus within family Enterococcaceae, Morganella, Enterococcus_H_360604. A relaxed threshold (> 80% prevalence) extended include other such as Klebsiella, Proteus, Scrofimicrobium. Our data suggest Scrofimicrobium, Corynebacterium, Vagococcus_B, Lysinibacillus_304693 (all LD), Paenibacillus_J_366884 are members rather than 90% either LD or WT, with between ≤ 0.05)). Positive correlations observed several genera performance LD, typical highly optimized line. Interestingly, only Providencia appeared most aspects lineages. Conclusion study demonstrates factors, composition, age, interactions. identified microbiota, emphasizing background's role. Future studies should apply standardized high at least unless there valid reason relaxation sample exclusion. consistent association spp. across highlights BSFL ecosystem.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Comprehensive industry-relevant black soldier fly bioconversion characterisation by a novel chamber system DOI Creative Commons

Agneta Fuhrmann,

Moritz Gold,

L H Lau Heckmann

et al.

Waste Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 409 - 418

Published: Dec. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Whole-genome sequencing of two captive black soldier fly populations: Implications for commercial production DOI Creative Commons
Zexi Cai, Laura Hansen, Stine Frey Laursen

et al.

Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 116(5), P. 110891 - 110891

Published: June 22, 2024

Black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens) is a promising insect species for food and feed production as its larvae can convert different organic waste to high-value protein. Selective breeding one way optimize production, but the potential of only starting be explored not yet utilized BSF. To assist in monitoring captive population implementing program, genomics tools are imperative. We conducted whole genome sequencing two populations separated by geographical distance - Denmark (DK) Texas, USA (TX). Various genetics analyses revealed moderate genetic differentiation between populations. Moreover, we observed higher inbreeding DK population, detection subpopulation within aligned well with recent foundation from Additionally, generated gene ontology annotation variants wider applications. Our findings establish robust marker set research genetics, facilitating laying groundwork practical programs

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Starting with Sustainability: Utilizing food Wastes as Nursery Feed for Black Solder Fly Neonates DOI Creative Commons
Qihui Zhang,

Nicole Li Ying Lee,

Phira Unadirekkul

et al.

Waste and Biomass Valorization, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 2661 - 2669

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Abstract With black soldier fly (BSF) larvae being recognized as effective waste convertors, the global market for BSF industry is projected to grow substantially in coming decade. However, using non-waste materials bioconversion process increases environmental footprint of [e.g.: chicken feed (CF) primary neonatal nursery meal]. In this study, we first tested if industrial food wastes (i.e., okara, biscuit meal, dried fish, coconut.) can be substitute diets neonates. Next, three formulated meals based on nutritional properties well-performing from test/previous literatures. test, observed significant differences growth when were directly used meals, and initial weight neonates influenced development time larvae, with smaller exhibiting prolonged larval duration. contrast, performed well promoting neonates, showed no difference by day eight post-nursery rearing. summary, our findings indicate that meeting specific requirements, made could serve a viable replacement CF resulting boost sustainability industry. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

1