Seasonal and ecological determinants of wild boar rooting on priority protected grasslands DOI Creative Commons
Martina Calosi, Chiara Gabbrielli, Lorenzo Lazzeri

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Abstract Wild ungulates can influence various trophic levels, regulating carnivore abundance as well affecting habitat structure. Conservation problems arise when high ungulate densities threaten species or habitats with conservation concern. Assessing factors influencing the intensity of their impact is important to identify appropriate measures enhancing protected habitats. We assessed seasonal and ecological wild boar Sus scrofa pressure on EU priority grasslands in three areas central Italy, by modelling effects habitat/topography-related variables, population density, indices rooting activity. seasonally surveyed 136 sampling plots from spring 2019 2021 estimate rooting, we used faecal counts summer. Estimates density varied 3.5 22.2 individuals/km 2 1.5 22.2% rooted ground, respectively. detected a clear trend activity, that peaked autumn winter. also found positive correlation between spring-summer summer across sites. Rooting was negatively related local extent rock cover increased size grassland patch percentage forest around each plot. These results emphasise tendency exploit feeding sites ecotonal areas, i.e., at interface meadows, which maximises security ease finding food resources. Actions aiming protection focal plants habitats, reducing densities, are supported.

Language: Английский

Beyond ungulate density: Prey switching and selection by the wolf in a recolonised area DOI Creative Commons
Lorenzo Lazzeri,

Irene Belardi,

Giada Pacini

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54, P. e03069 - e03069

Published: July 2, 2024

The analysis of mechanisms underlying prey use and selection is crucial for understanding the potential apex predators to shape ecological processes across trophic levels. Significant implications conservation management ecosystems can ensue, especially in human-modified landscapes characterised by recent recovery predators, such as those Europe. Generalist may show frequency-dependent selection, leading switching; however, there no ubiquitous support positive relationships between abundance selection. In a protected area recently recolonised wolf Canis lupus hosting abundant wild (>20 individuals/km2), we assessed (>3000 scats analysed) throughout 7 years since settlement (April 2016-to-March 2023), during which density was relatively stable. Wolf diet dominated boar Sus scrofa fallow deer Dama dama (>70 % occurrences volume); roe Capreolus capreolus coypu Myocastor coypus represented main secondary prey. showed clear switching study. first two years, positively selected. Then, replaced prey, selected, with progressive decrease years. Selection indices were negatively associated deer. relationship population inconsistent species, being negative weakly deer, although latter sharp decline area. Concurrent studies increased diurnal activity consequent reduced temporal overlap this predator, suggesting avoidance. By supporting minor role mediating switching, our results suggest major other factors (e.g., antipredator behavioural responses). Alternative substantial are important buffer not only towards changes but also effects potentially reducing detectability, e.g., behaviour.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Seasonal and Ecological Determinants of Wild Boar Rooting on Priority Protected Grasslands DOI Creative Commons
Martina Calosi, Chiara Gabbrielli, Lorenzo Lazzeri

et al.

Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74(2), P. 268 - 281

Published: March 14, 2024

Abstract Wild ungulates can influence various trophic levels, regulating carnivore abundance and affecting habitat structure. Conservation problems arise when high ungulate densities threaten species or habitats with conservation concern. Assessing factors influencing the intensity of their impact is important to identify appropriate measures enhancing conservation. We assessed wild boar Sus scrofa pressure on EU protected grasslands in three areas central Italy, by modelling effects environmental variables density rooting activity. seasonally estimated 126 sampling plots from spring 2019 2021, we used faeces counts estimate summer densities. Estimates varied 3.5 22.2 individuals/km 2 1.1 19.2%, respectively. detected a clear seasonal trend activity, that peaked autumn winter. also found strongly positive correlation between spring-summer density, across sites. Rooting was negatively related local extent rock cover increased 1 month-cumulative rainfall, perimeter grassland patch, forest around plots. These results emphasise tendency exploit feeding sites ecotonal areas, i.e., at interface meadows, which maximises security ease finding food resources. Actions aiming protection focal plants habitats, as well reducing presence, are supported (e.g. fencing and/or targeting population control vulnerable patches).

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Human avoidance, selection for darkness and prey activity explain wolf diel activity in a highly cultivated landscape DOI Creative Commons
Peter Sunde,

Sofie Amund Kjeldgaard,

Rasmus Mohr Mortensen

et al.

Wildlife Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(6)

Published: May 15, 2024

Wildlife that share habitats with humans limited options for spatial avoidance must either tolerate frequent human encounters or concentrate their activity into those periods the least risk of encountering people. Based on 5259 camera trap images adult wolves from eight territories, we analyzed extent to which diel patterns in a highly cultivated landscape extensive public access (Denmark) could be explained variation darkness, activity, and prey (deer) activity. A resource selection function contrasted every observation (use) 24 alternative hourly observations same day (availability), revealed correlated all three factors simultaneously having strongest effect (negative), followed by darkness (positive) deer (positive). model incorporating these effects had lower parsimony classified use availability just as well ‘circadian' smoothed use‐availability ratio time day. Most was supporting notion nocturnality (proportion registered at night vs. equinox) is proxy temporal avoidance. Contrary our expectations, were no more nocturnal territories unrestricted than where restricted roads, possibly because few possibilities walk hundred meters without crossing roads. Overall, Danish wolf packs 6.5 (95% CI: 4.6–9.6) times active daylight, make them amongst most nocturnally reported so far. These results confirm prediction avoidance, invest

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Comparison of three indirect methods for density estimation of the wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) in different habitats in South Korea DOI Creative Commons
Sang‐Moo Lee,

Eun-Seob Song,

Tae Young Choi

et al.

The European Zoological Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 91(1), P. 674 - 686

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Assessing trends in population size of three unmarked species: A comparison of a multi‐species N‐mixture model and random encounter models DOI Creative Commons
Martijn Bollen, Pablo Palencia, Joaquín Vicente

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Estimation of changes in abundances and densities is essential for the research, management, conservation animal populations. Recently, technological advances have facilitated surveillance populations through adoption passive sensors, such as camera traps (CT). Several methods, including random encounter model (REM), been developed estimating unmarked but require additional information. Hierarchical abundance models, N-mixture (NMM), can estimate without performing fieldwork do not explicitly area effectively sampled. This obscures interpretation its requires users to focus on relative measures instead. Hence, main objective our study evaluate if REM NMM yield consistent results qualitatively. Therefore, we compare trends: (i) between species, (ii) years (iii) across obtained from annual density/abundance estimates three species (fox, wild boar red deer) central Spain monitored by a trapping network five consecutive winter periods. We reveal that provided density same order magnitude boar, foxes deer. Assuming Poisson detection process was important control inflation frequently detected species. Both methods consistently ranked (between trend), did always agree ranks yearly within single population nor linear trends (across trend). Our suggest are generally when range variability large, become inconsistent smaller.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Wolf and wild boar in the Alps: trophic, temporal and spatial interactions in an Alpine protected area DOI Creative Commons
Valerio Orazi,

Arianna Balacchi,

Irene Belardi

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55, P. e03253 - e03253

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Do dholes segregate themselves from their sympatrids? Habitat use and carnivore co-existence in the tropical forest DOI
Urjit Bhatt, Salvador Lyngdoh

Mammalian Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 103(6), P. 591 - 601

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Seasonal and ecological determinants of wild boar rooting on priority protected grasslands DOI Creative Commons
Martina Calosi, Chiara Gabbrielli, Lorenzo Lazzeri

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Abstract Wild ungulates can influence various trophic levels, regulating carnivore abundance as well affecting habitat structure. Conservation problems arise when high ungulate densities threaten species or habitats with conservation concern. Assessing factors influencing the intensity of their impact is important to identify appropriate measures enhancing protected habitats. We assessed seasonal and ecological wild boar Sus scrofa pressure on EU priority grasslands in three areas central Italy, by modelling effects habitat/topography-related variables, population density, indices rooting activity. seasonally surveyed 136 sampling plots from spring 2019 2021 estimate rooting, we used faecal counts summer. Estimates density varied 3.5 22.2 individuals/km 2 1.5 22.2% rooted ground, respectively. detected a clear trend activity, that peaked autumn winter. also found positive correlation between spring-summer summer across sites. Rooting was negatively related local extent rock cover increased size grassland patch percentage forest around each plot. These results emphasise tendency exploit feeding sites ecotonal areas, i.e., at interface meadows, which maximises security ease finding food resources. Actions aiming protection focal plants habitats, reducing densities, are supported.

Language: Английский

Citations

1