Elimination of Candida Sepsis and Reducing Several Morbidities in a Tertiary NICU in Greece After Changing Antibiotic, Ventilation, and Nutrition Protocols

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 159 - 159

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Background/Objectives: In recent years, strategies for improving outcomes in preterm neonates have been implemented various aspects of neonatal care. This study aims to determine the prevalence, microbiology, and late-onset sepsis (LOS) incidence other morbidities very following implementation specific infection control, enteral feeding, ventilation strategies. Methods: retrospectively compared morbidity mortality with a 23–32 weeks gestational age over two periods, period A (2010–2014),and B (2018–2022). series changes were introduced between these including restrictive use antibiotics, aggressive wider non-invasive modalities. Results: total 310 included: 163 147 B. The mean duration antibiotic treatment was reduced from 4 ± 2 1 days 5 3 suspected early-onset LOS, respectively, 11.2 16 confirmed LOS periods. 24% 18%, while, multiple episodes, it 26% 11% periods B, respectively. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) independent predictors both rate Candida infections declined 9.2% 0.7%. full achieved after median 7.5 10 (p = 0.001), resulting fewer TPN 0.008). Episodes feeding intolerance necrotizing enterocolitis I (NEC I) significantly < 0.001). Incidence intraventricular hemorrhage decreased. Conclusions: After changing antibiotic, ventilation, protocols, almost completely eliminated. episodes Early without adverse effects, food observed. elimination appears feasible when stewardship is conjunction interventions an NICU.

Language: Английский

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Improving the quality of donor human milk to take advantage of more of the health benefits of mother's own milk composition

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Purpose of review Pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) is the recommended supplement when there inadequate volume mother's own (MOM) for very low birth weight (<1500 g, VLBW) infants. Differences in composition these milks may impact growth, morbidities or long-term development The aim this to highlight current trends understanding compositional differences between MOM and PDHM, technological advances processing infant outcomes VLBW infants are fed milks. Recent findings Reported PDHM due several factors including how collected, sampled analysis, processed. Systematic reviews primary research studies demonstrate that reduces risk necrotizing enterocolitis but also associated with slower postnatal growth. Work ongoing determine if alternative approaches can improve thereby growth neurodevelopment reduce morbidity. Summary a key component feeding MOM. developments optimize source nutrition bioactive compounds while further limitations its use.

Language: Английский

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Butyrate Producers in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Neither Culture-Proven Sepsis nor Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1329 - 1329

Published: April 11, 2025

Background/Objectives: Severe infection (sInfection; either late-onset culture-proven sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants increases mortality rates and may show long-term progression. The fecal microbiome composition VLBW with without sInfection was classified the non-sInfection groups. Methods: Gut microbiomes, secondary information from a previous randomized trial, were analyzed using QIIME 2 software. biodiversity abundance of gut microbiota between groups compared. Results: Fifty-one neonates included (n = 9) 42) groups; no significant differences observed both alpha beta diversities. Analysis relative revealed that groups, predominant phylum, class, genus Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Klebsiella, respectively. main group Faecalibacterium, Clostridium butyricum, Bacteroides fragilis. Clostridium_sensu_stricto _1 significantly more abundant than group. Conclusions: Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 Considering potential taxa as synbiotics (correlations among prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics), therapeutics be useful for preventing managing enterocolitis infants.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Clinical Use of Probiotics on Preterm-Related Outcomes in Infants with Extremely Low Birth Weight

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2995 - 2995

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Background: Preterm birth significantly contributes to mortality and morbidities, with recent studies linking these issues gut microbiota imbalances. Probiotic supplementation shows promise in mitigating adverse outcomes preterm infants, but optimal timing guidelines remain unclear. This study assesses the benefits of probiotic for infants without consistent guidelines. Methods: retrospective examined extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) neonatal intensive care units from 2017 2021. Mortality preterm-related were compared between receiving probiotics those not. Subgroup analyses based on initiation conducted: early (≤14 days), late (>14 non-probiotic groups. Results: The included 330 ELBW infants: 206 received (60 early, 146 late), while 124 did was associated lower overall (adjusted OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09–0.48) decreased necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or late-onset sepsis (LOS) 0.12, 0.03–0.45). Early reduced mortality, NEC/LOS-related NEC/LOS-unrelated mortality. Late use also expedited full enteral feeding achievement. Conclusions: reduces improves tolerance infants. Establishing this population is crucial.

Language: Английский

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Neonatal gut microbiota profile and the association with retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Abstract Background To explore the role of gut microbiota in preterm infants at high risk developing retinopathy prematurity (ROP). Methods Preterm with gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks and/or birth weight (BW) 1500 g born between 2020 and 2021 were prospectively enrolled. Their faecal samples collected analysed different postnatal ages life using 16S rRNA gene sequencing on Miseq platform. The main outcome measures microbial diversity, taxonomy, relative abundance, bacterial predicted functional analysis, their associations ROP groups. Subgroup analyses performed by matching GA BW across Results A total 268 stool from 110 infants, including 13 type 1 ROP, 44 2 or mild 53 without ROP. Type showed no significant difference diversity up to 8 ( p = 0.057), while groups displayed increased 0.0015 0.049, respectively). Bifidobacterium genera was notably less abundant group first week 0.022) remained low subsequent weeks. Predicted analysis revealed enriched pathways membrane transport, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid replication repair. Conclusions Reduced may be associated development high‐risk infants. Further research is needed comprehend how early‐life reduction affects metabolism targeting microbiome help for prevention management.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 570 - 570

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease that occurs predominantly in premature infants and characterized by the inflammation necrosis of intestine, showing high morbidity mortality rates. Despite decades research efforts, specific treatment currently lacking, preventive strategies are mainstays care. This review aims to help understand complex interplay between gut microbiota their metabolites NEC pathogenesis. In particular, we focused on how these factors can influence health, immune responses, intestinal barrier integrity.

Language: Английский

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