Crop Landraces and Indigenous Varieties: A Valuable Source of Genes for Plant Breeding

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 758 - 758

Published: March 7, 2024

Landraces and indigenous varieties comprise valuable sources of crop species diversity. Their utilization in plant breeding may lead to increased yield enhanced quality traits, as well resilience various abiotic biotic stresses. Recently, new approaches based on the rapid advancement genomic technologies such deciphering pangenomes, multi-omics tools, marker-assisted selection (MAS), genome-wide association studies (GWAS), CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing greatly facilitated exploitation landraces modern breeding. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview implementation highlight their importance pinpointing genetic basis desirable traits annual, perennial herbaceous, woody cultivated Mediterranean region. The need for further employment advanced -omic unravel full potential underutilized diversity is also indicated. Ultimately, large amount data emerging from investigation reveals source genes role mitigating ongoing risks posed by climate change agriculture food security highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Carbon mitigation in agriculture: Pioneering technologies for a sustainable food system

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 104477 - 104477

Published: April 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advancing horizons in vegetable cultivation: a journey from ageold practices to high-tech greenhouse cultivation—a review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 15, 2024

Vegetable cultivation stands as a pivotal element in the agricultural transformation illustrating complex interplay between technological advancements, evolving environmental perspectives, and growing global demand for food. This comprehensive review delves into broad spectrum of developments modern vegetable practices. Rooted historical traditions, our exploration commences with conventional methods traces progression toward contemporary practices emphasizing critical shifts that have refined techniques outcomes. A significant focus is placed on evolution seed selection quality assessment underlining importance treatments enhancing both germination plant growth. Transitioning from seeds to soil, we investigate transformative journey traditional soil-based adoption soilless cultures utilization sustainable substrates like biochar coir. The also examines controls highlighting use advanced greenhouse technologies artificial intelligence optimizing growth conditions. We underscore increasing sophistication water management strategies irrigation systems intelligent moisture sensing. Additionally, this paper discusses intricate aspects precision fertilization, integrated pest management, expanding influence regulators cultivation. special segment dedicated innovations, such integration drones, robots, state-of-the-art digital monitoring systems, process. While acknowledging these realistically addresses challenges economic considerations involved adopting cutting-edge technologies. In summary, not only provides guide current state but serves forward-looking reference role continuous research anticipation future field.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Breeding and Drought Tolerance in Chickpea

Life, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1846 - 1846

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

L. is the third greatest widely planted imperative pulse crop worldwide, and it belongs to Leguminosae family. Drought utmost common abiotic factor on plants, distressing their water status limiting growth development. Chickpea genotypes have natural ability fight drought stress using certain strategies viz., escape, avoidance tolerance. Assorted breeding methods, including hybridization, mutation, marker-aided breeding, genome sequencing along with omics approaches, could be used improve chickpea germplasm lines(s) against stress. Root features, for instance depth root biomass, been recognized as beneficial morphological factors managing terminal tolerance in chickpea. Marker-aided selection, example, a genomics-assisted (GAB) strategy that can considerably increase accuracy competence. These technologies, notably marker-assisted omics, plant physiology knowledge, underlined importance of future improvement programmes generate drought-tolerant cultivars(s).

Language: Английский

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Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein and hairy roots: a perfect match for gene functional analysis and crop improvement

Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 102876 - 102876

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) gene editing has become a powerful tool in genome manipulation for crop improvement. Advances omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, allow the identification of causal genes that can be used to improve crops. However, functional validation these genetic components remains challenge due lack efficient protocols engineering. Hairy roots using CRISPR/Cas, coupled with analyses, provide platform rapid, precise, cost-effective analysis genes. Here, we describe common requirements editing, focused on transformation recalcitrant legumes, highlight great opportunities hairy offers future

Language: Английский

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Nutritional, functional, and bioactive properties of african underutilized legumes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 14, 2023

Globally, legumes are vital constituents of diet and perform critical roles in maintaining well-being owing to the dense nutritional contents functional properties their seeds. While much emphasis has been placed on major grain over years, neglected underutilized (NULs) gaining significant recognition as probable crops alleviate malnutrition give a boost food security Africa. Consumption these associated with several health-promoting benefits can be utilized foods due rich dietary fibers, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), proteins/essential amino acids, micro-nutrients, bioactive compounds. Despite plethora benefits, have not received research attention compared common mainstream legumes, thus hindering adoption utilization. Consequently, efforts geared toward improvement, utilization, incorporation into agriculture Africa more convincing than ever. This work reviews some selected NULs (Adzuki beans ( Vigna angularis ), African yam bean Sphenostylis stenocarpa Bambara groundnut subterranea Jack Canavalia ensiformis Kidney Phaseolus vulgaris Lima lunatus Marama Tylosema esculentum Mung bean, radiata Rice Umbellata Winged Psophocarpus tetragonolobus )), nutritional, properties. Furthermore, we highlight prospects current challenges utilization discusses strategies facilitate exploitation only sources nutrients, but also integration for development cheap accessible foods.

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated lipoxygenase gene-editing in yellow pea leads to major changes in fatty acid and flavor profiles

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Although pulses are nutritious foods containing high amounts of protein, fiber and phytochemicals, their consumption use in the food industry have been limited due to formation unappealing flavors/aromas described as beany, green, grassy. Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes prevalent among pulse seeds, activity can lead specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from certain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). As a widespread issue legumes, including soybean, these VOCs linked taste perception processed seeds.

Language: Английский

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Advances in disease and pest resistance in faba bean

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 135(11), P. 3735 - 3756

Published: Feb. 19, 2022

Language: Английский

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Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.)—A Sustainable and Resilient Answer to Climate Challenges

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1324 - 1324

Published: May 30, 2022

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is an annual cool-season grain legume widely cultivated in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Mediterranean region. It a stress-resilient crop with high nutritional value, considered promising source of traits to breed for adaptation/mitigation climate change effects. also reported as suitable more sustainable production systems such intercropping. In this review, we elaborate integrative perspective including not only agronomic-based but variety-breeding-based strategy grass deal impacts, summarizing current knowledge on biotic/abiotic stress resistance. Additionally, highlight importance implementing fundamental techniques create diversity (as interspecific hybridization or gene editing) increase genetic gains speed breeding efficient identification targets via genomics) development multiple stress-resistant varieties that simultaneously provide yield quality stability under vulnerable environments.

Language: Английский

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The Exploitation of Orphan Legumes for Food, Income, and Nutrition Security in Sub-Saharan Africa

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 17, 2022

Poverty, food, and nutrition insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have become major concerns recent times. The effects of climate change, drought, unpredictable rainfall patterns threaten food production sustainable agriculture. More so, insurgency, youth restiveness, politico-economic instability amidst a burgeoning population requiring sufficient healthy diet remain front-burner issues the region. Overdependence on only few staple crops is increasingly promoting near extinction many crops, especially orphan legumes, which possess immense potentials as protein nutritional security crops. are declining yield partly to their inability adapt continuously changing climatic conditions. Remarkably, legumes climate-smart with enormous agronomic features foster livelihood. Research efforts these not attained reasonable comparative status most commercial Though research organizations scientists made promote improvement utilization there still more be done. These legumes' vast genetic resources economic utility grossly under-exploited, but values promising impacts immeasurable. Given United Nations development goals (SDGs) zero hunger, improved nutrition, health, agriculture, need introduce into systems SSA other poverty-prone regions world now compelling than ever. This review unveils inherent needing focus for exploitation viz-a-viz cultivation, commercialization, social acceptance. this article discusses some nutraceutical global adaptability, modern plant breeding strategies that could deployed develop superior phenotypes enrich landraces. Advanced omics technologies, speed breeding, well application genome editing techniques, significantly enhance useful underutilized legumes. Efforts regard challenges approaches were also discussed.

Language: Английский

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