Seasonal Effects of Nakdong River Freshwater Inflow and Coastal Environmental Changes on Phytoplankton Community Structure, Including Harmful Species, in Eastern Jinhae Bay, Korea

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 669 - 669

Published: March 26, 2025

Rainfall-induced freshwater influx is a major nutrient source in estuarine and coastal waters, often driving changes phytoplankton community structure blooms. In Jinhae Bay of Korea, critical area for shellfish aquaculture, the interaction between Nakdong River discharge Tsushima Warm Current creates frontal zone conducive to proliferation. This study investigated seasonal variation communities, including harmful toxin-producing species, relation environmental factors from February 2022 November 2023 Bay. Except summer increase certain dinoflagellates, diatoms, Chaetoceros spp., Pseudo-nitzschia Skeletonema dominated across seasons. addition, River, particularly nitrate + nitrite silicate (p < 0.001), was key driver structure. Spatially, communities differed inner (St. 1 4) outer 2 3) areas bay, likely due influences river discharge, Current, tidal currents. Among algal blooms causative dinoflagellate Margalefidnium polykrikoides correlated with water temperature, exhibiting higher densities summer. contrast, Akashiwo sanguinea mainly observed winter. we found that such as Alexandrium catenella, Dinophysis acuminata, Gonyaulax spinifera, were most prevalent spring summer, their appearance linked complex interactions among influx, current dynamics. Our findings underscore role bay-specific oceanographic conditions, shaped by patterns, conjunction riverine inputs, provides valuable baseline data understanding harmful/toxic microalgal dynamics offers insights effective ecosystem management conservation along Korean Peninsula.

Language: Английский

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Microcystis strains in Lake Erie explain interactions between a selective filter feeder and the phytoplankton community

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advancing harmful algal bloom predictions using chlorophyll-a as an Indicator: Combining deep learning and EnKF data assimilation method

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 382, P. 125441 - 125441

Published: April 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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New tools and recommendations for a better management of harmful algal blooms under the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive

Frontiers in Ocean Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Marine harmful algal blooms (HABs), caused by various aquatic microalgae, pose significant risks to ecosystems, some socio-economic activities and human health. Traditionally managed as a public health issue through reactive control measures such beach closures, seafood trade bans or closure of mollusc production areas, the multifaceted linkages HABs with environmental factors require more comprehensive ecosystem-based management approach tools support policies. This study promotes coordinated understanding implementation HAB assessment under Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), targeting achievement Good Environmental Status (GES) in European marine waters. We introduce two novel tools: GES4HABs (GES for HABs) decision tree, MAMBO (environMental mAtrix Management BlOoms), matrix. These aim streamline reporting prioritize resource allocation interventions. The tree defines sequence steps identify strategies according their state (evaluated against predefined baselines) causes (anthropic natural). is proposed address different interaction pressures. matrix utilizes axes: natural trophic status level influence, capturing major aspects nutrient supply. While acknowledging limitations this simplified framework, categorizes regions into quadrants varying viability. Regions high influence eutrophic conditions are identified most suitable effective intervention, whereas minimal mixed deemed less amenable active management. In addition, we explore describe indicators, monitoring methods initiatives that may be relevant assessments associated pressures impacts MSFD reporting. Finally, provide recommendations promote consideration strategies, intensify efforts harmonizing defining best practices analysis, methodologies, foster international cross-sectoral coordination optimize resources, roles.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific genetic diversity and coexistence in phytoplankton populations

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(6), P. 1450 - 1463

Published: May 4, 2024

Abstract The past two decades have seen a drastic increase in the availability and use of genetic techniques to study phytoplankton communities. As result, it is now well documented that populations are genetically diverse, despite predominantly asexual reproduction minute morphological variation. Genetic variation can lead also phenotype, some traits vary more among genotypes than between species. Trait‐based approaches tackle this by focusing on rather However, trait‐based models often difficulty predicting explaining huge trait‐diversity coexisting individuals competing for same few resources. Thus, we ask question: How do hundreds, if not thousands, coexist highly competitive environment? In review, gather information phenotypic variations elaborate three mechanisms which broad intraspecific diversity may be possible: neutral mutations, environmental fluctuations, trade‐offs traits. These all been applied an interspecies level, discuss their genotypes. We find almost exclusively studied blooming species clonal frequently measure above 0.95 (i.e., 95% sampled different). seems stable throughout blooms, suggesting exclusion low or new material being introduced into populations. Further, high trait‐variation several key strains but neglected studies phytoplankton, making coexistence difficult predict.

Language: Английский

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Reviews and syntheses: Abrupt ocean biogeochemical change under human-made climatic forcing – warming, acidification, and deoxygenation

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Abstract. Abrupt changes in ocean biogeochemical variables occur as a result of human-induced climate forcing well those which are more gradual and over longer timescales. These abrupt have not yet been identified quantified to the same extent ones. We review synthesise biogeochemistry under climatic forcing. specifically address carbon oxygen cycles because related processes acidification deoxygenation provide important ecosystem hazards. Since depend also on physical environment, we describe relevant warming, circulation, sea ice. include an overview reversibility or irreversibility marine changes. Important implications for ecosystems discussed. conclude that there is evidence increasing occurrence consequence rising greenhouse gas emissions.

Language: Английский

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Variation in resource competition traits among Microcystis strains is affected by their microbiomes

mLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 401 - 415

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract Freshwater harmful algal blooms are often dominated by Microcystis , a phylogenetically cohesive group of cyanobacteria marked extensive genetic and physiological diversity. We have previously shown that this diversity the presence microbiome heterotrophic bacteria influences competitive interactions with eukaryotic phytoplankton. In study, we sought to explain these observations characterizing Monod equation parameters for resource usage (maximum growth rate μ max half‐saturation value K s, quota) as function N P levels four strains (NIES‐843, PCC 9701, 7806 [WT], Δ mcyB ) in absence derived from isolated Lake Erie. Results indicated limited differences maximum rates but more pronounced values among strains. The largest impact was reducing minimal nitrogen concentration sustaining half saturation values, variable results depending on strain. also differed each other their quotas extent which affected them. Our data highlight importance altering ‐intrinsic traits, strain hierarchies, thus bloom dynamics. As quota, s commonly used models blooms, our suggest model improvement may be possible incorporating genotype dependencies resource‐use parameters.

Language: Английский

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Mitigating the Impact of Harmful Algal Blooms on Aquaculture. Abagold: A Case Study

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Seafood, especially from the ocean, is now seen as a greener and more sustainable source of protein causing an increase in its demand. This has also led to people making choices towards seafood replacement carbon intensive sources. As result, demand for growing, Aquaculture industry required their produce while keeping safe sustainable. There are many challenges faced by aquaculture meeting these increased demands. One such challenge presence harmful algal blooms (HAB) ocean which can have major impact on aquatic life. In this paper we look at mitigating strategies. We will focus Abagold Limited, land-based marine business that specializes large scale production abalone (Haliotis midae) based Hermanus, South Africa. HABs considered threat commercial farming along South-African coastline requires continuous monitoring. The most recent HAB was February-April 2019, area experienced severe red-tide event with predominantly Lingulodinium polyedrum. present some mitigation strategies employing digital technologies future proofing industry.

Language: Английский

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Combined effect of warming, nutrients, and species pool size on the seasonal variability of phytoplankton composition: A modeling perspective

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(5), P. 1056 - 1069

Published: March 19, 2024

Abstract The anticipated long‐term rise in temperature can have numerous effects on freshwater phytoplankton, however, there is a great deal of uncertainty about how biogeochemical processes modify community functioning under warming climate. Previous works regarding large shallow lake and mesocosm study showed positive relationship between the temporal variability phytoplankton composition mean temperature, which might be sign warming‐stimulated instability ecosystem processes. To elucidate whether these observations are part more general phenomenon, we combined numerical model describing dependence algal growth nutrient concentration with multispecies, multi‐nutrient model. We ran simulations representative changes communities randomized initial species different scenarios (current annual pattern increased 1°C, 2°C, or 3°C), various levels nitrogen phosphorus supply degrees those supplies. outputs that seasonal enhanced by through mechanistic links availability, species‐specific rates, but rate increase also dependent ratios size pool. Moreover, loads compositional variability, depended level supply. results our hint impact climate change eutrophication dynamics intricate than spatiotemporally limited field experimental would suggest.

Language: Английский

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The aquaculture industry as a global network of perturbation experiments

Limnology and Oceanography Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 317 - 323

Published: April 15, 2024

Aquaculture is a global industry that enriches the surrounding aquatic environment in nutrients, namely carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Because these inputs are spatially temporally defined, cage culture farms act as perturbation experiments for understanding ecological impacts of nutrient enrichment on ecosystems. Individual form an existing, though underutilized, network with established continuous monitoring ecosystem impact metrics. This covers both freshwater marine environments spans numerable environmental gradients. We propose this coverage provides opportunity to better understand heterogenous response context other current changes. With increased data sharing efforts interdisciplinary collaboration, existing expand fundamental diverse enrichment. The industrial production finfish (e.g., salmon, tilapia, carp) has well documented consequences (Ottinger et al. 2016; Carballeira Braña 2021). Negative aquaculture include excessive loading (Islam 2005) subsequent eutrophication, disease introduction (Kennedy 2016), heavy metals pollution (Emenike 2022), assimilation escapee fish into wild populations (Toledo-Guedes 2014). Despite concerns, continued grow recent decades (Naylor 2021, FAO driven by increasing market demands rapidly declining fisheries. pursuit sustainable future critical not only meet food demands, but also support local economies communities. Though no means silver bullet solving systematic inequities, can play role improving public health well-being access nutrition (Gephart 2021), providing employment opportunities, especially women (Gopal 2020), contributing development overall (Subasinghe 2009). In terms United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), truly (i.e., do adversely alter they inhabit) suited tackling several 17 goals, including Zero Hunger (SDG 2) (Stead 2019) those related economic particularly zero poverty, good jobs growth (SDGs 1 8, respectively), many targets indicators associated SDGs (Griffin 2019). addition above costs benefits, we posit global-scale operations constitute untapped research goes beyond study more methods. operations, particular farms, therefore ecology, biogeochemistry, limnology, oceanography (among fields). following sections explore "aquaculture experiments" framework. first identify elements make them candidates replicable, experiment-based research. then potential opportunities enabled framework advance our community biogeochemical cycling, carbon sequestration. "Aquaculture," broadest sense, refers captive rearing over 600 different species (including mollusks, crustaceans, finfish, Troell However, dominated fewer than 30 (FAO resulting reduced heterogeneity farming practices across globally Industry best combined commonly shared sustainability certification criteria mean defined largely comparable effected relatively limited number cultivation methods suggests that, careful consideration, geographically disparate may be interpreted experimental replicates. raised large floating enclosures within larger body water (Fig. 1). from interacts fully cages, rendering treatment effluent organic matter uneaten feed pellets waste) impossible. While potentially deleterious nearly all systems, systems typically problematic because inability treat effluent. Whereas terrestrially sourced nutrients transformed retained overland subsurface flows interact watershed's landscape before encountering riparian zone, pellets, metabolic waste products (both fecal gill excretion) enter pelagic ecosystems without precursive transformations. connectivity makes excellent serving experiments. unique its anthropogenic materials unsustainable eutrophying agriculture, metal contamination mining, microplastic processes hallmarks activities. differs disturbances explicitly quantified producer defined. introduced due profit margin fueled nature which necessitates ratio biomass harvest optimized, thoroughly recorded. allows us accurately quantify using such as: (1) mass balance approaches known elemental content quantity supplied less harvested), (2) comparison near conditions reference (control) sites required regulatory agencies or instances where was sought onset production, pre-production conditions, (3) estimation ratios conversion ratios. Defining spatial boundaries relative parameters interest characterized numerous ways assessing changes column or, commonly, sediment characteristics (Christensen 2000; Castine 2009; Farmaki 2014, among others). Temporal regular intervals supply restocking rates) compared duration (Feng 2022). occupying marine, coastal, inland waters latitudes 2). occurring physical geochemical gradients latitude, temperature, salinity, intensity disturbance, residence time). Furthermore, there legacy common metadata state regulations certifications. prevalence certifications (Osmundsen 2020) hybrid governance third-party certifiers, Vince Haward 2017) resulted wealth collected individual farms. Dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll (a proxy algal abundance), inorganic ammonium nitrate monitored assess impact. Therefore, acts experiments, coupled complimentary work, supplying currently underutilized dataset. Presently, collated dataset exists, being available at scale operations. Increased open platforms would facilitate use advantageous studying latitudes, it equitable application countries, rates certified heavily skewed towards developed economies. For example, list Least Developed Countries Uganda Stewardship Council (ASC) farm. when considering emerging broadly, does indeed provide traditionally data-poor regions, ASC (as initial audit stage) operating Mexico, Honduras, Indonesia, Vietnam. Expanding presented shrimp further benefit given presence Bangladesh, Belize, Guatemala, India, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Mechanisms eutrophication effects have been (Gowen 1994; Smith Schindler 2009, others), even top achieved (Amundsen 2019; Fadum Hall Eutrophication (carbon, phosphorus, micronutrients) mineralized constituents matter) N-rich excretion. Operations supporting year-round, multi-year effectively press experiment (rather alternative "pulse" method experiments). gradually applies (OM) stress drives closer regime shift. causal relationship between availability and/or alleviation limitation accelerated primary productivity established. exception large-scale done Experimental Lakes Area (Emmerton 2015), shift thresholds cascading situ rare. partially paucity eutrophic datasets, span years additions. implications disturbance scale, otherwise unfeasible (given additions needed achieve threshold) environmentally irresponsible unethical (such induced eutrophication). proposed concept learning manipulation broadens pursue questions. Below, three aimed developing deeper mechanistic OM broadly. microbial composition (Verhoeven Chen change phenotypic easily identifiable dominant phytoplankton species), while others cryptic altered biogeochemistry). Microbial communities shaped quantitative qualitative availability, shifts forms (Foreman Covert 2003; Fasching 2020). As engines emergent microbiomes (and characteristics) offers key insights shaping function (Hall 2018). property microbiomes) electron donor availability. precipitate competing pathways, autotroph : heterotroph ratio, thus aspects cycling. abundance competition reduction denitrification dissimilatory (DNRA). Under high DNRA shown favored (Jia altering loss retention reactive N ecosystem. High often lead phytoplankton, taxa produce harmful blooms (HABs), (Wurtsbaugh HAB levels, stimulate HABs (Hallegraeff addition, warming exacerbate stimulatory HABs, tend higher optimum temperatures (Paerl Huisman Litchman 2023). Thus, climate, significant contributions vulnerable HABs. turn, significantly entire webs cycling (Briland Cage distributed platform interaction stressors, warming, producing maintaining their web structure functioning. Understanding One important component microbially biogeochemistry greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide (N2O) methane (CH4). Both N2O CH4 produced through anaerobic metabolisms. Sinking particulate creates anoxic microsites metabolisms oxygenated columns (Karl 1984; Broman shifting scale. aerobic molecular speciation fundamentally alters elevated supplies mineralizable manipulates redox microscale, enhanced gas production. Greenhouse emissions remain unknown. Current estimates rely studies wastewater plants, likely suitable proxies pond (MacLeod ill-suited estimating farm emissions, coastal Other accurate regionally constrained (Xu An effort document improve industry's climate address extent ocean models should consider point sources activity), terrestrial accounted agricultural land alterations. documenting varying could flux ecosystems, regardless source. regarded effect industry, fertilization (C) sequestration stabilization (Scott-Buechler Greene Fertilization, productivity, increase export C deep ocean, removing atmospheric reservoir centuries millennia (Volk Hoffert Nowicki fertilizing possibly leveraged sequestering (Chisholm 2001). Should prove feasible, placing respect currents mixing dynamics mutual operators efforts, mediating allowing quotas) simultaneously efforts. Similarly, some lakes reservoirs serve sinks, seasonal inter-annual variability (Knoll 2013; Reed degree lentic system ecologies morphologies dictate sink source, suggested tropical (Sikar 2009) loads (Anderson contributors continental sink. By sink/source active complete temperature trophic Interdisciplinary collaboration researchers aquaculture, scientists pursuing fields ecology will help illuminate how interfaces varied pressing change. loading, antifouling agents formulated microplastics equipment (Chen antibiotics (Pepi Focardi 2021; Adenaya 2023), pathogens (Ahne 1989), contaminants concern (Ahmad 2022) similarly used investigate types recommending research, acknowledge two simultaneous positions: highly accredited opportunity. challenge, meeting platform. dramatically No original were analyzed work. work supported Simons Foundation (Award #993455, awarded JMF) National Science (Awards #2120441, EKH, #2124800 #1754250, EL). None declared.

Language: Английский

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