The birth of backbarrier marshes in Culatra Island (Ria Formosa, South Portugal) DOI Creative Commons
Katerina Kombiadou, A. Rita Carrasco, Susana Costas

et al.

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 296, P. 108589 - 108589

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

The rapid elongation of Culatra Island, a sandy barrier in the Ria Formosa chain (S. Portugal), since mid-1940s led to formation three new embayments its backbarrier that were gradually colonised by halophytic vegetation. This provided rare opportunity collect information and data on very early stages marsh plant establishment evolution. Sediment (surface subsurface) sampling two recently formed bays, combined with extracted from vertical aerial photographs, allowed us assess modern sedimentation characteristics accretion rates shift bare sandflat vegetated platform. Present-day topography appears largely inherited overwash or/and inlet-related tidal deposits necessary sediment pulse for an intertidal substrate, suitable colonisation. variability rates, noted even within same embayment, as well differences balance similarly young marshes, highlight importance local conditions (sediment import, distance creeks edge, storm frequency intensity) build-up, during stages. Variable also identified over seagrass patches, indicating similar influences. Organic deposition low all habitats, dominance mineral growth. A lag, ranging roughly 10–30 years, was observed between platform embayments. different timescales lag are likely linked hydrodynamic conditions, promoted embayment morphology (opening width). lowest protected embayments, which could reflect 'typical' delay system, while highest associated higher energy environments.

Language: Английский

Distribution and disturbances of ditches across salt marshes of the Northeast U.S. with implications for management and restoration DOI Creative Commons
Erin Peck, Julie E. Walker, Katherine V. Ackerman

et al.

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 376, P. 124444 - 124444

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Effective management of valuable coastal systems, such as salt marshes requires an understanding the complex stressors influencing their continued threat drowning. However, efforts to determine effects one potential stressor, ditches, have produced diverging results complicating efforts. Ditches (linear trenches dug drain for agriculture and mosquito control) alter marsh hydrology, but on widescale function degradation are poorly understood. We created a dataset visible ditches summarized ditch densities (length over area) Northeast U.S. evaluate ditching against vulnerability metrics, including elevation unvegetated vegetated ratio (UVVR). identified scale dependency in which larger/coarser spatial analysis, greater fraction ditched marshes. Scale dependence explains discrepancies between previously determined indices. In terms vulnerability, relative was not influenced by presence. Ditch affected UVVR, exhibiting multiple threshold behavior. When present at low densities, little effect ponding; yet increase, UVVR (i.e., ponding) increases. The relationship reverses highest with ponding substantially decreasing. response hydrologic influences imposed suggests restoration strategies should consider degree rather than simply

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Blue Carbon Stocks Along the Pacific Coast of North America Are Mainly Driven by Local Rather Than Regional Factors DOI Creative Commons
Christopher N. Janousek, Johannes R. Krause, Judith Z. Drexler

et al.

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Coastal wetlands, including seagrass meadows, emergent marshes, mangroves, and temperate tidal swamps, can efficiently sequester store large quantities of sediment organic carbon (SOC). However, SOC stocks may vary by ecosystem type along environmental or climate gradients at different scales. Quantifying such variability is needed to improve blue accounting, conservation effectiveness, restoration planning. We analyzed in 1,284 cores >6,500 km the Pacific coast North America that included multiple types. Tidal wetlands with woody vegetation (mangroves swamps) had highest mean 1 m depth (357 355 Mg ha −1 , respectively), 45% higher than marshes (245 ), more 500% (68 ). Unvegetated tideflats, though not often considered a ecosystem, noteworthy (148 Stocks increased elevation fine (<63 μm) content several ecosystems. also varied dominant plant species within individual At larger scales, marsh were lowest Sonoran Desert region Mexico, swamp differed among zones; otherwise showed little correlation ecoregion latitude. More occurred types, smaller spatial scales (such as estuaries), across regional gradients. These patterns inform coastal priorities where preserving stored enhancing sequestration helps avert greenhouse gas emissions maintains other vital services.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hydrology mediates salt marsh belowground biomass response to warming DOI Creative Commons

Andrea‐Carolin Menzel,

Eva Julia Marie Ostertag, Peter Mueller

et al.

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 5, 2025

Abstract Salt marshes provide vital ecosystem services, including coastal protection and carbon sequestration. Roots play a key role in delivering these as they stabilize soils contribute to organic accumulation. This study examines the impact of an experimental 3°C temperature increase temperate salt marsh on belowground biomass dynamics across three elevation zones (pioneer zone, low marsh, high marsh) two treatments (ambient, + 3°C) over period 3 yr (2019–2021). The reflect different hydrological conditions. We found minimal effects warming biomass, except during 2019, where drought caused shift deeper rooting depths (− 53 ± 19% upper soil depth, 272 129% lower depth). Overall, root was lowest (72.0 94.5 g m −2 ) highest (360.2 174.7 ), followed by pioneer zone (218.7 233.8 ). In all years, peaked summer (248.5 235.5 after rising from spring (181.4 183.4 declining autumn (216.5 209.4 Our findings suggest that above ambient temperatures has marginal dynamics, indicating soil‐stabilizing functions contributions sequestration may remain intact under global warming. Moreover, interactions between tidal regime interannual precipitation patterns seem more important for variations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Blue Carbon at the southern tip of Africa: current knowledge and future perspectives for dynamic estuarine environments DOI Creative Commons
Janine B. Adams, Daniel Buttner, S. J. Hawkes

et al.

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109360 - 109360

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Vertical accretion trends project doughnut-like fragmentation of saltmarshes DOI Creative Commons
Christopher J. Hein,

Jennifer E. Connell,

Duncan M. FitzGerald

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Abstract Coastal saltmarshes keep pace with sea-level rise through in-situ production of organic material and incorporation allochthonous inorganic sediment. Here we report rates vertical accretion 16 new sediment cores collected proximal to platform edges within located behind four barrier islands along the southeast United States coast. All but two these exceed contemporaneous rate relative rise, often by a factor 1.5 or more. Comparison 80 additional measurements compiled across Georgia Bight reveals that marshes situated closer inlets large bays generally accrete faster than those adjacent small creeks interiors. These results demonstrate spatial dichotomy in resilience backbarrier saltmarshes: marsh interiors are near tipping point, mineral fluxes allow enhanced local well-exposed platform-edge marshes. Together, this suggests trending towards rapid, doughnut-like fragmentation.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Large grazers suppress a foundational plant and reduce soil carbon concentration in eastern US saltmarshes DOI Creative Commons
Sean J. Sharp, Kate Davidson, Christine Angelini

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Abstract Large grazers modify vegetated ecosystems and are increasingly viewed as keystone species in trophic rewilding schemes. Yet, their ecosystem influences context‐dependent, a crucial challenge is identifying where sustain, versus undermine, important properties resilience. Previous work diverse European saltmarshes found that, despite changing plant invertebrate community structure, do not suppress below‐ground properties, including soil organic carbon (SOC). We hypothesised contrast, eastern US would be sensitive to large extensive areas dominated by single grass, Spartina alterniflora . predicted that reduce above‐ biomass, densities, shift texture ultimately SOC concentration. tested our hypotheses using replicated 51‐month grazer (horse) exclusion experiment Georgia, coupled with observations of 14 long‐term grazed sites, spanning ~1000 km the coast. Grazer quickly led increased height, cover flowering, snail density. Changes vegetation structure were reflected modified (reduced sand, clay) elevated root yet we no response SOC. also reduced drought‐associated die‐off. observed shifts sites along seaboard grazing has occurred for hundreds years. Unlike experiment, was associated A structural equation model implicated revealing stem height key driver carbon. Synthesis : These results illustrate context dependency impacts on coastal wetlands. In contrast well‐studied marshes, marshes structured foundational grass resulting being more grazing. Coastal systems characterised foundation might inherently vulnerable lack resilience face other disturbances, underlining frameworks explain predict must account geographic variation structure.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The Influence of Macroclimatic Drivers on the Macrophyte Phylogenetic Diversity in South African Estuaries DOI Creative Commons
Dimitri Allastair Veldkornet

Diversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 986 - 986

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

The geographical distribution of plants is influenced by macroclimate and dispersal limitations, which have led to lineage isolation subsequent diversification within across various environmental gradients. Macroclimatic variables in coastal wetlands influence plant species lineages biogeographical boundaries. This study aimed determine the macroclimatic on phylogenetic richness South African estuaries. Open-source chloroplast DNA barcoding sequences, climatic data layers were used relationship between richness, MPD, MNTD each bioclimatic variable individually. Temperate diversity positively correlated with temperature whereas subtropical tropical associated increases precipitation. Phylogenetic niche conservatism evident malvids rosids are restricted regions due their physiological adaptations climates. Caryophylales was mostly temperate regions. Poales Alismatales showed wide distributions that likely attributed traits related wind pollination hydrochory, rapid, clonal, high reproductive output, tolerance stressful conditions, intraspecific genetic diversity. findings highlight importance considering factors understanding wetland plants.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Mangrove interaction with saltmarsh varies at different life stages DOI
Alice Reis, André Rovai, Paulo da Cunha Lana

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 905, P. 167410 - 167410

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Mono-Specific Data Deficient Saltmarsh Species Has Climate Relevant Carbon Stocks From the East Coast of India DOI Open Access
Amrit Kumar Mishra, A. Dey,

Anjalis Mishra

et al.

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Despite saltmarshes being considered as nature-based solutions (NbS) towards climate change mitigation, India&rsquo;s saltmarsh ecosystems are least studied. This study quantifies the seasonal variation in carbon stocks mono-specific species (Porteresia coarctata) and its potential to play an important role mitigation plans. Seasonal (pre-and post-monsoon) sampling of P. coarctata surface water, biomass 30 cm sediment core was collected across four locations on east coast India quantify dry bulk density (DBD), organic matter (OM%), (Corg%), Corg biomass, total (C%) nitrogen (N%) stable isotopes &delta;13C &delta;15N. In general, DBD, OM meadows higher post-monsoon influenced by salinity pH changes. Isotope (&delta;13C) modelling various C sources suggested, particulate (POM) contribution highest (0.04-0.79%) followed (0.01&ndash;052%) other macrophytes our locations. The showed increased marine derived dissolved into season. Heavier &delta;15N values were observed season suggesting anthropogenic input, that utilized increase above below-ground shoot density. combined ecosystem (30 + biomass) 1.7-fold (4021.20&plusmn; 917 Mg C) compared pre-monsoon (2297.36 &plusmn;647 among with a &gt;70%. Based International Panel for Climate Change Tier II assessment (443 ha) can help avoiding pre emissions 8431.34 14757.84 CO2 respectively. price equivalent stored pre- is US$ 14.50 25.38 million Further studies quantifying NbS mixed needed along integration National Action Plan Change.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Harmonization of Nordic coastal marsh habitat classification benefits conservation and management DOI Creative Commons
Anu Vehmaa, Marianna Lanari, Heli Jutila

et al.

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 252, P. 107104 - 107104

Published: April 1, 2024

Coastal marshes are productive and diverse habitats that act as essential linkages between marine terrestrial ecosystems. Although the Nordic region comprises diverse, unique marsh along Baltic coast Atlantic of Norway, they not widely recognized coastal marshes, e.g., salt in other parts world. This may be partly due to inconsistency habitat classification, use terminology, heterogeneity these across region, which limit overviews their ecology, distribution, management. Here, we aim improve basis for assessments by providing an overview area, management practices region. We general term cover variety types study covered mainly European Union's (EU's) Habitats Directive Annex I classes 1310 Salicornia annuals colonizing mud sand, 1320 Spartina swards (Spartinion maritimae), 1330 meadows (Glauco-Puccinellietalia 1630 Boreal meadows. Based on input from national environmental officers, expert survey, a workshop, reviewing databases, compiled comprehensive database regarding conservation status, management, monitoring four countries (Denmark, Finland, Sweden) Germany, covering wide gradients in, salinity tidal range. Overall, found area ∼900 km2 one-fourth total EU, with additional ∼450 potential areas 500 reed beds. Beyond variable terminology our revealed gap classification systems concerning diversity Sea marshes. Creating subtype(s) class would help most threatened within class. In addition, pronounced differences managing among countries, indicating important land sea might receive insufficient attention protection despite multiple ecosystem services provide. Coordinated harmonization classifications could increase regional-scale coordination facilitate comparative studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

1