Species-specific elementomes for scleractinian coral hosts and their associated Symbiodiniaceae

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(4), P. 1115 - 1130

Published: May 4, 2022

Abstract Increasing anthropogenic pressure on coral reefs is creating an urgent need to understand how and where corals can proliferate both now under future scenarios. Resolving environmental limits of has progressed through the accurate identification corals’ ‘realised ecological niche’. Here we expand niche concept account for ‘biogeochemical niche’ (BN), defined as chemical space in which a adapted survive, identifiable by unique quantity proportion elements (termed “elementome”). BN theory been commonly applied other taxa, successfully predicting species distributions stress responses their elementomes. Here, apply first time, using dry combustion inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) determine five key macronutrients thirteen trace four diverse scleractinian from Great Barrier Reef (GBR): Acropora hyacinthus ; Echinopora lamellosa; Pocillopora cf. meandrina; verrucosa. The elementomes were investigated host Symbiodiniaceae, latter had highest elemental concentrations (except molybdenum). Each associated with distinct members genus Cladocopium (determined ITS2 analysis) photo-physiological data suggesting specialisation functional biology. Distinct endosymbiont community structure functioning between different confirms that holds metabolic compatibility alters across host–symbiont associations. Additional work needed plasticity elementomes, turn BN, over time aid predictions distribution survival change.

Language: Английский

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Bio-optical signatures of in situ photosymbionts predict bleaching severity prior to thermal stress in the Caribbean coral species Acropora palmata

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 151 - 164

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Multi-Chemical Omics Analysis of the Symbiodiniaceae Durusdinium trenchii under Heat Stress

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 317 - 317

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

The urgency of responding to climate change for corals necessitates the exploration innovative methods swiftly enhance our understanding crucial processes. In this study, we employ an integrated chemical omics approach, combining elementomics, metabolomics, and volatilomics methodologies unravel biochemical pathways associated with thermal response coral symbiont, Symbiodiniaceae

Language: Английский

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Loss of coral thermotolerance following year-long in situ nursery propagation with a consecutively high summer heat-load

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(4), P. 919 - 933

Published: June 8, 2024

Abstract Exposure to more frequent ocean warming events is driving the loss of coral reef cover as window recovery between episodes bleaching reduces. Coral propagation via in situ nurseries and subsequent outplanting have increased worldwide support replenishing on degraded reefs. However, challenges identifying fast-growing bleaching-resistant target corals limited how informative we can be regarding resilience outplanted corals. Here, employed short-term thermal stress assays using Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS) assess threshold a pre- post-propagation nursery frames. We show that year-long nursery-propagated exhibit statistically significant reduction thresholds (i.e., ED50s) compared their corresponding reef-based donor colonies based dose–response modelling dark acclimated photosynthetic efficiency. RNA-Seq was then used underlying drivers this thermotolerance reduction, processes involved metabolic oxidative management were disrupted versus heat-treated Whether trade-offs during potential growth-focused phases (post-fragmentation), conditions, and/or consecutively high summer heat-load drove lower capacity remains determined. expressed genes associated with telomere maintenance, which are typically stress-sensitive under seasonal environmental stress, suggesting heat-loading contributed observed patterns. Our results highlight tolerance (i) variable (ii) subject acclimation varying degrees across colonies. Thus, path forward for practitioners improve efforts may entail initial screening larger population from thermally superior selected propagation.

Language: Английский

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Cellular traits regulate fluorescence-based light-response phenotypes of coral photosymbionts living in-hospite

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Diversity across algal family Symbiodiniaceae contributes to the environmental resilience of certain coral species. Chlorophyll-a fluorescence measurements are frequently used determine symbiont health and resilience, but more work is needed refine these tools establish how they relate underlying cellular traits. We examined trait diversity in symbionts from generas Cladocopium Durusdinium, collected 12 aquacultured Photophysiological metrics (ΦPSII, σPSII, ρ, τ1, τ2, antenna bed quenching, non-photochemical qP) were assessed using a prototype multi-spectral fluorometer over variable light protocol which yielded total 1,360 individual metrics. then four unique light-response phenotypic variants. Corals harboring C15 predominantly found within single phenotype clustered separately all other fragments. The majority Durusdinium dominated colonies also formed separate it shared with few C1 corals. D1 appear differ mechanisms use dissipate excess energy. Spectrally dependent variability observed phenotypes that may differences photopigment utilization. Symbiont cell biochemical structural traits (atomic C:N:P, size, chlorophyll-a, neutral lipid content) was each sample phenotypes, linking photophysiological primary Strong correlations between first- second-order traits, such as Quantum Yield N:P content, or dissipation pathways (qP NPQ) C:P underline types provide means for fluorescence-based biomarkers primary-cellular

Language: Английский

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Paired metabolomics and volatilomics provides insight into transient high light stress response mechanisms of the coral Montipora mollis

Metabolomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(4)

Published: June 17, 2024

The coral holobiont is underpinned by complex metabolic exchanges between different symbiotic partners, which are impacted environmental stressors. chemical diversity of the compounds produced high and includes primary secondary metabolites, as well volatiles. However, metabolites volatiles have only been characterised in isolation so far. Here, we applied a paired metabolomic-volatilomic approach to characterise holistically response under stress. Montipora mollis fragments were subjected high-light stress (8-fold higher than controls) for 30 min. Photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency values 7-fold control versus treatment corals immediately following exposure, but returned pre-stress levels after min recovery. Under stress, identified an increase carbohydrates (> 5-fold arabinose fructose) saturated fatty acids (7-fold myristic oleic acid), together with decrease acid derivatives both (e.g., 80% oleamide nonanal), other antioxidants (~ 85% sorbitol galactitol). These changes suggest short-term light induces oxidative Correlation analysis positive links sorbitol, galactitol, six 11 volatiles, four these previously antioxidants. This suggests that 19 may be related share similar functions. Taken together, our findings demonstrate how metabolomics-volatilomics illuminate broader shifts occurring identify linkages uncharacterised putatively determine their

Language: Английский

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A portable multi-taxa phenotyping device to retrieve physiological performance traits

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

Organismal phenotyping to identify fitness traits is transforming our understanding of adaptive responses and ecological interactions species within changing environments. Here we present a portable Multi-Taxa Phenotyping (MTP) system that can retrieve suite metabolic photophysiological parameter across light, temperature, and/or chemical gradients, using real time bio-optical (oxygen chlorophyll fluorescence) measurements. The MTP integrates three well-established technologies for the first time: an imaging Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) fluorometer, custom-designed well plates equipped with optical oxygen sensors, thermocycler. We demonstrate ability distinguish phenotypic performance characteristics diverse aquatic taxa spanning corals, mangroves algae based on parameters Photosystem II dynamics, in high-throughput capacity accounting different environmental gradients performance. Extracted metrics from not only provide information exposed differing but also predicted key organisms change. Further work validating how rapid tools such as predict long term changes situ are urgently required best inform these support management efforts.

Language: Английский

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Heat-Induced Photosynthetic Responses of Symbiodiniaceae Revealed by Flash-Induced Fluorescence Relaxation Kinetics

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: July 22, 2022

Symbiodiniaceae live in endosymbiosis with corals. In the last few decades, mass bleaching events have occurred coral reefs, causing damage ecosystem and associated species. Global temperature increase is affecting algae, disturbing whole symbiosis leads to bleaching. However, heat tolerance strongly determined by species (formerly genetic clades) harbored host. We assessed three different strains of family, i.e., Fugacium kawagutii (CS156), Symbiodinium tridacnidorum (2465), microadriaticum (2467), which display under stress conditions. Flash-induced chlorophyll fluorescence relaxation a useful tool monitor various components photosynthetic electron transport chain redox reactions plastoquinone pool. observed appearance wave phenomenon heating combination microaerobic The characteristics this were found be strain-specific possibly related transient oxidation re-reduction appears cyclic flow as well because it accompanied enhanced post-illumination rise. These results will potentially reveal further details role its relevance tolerance.

Language: Английский

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The volatilome of the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis

Published: May 20, 2023

<p><b>With a rapidly changing environment, understanding the endosymbiotic relationship between cnidarians and dinoflagellates is crucial to elucidate ways in which corals may respond future conditions. At basis of this symbiosis exchange metabolites signalling molecules partners, all contribute establishment, maintenance, ultimately dissociation important relationship. A subset metabolites, biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are low molecular weight, weakly lipophilic that diffuse quickly through water air, making them potential candidates for inter-species interactions. This thesis sought characterise patterns BVOC generation cnidarian-dinoflagellate across symbiotic states thermal dysfunction model cnidarian Aiptasia (Exaiptasia diaphana). </b></p> <p>In Chapter 2, I characterised suite BVOCs (collectively, ‘volatilome’) emitted by system symbiosis, each partner isolation. Relative anemones, volatilome cultured symbionts (Breviolum minutum) was more distinct than it aposymbiotic (symbiont-free) suggesting alters physiological state dinoflagellate dramatically Aiptasia. For example, B. minutum produced dimethyl sulphide (DMS) highest abundance, while anemones halogenated methanes like bromochloromethane, bromodichloromethane, tribromomethane trichloromethane, regardless state. Alternatively, relative lack alteration host, state, suggest high degree metabolic integration partners. </p> 3, examined role symbiont identity on microbiome Microbiome analysis revealed populations bacteria with family Vibrionaceae being most abundant anemones. As prominent members bacterial pathogens, higher proportion could indicate disease susceptibility volatilomes those native minutum, non-native Durusdinium trenchii indistinct from either aposymbiosis or minutum. suggests presence known form sub-optimal potentially stressful impacts metabolome. Indeed, isoprene containing abundance aldehydes octanal, nonanal dodecanal, these as biomarkers.</p> 4, investigated impact stress its Aposymbiotic were exposed control (25 °C), sub-bleaching (30 °C) bleaching (33.5 temperatures. In both observed restructuring 25 °C 33.5 °C, at 30 exhibiting an intermediate consistent previous experiments showing microbiota can shift response environmental Anemones number significantly different BVOCs, including acetone naphthalene. contrast, temperature lower treatments, largely driven quantities sulphide, eucalyptol 1-iodododecane. Overall, exhibited decline richness progressively temperatures, perhaps revealing onset collapse; decrease not temperature, stabilising effect endosymbionts. 5, describe method assess chemotactic responses Symbiodiniaceae, defined tryptone positive Cladocopium spp., D. trenchii. assessed spp. pervasive marine metabolite dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP), volatiles bromodichloromethane (BrCl2CH) diiodomethane (I2CH2). Despite their production neither BrCl2CH nor I2CH2 elicited sp. The precursor (DMS), multifunctional widespread DMSP has functions osmoregulation, antioxidant defence acts chemoattractant multiple organisms. found that, repelled DMSP, did chemotactically molecule. These differing species Symbiodiniaceae reflect chemical cues used locate establish new hosts, adds literature describing functional diversity <p>Collectively, my elucidates synthesis release stress. foundational study provides platform explore roles identified associates. Additionally, non-invasive technology volatilomics applied here serve identify biomarkers ecosystem health natural habitats. Ultimately, work contributes our altered time when coral reefs threatened extinction.</p>

Language: Английский

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Cellular traits regulate fluorescence-based bio-optical phenotypes of coral photosymbionts livingin-hospite

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 7, 2023

Abstract Diversity across algal family Symbiodiniaceae contributes to the environmental resilience of certain coral species. Chlorophyll- a fluorescence measurements are frequently used determine symbiont health and resilience, but more work is needed refine these tools establish how they relate underlying cellular traits. We examined trait diversity in symbionts from generas Cladocopium Durusdinium, collected 12 aquacultured Photophysiological metrics (Φ PSII , σ ρ, τ 1 2 ABQ, NPQ, qP) were assessed using prototype multi-spectral fluorometer over variable light protocol which yielded total 1360 individual metrics. then four unique phenotypic variants. Corals harboring C15 predominantly found within single phenotype clustered separately all other fragments. The majority Durusdinium dominated colonies also formed separate it shared with few C1 corals. D1 appear differ mechanisms employ dissipate excess energy. Spectrally dependent variability observed phenotypes that may differences photopigment utilization. Cell physiology (atomic C:N:P, cell size, chlorophyll- neutral lipid content) was each sample phenotypes, linking photophysiological primary Strong correlations between first– second-order traits, such as Quantum Yield N:P content, or dissipation pathways (qP NPQ) C:P underline types provide means for fluorescence-based biomarkers primary-cellular

Language: Английский

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