Gelation Dynamics, Formation Mechanism, Functionalization, and 3D Bioprinting of Silk Fibroin Hydrogel Materials for Biomedical Applications

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 9, 2025

Silk fibroin (SF), derived from silk cocoon fibers (Bombyx mori), is a natural protein polymer known for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and sustainability. The can be processed into various material formats suitable range of applications. Among these, SF hydrogels are useful in the biomedical field, such as tissue engineering, due to tailorable structures properties achievable through tuning gelation process. Therefore, focus this contribution comprehensively review understand formation, mechanism, dynamic control, functionalization hydrogels. Unlike previous reviews, work delves understanding strategies mechanisms dynamics molecular assembly crystallization points view. Further, presents pathways practical examples, 3D printing hydrogels, illustrate how these strategies, mechanisms, implemented specific application scenario. With insights, researchers gain deeper manipulate or control process types achieve features. This knowledge would further facilitate development hydrogel materials fields.

Language: Английский

Hydrostatic Pressure Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Silk Fibroin-Based 3D Bioprinted Hydrogels

Biomacromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 20, 2025

The human meniscus experiences mechanical forces and converts axial loads into hoop stresses. Meniscus injuries meniscectomies can compromise this function, therefore, implants are required. To assess their performance in vitro, it is crucial to recreate a physiological environment. Therefore, we investigated the effect of TGFβ-3-supplemented TGFβ-free cyclic hydrostatic pressure (HP) up 10 MPa on 3D bioprinted silk fibroin (SF) polymer-based hydrogels. bioink was seeded with infrapatellar fat pad-derived MSCs supplemented an extracellular matrix gelatin. We found that HP stimulation did not alter cell-free biomaterial maturation, while partially stimulated metabolic activity cell proliferation. Remarkably, led highest expression levels chondrogenic markers, followed by unloaded incubation then HP. Despite low density, combined exposure TGFβ-3 also facilitated localized glycosaminoglycan collagen deposition, demonstrating promising prospects for future regeneration.

Language: Английский

Silk Fibroin/GelMA-Based Hydrogels as a Platform for Tissue Adhesives and Tissue Engineering

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 30, 2025

Silk fibroin (SF) and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based hydrogels are emerging as promising biomaterials for various biomedical applications due to their unique physiological physicochemical properties. This Review highlights the synergistic advantages of SF/GelMA hydrogels, focusing on tunability, biocompatibility, multifunctionality. SF contributes structural integrity mechanical strength through formation crystalline β-sheet domains, while GelMA provides a photo-cross-linkable functionality, facilitating precise modulation properties beneficial cell support. Various cross-linking strategies, including physical (ionic, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, formation) chemical (covalent cross-linking, photo-cross-linking, enzymatic), explored optimize enhanced tissue adhesion (skin, muscle, cartilage, bone, tendon, ligament) regeneration applications. Furthermore, we address current key translational challenges such long-term biostability, large-scale production, immune-regulatory pathways successful clinical implementation in regenerative medicine, repair reconstruction.

Language: Английский