Cytocompatible 2D Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Modified Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate/Polylactic Acid Hybrid Nanobiocomposites

ACS Applied Bio Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Polymer nanobiocomposites (PNCs) prepared with graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets in polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)/polylactic acid (PLA) bioblends were processed using a three-step processing technique that involved: (1) solution-based GCN exfoliation step; (2) masterbatching step of PBAT by solution processing; and (3) melt-compounding where the masterbatch was mixed pristine PLA to delaminate 2D layers extrusion high-shear mixing deposit them onto biphasic PLA/PBAT morphology. Due partial GCN, this process led concurrent presence three distinct morphologies within PNCs' microstructure: Type 1, characterized an unaltered interface matrix, minimal deposition phase; 2, distinguished diffused stiff distribution both dispersed (PBAT) matrix phases; 3, featuring unmodified interfaces localization across phases stair-like morphological texture. Such combination generates crack propagation micromechanics, thereby influencing variability plastic deformational behavior their PNCs. Particularly, 1 morphology enables act as secondary stress-dissipating agent, whereas domains serve primary stress-absorbing sites, contributing enhanced energy requirements. Contrarily, 3 (slightly) 2 (predominantly) invert GCN's role from stress dissipation concentration due its matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed crystallinity increase PNCs until 0.1 wt % followed decline, likely agglomeration at higher contents. Thermogravimetric analysis showed addition improved thermostability bioblends, attributed nanophysical pyrolytic barrier effect. Moreover, direct indirect methods, did not impair biocompatibility confirmed via cytocompatibility assays.

Language: Английский

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A review on material extrusion additive manufacturing of polycarbonate‐based blends and composites: Process‐structure–property relationships

SPE Polymers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(2)

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Polycarbonate (PC) is a valuable engineering polymer with numerous technical characteristics like desirable mechanical properties, high heat resistance, chemical optical clarity, and electrical insulation capabilities. Therefore, it finds extensive use in aerospace, automotive, consumer goods, optics, medical devices, electronics. Materials extrusion additive manufacturing offers several advantages, such as customized geometry, minimal material waste, cost‐effectiveness, ease of modification. Accordingly, PC has recently emerged robust durable material. This review aims to investigate how printing parameters materials affect the properties PC‐based materials, specific emphasis on properties. The main drawbacks associated pure filaments, print temperatures, warping tendencies, propensity retract during printing, are also discussed. Considering significant demand for developing blends composites tailored application material‐extrusion manufacturing, influence different types fillers, including polymeric, metallic, ceramic, improving behavior then reviewed. paper explores diverse applications additively manufactured parts, especially within advanced areas engineering, medicine. Lastly, prospects challenges presented review. Highlights key 3D printing. Printing quality strength polycarbonate parts. Various fillers adjust polycarbonate‐based composites' High warping, retraction major challenges. 3D‐printed can be used variety applications.

Language: Английский

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Optimization of energy absorption of additively manufactured polyamide/microcarbon fiber polymeric composites in 3D printing using Taguchi method

Polymer Engineering and Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 14, 2025

Abstract The current study explores an interesting area of investigation at the interface between materials science and additive manufacturing: optimization microcarbon fiber‐reinforced polyamide (PA/mCF) polymeric composites. Nozzle temperature, printing speed, layer height processing parameters fused filament fabrication are optimized using Taguchi technique L9 orthogonal array. signal‐to‐noise ratio analysis is used to investigate optimum energy absorption, density, specific absorption 3D printed PA/mCF It was observed that a higher nozzle temperature significantly enhanced while density composites increased only moderately. On other hand, speed showed more complicated effects on properties. results revealed conditions for maximizing (108.15 J/m 2 ), (318.35 Jm/kg), minimizing (261.14 kg/m 3 ) were 260°C, 40 mm/s, 0.1 mm. These findings underline effectiveness method in improving mechanical properties composites, providing valuable insights high‐performance components various industrial applications. Highlights Energy additively manufactured studied. Polyamide/microcarbon fiber produced by printing. Additive manufacturing technique. An 108.15 identified. 318.35 Jm/kg detected as value.

Language: Английский

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Sustainability assessment of autoclave and 3D printed composites with thermosetting and thermoplastic matrices

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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High-k, Low-Loss Ceramic-Thermoplastic Composite Feedstock Filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling of Microwave and mm-Wave Devices

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Maturing of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques has increased their utilization for fabricating radio frequency (RF) and microwave devices. Solid composites used in material extrusion AM have experienced considerable expansion over the past decade, incorporating functional properties into 3D-printed objects. There are encouraging indications from research that electrically efficient materials can be discovered. These would useful producing components future. One enabling these is to incorporate nano/microparticles or fillers thermoplastic material. Composite 3D printing a novel approach managing materials’ properties. While extrinsic qualities (effective permittivity) controlled by shape porosity management, intrinsic attributes tied composition composites. Furthermore, combining various increase spectrum available characteristics made possible multi-material printing. In this chapter, we explore different methodologies fabricate ceramic/thermoplastic fused deposition modeling (FDM) RF Analytical models predicting effective permittivity composite discussed application examples FDM printed RF, mm-wave devices employing presented.

Language: Английский

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Additive manufacturing of polymer composite millimeter‐wave components: Recent progress, novel applications, and challenges

Polymer Composites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 31, 2024

Abstract With the advent of 5G/6G for radar and space communication systems, various millimeter‐wave (MMW) components are rapidly innovated multi‐functional, higher integrated miniaturized solutions across diverse industries applications. Polymer composites‐based additive manufacturing (AM), an advanced technique, can manufacture MMW with high fabrication resolution, intricate structural design, adjustable dielectric properties, functionally gradient distribution characteristics. This paper outlines state‐of‐the‐art polymer composite components, their techniques. An “material‐structure‐manufacturing‐performance” design conceptual framework is discussed in terms material structure process design. Moreover, multi‐functional structures focus on electromagnetic wave absorption interference (EMI) shielding functions. novel applications enabled by AM radar/sensing, communication, enclosure, miscellaneous discussed. Furthermore, future perspectives current challenges identified to provide new insights into 3D‐printed products, exploring possibilities next‐generation technology. Highlights The reviewed. concept introduced. radar, Future addressed.

Language: Английский

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Participation of Polymer Materials in the Structure of Piezoelectric Composites

Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(24), P. 3603 - 3603

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

This review explores the integration of polymer materials into piezoelectric composite structures, focusing on their application in sensor technologies, and wearable electronics. Piezoelectric composites combining ceramic phases like BaTiO3, KNN, or PZT with polymers such as PVDF exhibit significant potential due to enhanced flexibility, processability, electrical performance. The synergy between high sensitivity ceramics mechanical flexibility enables development advanced for biomedical devices, energy conversion, smart infrastructure applications. discusses evolution lead-free ceramics, challenges improving polymer–ceramic interfaces, innovations 3D printing surface functionalization, which enhance charge transfer material durability. It also covers effects radiation these materials, particularly nuclear applications, strategies resistance. concludes that play a critical role advancing technologies by addressing environmental functional challenges, paving way future innovations.

Language: Английский

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Processability and properties of cubic‐BaTiO₃/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites for additive manufacturing: From powder compounding to 3D‐printed parts

Polymer Composites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Abstract Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a piezoelectric and thermoplastic material with great potential for additive manufacturing (AM) applications. Using barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) as filler, PVDF‐based composite materials were developed, characterized, processed by AM extrusion (MEX). The morphological features phase transformations occurring throughout the processing of BaTiO ‐filled PVDF, from compounding to printed part, analyzed. morphology powder feedstock after dispersion in high‐energy ball mill changed spheroidal laminar β‐phase formation was favored. Microhardness gradually increased content, obtaining an enhancement ~60% content 25 vol%, supported good filler. A ~48% increase dielectric permittivity also achieved. After extrusion, filaments filler 15 vol% showed more stable diameter, well higher crystallinity surface roughness, compared those lower contents. Material filament direct printing pellets based on MEX successfully used obtain parts. Composite parts enhanced hydrophilicity, flexural modulus (up ~33% 7 PVDF), thus leading superior mechanical characteristics biomedical Highlights Dry milling suitable greener approach. processes 3D‐printed use pellets/powder improved 3D printability. roughness hydrophilicity content. elastic

Language: Английский

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A 3D Printed Air-Tight Cell Adaptable for Far-Infrared Reflectance, Optical Photothermal Infrared Spectroscopy, and Raman Spectroscopy Measurements

Instruments, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 54 - 54

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Material characterization and investigation are the basis for improving performance of electrochemical devices. However, many compounds with applications sensitive to atmospheric gases moisture; therefore, even their should be performed in a controlled atmosphere. In some cases, it is impossible execute such investigations glove box, and, present work, an air-tight 3D printed cell was developed that preserves samples atmosphere while allowing spectroscopic measurements reflectance geometry. Equipped cheap 1 mm thick CaF2 optical window or more expensive 0.5 ZnS window, used both photothermal infrared Raman spectroscopy measures; imaging also possible. The far-infrared range were equipped diamond window.

Language: Английский

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