Modulating poststroke inflammatory mechanisms: Novel aspects of mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles and microglia

World Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 1030 - 1048

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke, and systemic inflammation affects patient prognosis. As resident immune cells brain, microglia are significantly involved defense tissue repair under various conditions, including cerebral ischemia. Although differentiation M1 M2 is certainly oversimplified, changing activation state appears to be intriguing therapeutic strategy for Recent evidence indicates that both mesenchymal stem (MSCs) MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulate modify preclinical stroke conditions. However, precise mechanisms these signaling pathways, especially context mutual interaction between MSCs or EVs microglia, have not been sufficiently unveiled. Hence, this review summarizes state-of-the-art knowledge on MSC- MSC-EV-mediated regulation microglial activity conditions with respect cytokines, neurotrophic factors, transcription microRNAs.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke: Novel insight into the crosstalk with immune cells

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

Stroke, a cerebrovascular accident, is prevalent and the second highest cause of death globally across patient populations; it as significant morbidity mortality. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation emerging promising treatment for alleviating neurological deficits, indicated by great number animal clinical studies. The potential regulating immune system currently being explored therapeutic target after ischemic stroke. This study will discuss recent evidence that MSCs can harness interacting with cells to boost neurologic recovery effectively. Moreover, notion be given participating in multiple pathological processes, such increasing survival angiogenesis suppressing apoptosis autophagy several phases stroke, consequently promoting function recovery. We conclude review highlighting opportunities reviewing safety, feasibility, efficacy therapy.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic potential of stem cell extracellular vesicles for ischemic stroke in preclinical rodent models: a meta-analysis

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 3, 2023

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells (SC-EVs) have been proposed as a novel therapy for ischemic stroke. However, their effects remain incompletely understood. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to systematically review the efficacy of SC-EVs on stroke in preclinical rodent models. Methods Using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web Science, searched through studies published up August 2021 that investigated treatment model. Infarct volume was primary outcome. Neurological severity scores (mNSS) were secondary The standard mean difference (SMD) confidence interval (CI) calculated using random-effects R Stata 15.1 used conduct meta-analysis. Results Twenty-one 2015 met inclusion criteria. We also found SCs-EVs reduced infarct by an SMD − 2.05 (95% CI 2.70, 1.40; P < 0.001). Meanwhile, our results revealed overall positive effect SCs-derived EVs mNSS with 1.42 1.75, 1.08; Significant heterogeneity among observed. Further stratified sensitivity analyses did not identify source heterogeneity. Conclusion present confirmed SC-EV could improve neuron function reduce model, providing helpful clues human clinical trials SC-EVs.

Language: Английский

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Potential regulatory effects of stem cell exosomes on inflammatory response in ischemic stroke treatment

World Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 561 - 575

Published: June 26, 2023

The high incidence and disability rates of stroke pose a heavy burden on society. Inflammation is significant pathological reaction that occurs after an ischemic stroke. Currently, therapeutic methods, except for intravenous thrombolysis vascular thrombectomy, have limited time windows. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate, differentiate, inhibit inflammatory immune responses. Exosomes (Exos), which are secretory vesicles, the characteristics from they derived, making them attractive targets research in recent years. MSC-derived exosomes attenuate response caused by cerebral modulating damage-associated molecular patterns. In this review, mechanisms associated with Exos therapy injury discussed to provide new approach clinical treatment.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles from neural progenitor cells promote functional recovery after stroke in mice with pharmacological inhibition of neurogenesis

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: July 28, 2023

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) of the subventricular zone proliferate in response to ischemic stroke adult mouse brain. Newly generated have been considered influence recovery following a stroke. However, mechanism underlying such protection is matter active study since it has thought that proliferating NPCs mediate their protective effects by secreting soluble factors promote rather than neuronal replacement penumbra. We tested hypothesis this mediated secretion multimolecular complexes extracellular vesicles (EVs). found molecular oxygen and glucose-deprived (OGD) NPCs-derived EVs very limited improving overt neurological alterations caused compared our recently reported astrocyte-derived EVs. when we inhibited ischemia-triggered proliferation with chronic administration DNA synthesis inhibitor Ara-C, effect NPC-derived became evident, suggesting endogenous exerted NPC mainly carried out through involves intercellular communication analyzed proteomic content cargo label-free relative abundance mass spectrometry identified several mediators within these vesicles. Our findings indicate are against cascade activated and, thus, hold significant therapeutic potential.

Language: Английский

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