Small,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
17(35)
Published: June 2, 2021
Exosomes,
known
as
nanometer-sized
vesicles
(30-200
nm),
are
secreted
by
many
types
of
cells.
Cancer-derived
exosomes
have
great
potential
to
be
biomarkers
for
early
clinical
diagnosis
and
evaluation
cancer
therapeutic
efficacy.
Conventional
detection
methods
limited
low
sensitivity
reproducibility.
There
hundreds
papers
published
with
different
in
recent
years
address
these
challenges.
Therefore,
this
review,
pioneering
researches
about
various
strategies
comprehensively
summarized
the
analytical
performance
tests
is
evaluated.
Furthermore,
exosome
molecular
composition
(protein
nucleic
acid)
profiling,
a
single
their
application
reviewed.
Finally,
principles
applications
machine
learning
method
presented.
Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: Dec. 10, 2019
Oral
cancer
is
the
sixth
most
common
type
in
world,
and
90%
of
it
represented
by
oral
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(OSCC).
Despite
progress
preventive
therapeutic
strategies,
delay
OSCC
diagnosis
remains
one
major
causes
high
morbidity
mortality;
indeed
majority
has
been
lately
identified
advanced
clinical
stage
(i.e.,
III
or
IV).
Moreover,
after
primary
treatment,
recurrences
and/or
metastases
are
found
more
than
half
patients
(80%
cases
within
first
2
years)
5-year
survival
rate
still
lower
50%,
resulting
a
serious
issue
for
public
health.
Currently,
histological
investigation
represents
"gold
standard"
diagnosis;
however,
recent
studies
have
evaluated
potential
use
non-invasive
methods,
such
as
"liquid
biopsy,"
detection
diagnostic
prognostic
biomarkers
body
fluids
patients.
Saliva
biofluid
containing
factors
cytokines,
DNA
RNA
molecules,
circulating
tissue-derived
cells,
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
that
may
be
used
biomarkers;
their
analysis
give
us
useful
information
to
do
early
improve
prognosis.
Therefore,
aim
this
review
reporting
data
on
saliva
biomarker
liquid
biopsy
from
patients,
with
particular
attention
tumor
(ctDNA),
EVs,
microRNAs
(miRNAs).
Our
results
highlight
several
promising
uses
management;
painless,
accessible,
low
cost
very
helpful
source
detection.
Even
if
standardized
protocols
isolation,
characterization,
evaluation
needed,
suggest
successfully
included
future
processes,
considerable
impact
treatment
strategies
favorable
outcome.
Nanomaterials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(6), P. 1481 - 1481
Published: June 3, 2021
Exosomes
as
nanosized
vesicles
are
emerging
drug
delivery
systems
for
therapeutics
owing
to
their
natural
origin,
ability
mediate
intercellular
communication,
and
potential
encapsulate
various
biological
molecules
such
proteins
nucleic
acids
within
the
lipid
bilayer
membrane
or
in
lumen.
contain
endogenous
components
(proteins,
lipids,
RNA)
that
could
be
used
deliver
cargoes
target
cells,
offering
an
opportunity
diagnose
treat
diseases.
Owing
travel
safely
extracellular
fluid
transport
cells
with
high
efficacy,
exosomes
offer
enhanced
of
vivo.
However,
several
challenges
related
stabilization
exosomes,
production
sufficient
amounts
safety
efficient
loading
drugs
into
clearance
from
circulation,
transition
bench
scale
clinical
may
limit
development
use.
For
use
it
is
important
understand
molecular
mechanisms
behind
function
exosome
vesicles.
This
review
exploits
techniques
isolation
characterization
enhance
therapeutic
outcome
methods.
Further,
routes
administration,
trials,
regulatory
aspects
will
discussed
this
review.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
123(12), P. 7953 - 8039
Published: June 1, 2023
Whole
blood,
as
one
of
the
most
significant
biological
fluids,
provides
critical
information
for
health
management
and
disease
monitoring.
Over
past
10
years,
advances
in
nanotechnology,
microfluidics,
biomarker
research
have
spurred
development
powerful
miniaturized
diagnostic
systems
whole
blood
testing
toward
goal
monitoring
treatment.
Among
techniques
employed
whole-blood
diagnostics,
electrochemical
biosensors,
known
to
be
rapid,
sensitive,
capable
miniaturization,
reagentless
washing
free,
become
a
class
emerging
technology
achieve
target
detection
specifically
directly
complex
media,
e.g.,
or
even
living
body.
Here
we
are
aiming
provide
comprehensive
review
summarize
over
decade
sensors
analysis.
Further,
address
remaining
challenges
opportunities
integrate
sensing
platforms.
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(8), P. 3996 - 4010
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Exosomes
are
nanosized
lipid
vesicles
originating
from
the
endosomal
system
that
carry
many
macromolecules
their
parental
cells
and
play
important
roles
in
intercellular
communication.
The
functions
underlying
mechanisms
of
exosomes
atherosclerosis
have
recently
been
intensively
studied.
In
this
review,
we
briefly
introduce
exosome
biology
then
focus
on
advances
atherosclerosis,
specifically
exosomal
changes
associated
with
cellular
origins
potential
functional
cargos,
detailed
impacts
recipient
cells.
We
also
discuss
as
biomarkers
drug
carriers
for
managing
atherosclerosis.
Small,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
17(35)
Published: June 2, 2021
Exosomes,
known
as
nanometer-sized
vesicles
(30-200
nm),
are
secreted
by
many
types
of
cells.
Cancer-derived
exosomes
have
great
potential
to
be
biomarkers
for
early
clinical
diagnosis
and
evaluation
cancer
therapeutic
efficacy.
Conventional
detection
methods
limited
low
sensitivity
reproducibility.
There
hundreds
papers
published
with
different
in
recent
years
address
these
challenges.
Therefore,
this
review,
pioneering
researches
about
various
strategies
comprehensively
summarized
the
analytical
performance
tests
is
evaluated.
Furthermore,
exosome
molecular
composition
(protein
nucleic
acid)
profiling,
a
single
their
application
reviewed.
Finally,
principles
applications
machine
learning
method
presented.
