Small,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(31)
Published: Feb. 21, 2023
Abstract
Carbon
dots
(CDs)
have
gradually
become
a
new
generation
of
nano‐luminescent
materials,
which
received
extensive
attention
due
to
excellent
optical
properties,
wide
source
raw
low
toxicity,
and
good
biocompatibility.
In
recent
years,
there
are
many
reports
on
the
luminescent
phenomenon
CDs,
great
progress
has
been
achieved.
However,there
rarely
systematic
summaries
CDs
with
persistent
luminescence.
Here,
summary
including
luminous
mechanism,
synthetic
strategies,
property
regulation,
potential
applications,
is
given.
First,
brief
introduction
given
development
materials.
Then,
mechanism
afterglow
from
room
temperature
phosphorescence
(RTP),
delayed
fluorescence
(DF),
long
luminescence
(LPL)
discussed.
Next,
constructed
methods
materials
summarized
two
aspects,
matrix‐free
self‐protected
matrix‐protected
CDs.
Moreover,
regulation
properties
color,
lifetime,
efficiency
presented.
Afterwards,
applications
such
as
anti‐counterfeiting,
information
encryption,
sensing,
bio‐imaging,
multicolor
display,
LED
devices,
etc.,
reviewed.
Finally,
an
outlook
proposed.
ACS Central Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
6(12), P. 2179 - 2195
Published: Dec. 14, 2020
Carbon
dots
(CDs),
as
a
new
type
of
carbon-based
nanomaterial,
have
attracted
broad
research
interest
for
years,
because
their
diverse
physicochemical
properties
and
favorable
attributes
like
good
biocompatibility,
unique
optical
properties,
low
cost,
ecofriendliness,
abundant
functional
groups
(e.g.,
amino,
hydroxyl,
carboxyl),
high
stability,
electron
mobility.
In
this
Outlook,
we
comprehensively
summarize
the
classification
CDs
based
on
analysis
formation
mechanism,
micro-/nanostructure
property
features,
describe
synthetic
methods
including
strong
absorption,
photoluminescence,
phosphorescence.
Furthermore,
recent
significant
advances
in
applications,
(sensor,
anticounterfeiting),
energy
(light-emitting
diodes,
catalysis,
photovoltaics,
supercapacitors),
promising
biomedicine,
are
systematically
highlighted.
Finally,
envisage
key
issues
to
be
challenged,
future
directions,
perspectives
show
full
picture
CDs-based
materials.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9(3)
Published: Nov. 19, 2021
Abstract
Ultralong
room‐temperature
phosphorescence
(RTP)
is
highly
useful
for
information
encryption,
organic
electronics,
bioelectronics,
etc.
However,
the
preparation
of
related
metal‐free
materials
with
multiple
colors
across
full
spectrum
remains
a
major
challenge.
Herein,
facile
method
developed
to
fabricate
boron‐doped
carbon
dot
(B‐CD)
composites
full‐color
long
lifetime
RTP
continuously
tailorable
in
range
466–638
nm
simply
by
pyrolysis
citric
acid
and
boric
precursors
various
mass
ratios
at
different
temperatures.
This
leads
formation
luminescent
B‐CD
centers
rigid
polycrystalline
B
2
O
3
matrix,
which
effectively
stabilizes
triplet
excited
states
B‐CDs.
Thus,
become
phosphorescent
over
relatively
period
(5–12
s)
after
removal
irradiation
source.
Meanwhile,
increased
particle
size
oxidation
degree
B‐CDs
obtained
larger
feeding
or
higher
temperature
shift
from
blue
red.
Due
luminescence
centers,
can
also
be
finely
modulated
excitation
wavelength.
The
resulting
tunable
further
allow
variety
distinctive
applications
multidimensional
encryption
handily
utilizing
space,
time,
color
variations.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(32), P. 7671 - 7687
Published: Aug. 5, 2021
Carbon
dots
(CDs)
have
excellent
luminescence
characteristics,
such
as
good
light
stability,
high
quantum
yield
(QY),
long
phosphorescence
lifetime,
and
a
wide
emission
wavelength
range,
resulting
in
CDs'
great
success
optical
applications.
Understanding
the
structure–property
relationships
CDs
is
essential
for
their
use
optoelectronic
However,
because
of
complex
nature
CD
structures
synthesis
processes,
understanding
mechanism
big
challenge.
This
Perspective
reviews
theoretical
efforts
toward
discusses
challenges
that
need
to
be
overcome
future
development
CDs.
Small,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
18(51)
Published: Nov. 3, 2022
Abstract
As
a
relatively
new
type
of
fluorescent
carbon‐based
nanomaterials,
multicolor
carbon
dots
(MCDs)
have
attracted
much
attention
because
their
excellent
biocompatibility,
tunable
photoluminescence
(PL),
high
quantum
yield,
and
unique
electronic
physicochemical
properties.
The
emission
characteristics
(CDs)
obviously
depend
on
the
source
precursor,
reaction
conditions,
environment,
which
directly
or
indirectly
determines
CDs.
Therefore,
this
review
is
first
systematic
classification
summary
multiple
regulation
methods
synthetic
MCDs
reviews
recent
research
progress
in
synthesis
from
variety
precursor
materials
such
as
aromatic
molecules,
small
organic
natural
biomass,
focusing
how
different
produce
corresponding
MCDs.
This
also
introduces
innovative
applications
fields
biological
imaging,
light‐emitting
diodes
(LEDs),
sensing,
anti‐counterfeiting
due
to
PL
It
hoped
that
by
selecting
appropriate
adjustment
methods,
can
inspire
guide
future
design
tailored
MCDs,
provide
help
for
development
multifunctional
Aggregate,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
3(2)
Published: Jan. 20, 2022
Abstract
The
aggregate
luminescence
behavior
of
organic
luminescent
materials
has
been
studied
extensively.
As
a
new
kind
nanomaterials,
carbonized
polymer
dots
(CPDs)
not
only
inherit
the
stability
and
biocompatibility
carbon
materials,
but
also
possess
tunability,
water
solubility,
high
photoluminescence
quantum
yield
rendering
them
strong
candidate
for
next
generation
light‐emitting
materials.
Previously,
people
mainly
understood
its
from
perspective
some
mechanisms
are
still
unclear.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
mechanism
by
referring
to
with
emphasis
on
their
aggregation
behavior.
Firstly,
three
representative
phenomena
briefly
introduced.
Chromophores
present
in
CPDs
elaborated
further
potential
interactions
between
them,
role
crosslinked
networks.
On
basis,
special
state
summarized,
relevant
discussed
detail
consolidate
statements.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
123(18), P. 11047 - 11136
Published: Sept. 7, 2023
Advances
in
nanotechnology
and
nanomaterials
have
attracted
considerable
interest
play
key
roles
scientific
innovations
diverse
fields.
In
particular,
increased
attention
has
been
focused
on
carbon-based
exhibiting
extended
structures
unique
properties.
Among
these
materials,
zero-dimensional
structures,
including
fullerenes,
carbon
nano-onions,
nanodiamonds,
dots,
possess
excellent
bioaffinities
superior
fluorescence
properties
that
make
suitable
for
application
to
environmental
biological
sensing,
imaging,
therapeutics.
This
review
provides
a
systematic
overview
of
the
classification
structural
properties,
design
principles
preparation
methods,
optical
sensing
applications
nanomaterials.
Recent
interesting
breakthroughs
sensitive
selective
imaging
heavy
metal
pollutants,
hazardous
substances,
bioactive
molecules
as
well
information
encryption,
super-resolution
photoacoustic
phototherapy
nanomedicine
delivery
are
main
focus
this
review.
Finally,
future
challenges
prospects
materials
highlighted
envisaged.
presents
comprehensive
basis
directions
designing,
developing,
applying
fascinating
fluorescent
sensors
fabricated
based
specific
requirements
numerous
research
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
35(6)
Published: Nov. 22, 2022
Highly
efficient
emission
has
been
a
long-lasting
pursuit
for
carbon
dots
(CDs)
owing
to
their
enormous
potential
in
optoelectronic
applications.
Nevertheless,
room-temperature
phosphorescence
(RTP)
performance
still
largely
lags
behind
outstanding
fluorescence
emission,
especially
the
blue
spectral
region.
Herein,
high-efficiency
RTP
CDs
have
designed
and
constructed
via
simple
molecular
engineering
strategy,
enabling
with
an
unprecedented
quantum
efficiency
of
50.17%
long
lifetime
2.03
s.
This
treating
route
facilitates
formation
high-density
(n,
π*)
configurations
CD
π-π
conjugate
system
through
introduction
abundant
functional
groups,
which
can
evoke
strong
spin-orbit
coupling
further
promote
intersystem
crossing
from
singlet
triplet
excited
states
radiative
recombination
ground
state.
With
phosphorescent
as
donors,
green,
red,
white
afterglow
composites
are
successfully
fabricated
effective
Förster
resonance
energy
transfer.
Importantly,
color
temperature
be
widely
facilely
tuned
cool
pure
warm
white.
Moreover,
advanced
information
encryption,
light
illumination,
afterglow/dynamic
visual
display
demonstrated
when
using
these
multicolor-emitting
CD-based
systems.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
60(41), P. 22253 - 22259
Published: Aug. 14, 2021
Abstract
Room‐temperature
afterglow
(RTA)
materials
with
long
lifetime
have
shown
tremendous
application
prospects
in
many
fields.
However,
there
is
no
general
design
strategy
to
construct
near‐infrared
(NIR)‐excited
multicolor
RTA
materials.
Herein,
we
report
a
universal
approach
based
on
the
efficient
radiative
energy
transfer
that
supports
reabsorption
from
upconversion
(UMs)
carbon
dots‐based
(CDAMs).
Thus,
emission
(blue,
cyan,
green,
and
orange)
of
various
CDAMs
can
be
activated
by
UMs
under
NIR
continuous‐wave
laser
excitation.
The
ensured
persistent
up
7
s,
6
5
0.5
s
naked
eyes,
respectively.
Given
unusual
properties,
demonstrated
preliminary
applications
fingerprint
recognition
information
security.
This
work
provides
new
avenue
for
activation
NIR‐excited
will
greatly
expand
