Exploring DNA Functionalization Techniques for Silver Nanoparticles DOI Creative Commons

Sebastian Freko,

Marta Nikić, Lennart J. K. Weiß

et al.

Advanced Materials Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Abstract Metal nanoparticle‐based spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) have been widely used in various fields, such as imaging and biosensing. However, functionalizing nanoparticles with specific properties, high DNA density or the attachment of long oligonucleotides, can be challenging. Choosing ideal strategy is essential, each functionalization method yields distinct results has its limitations. In this study, four techniques — salt‐aging, pH‐assisted, freezing‐directed, microwave (MW)‐assisted methods are investigated for modifying silver (AgNPs), focusing on thymine‐strands (T‐strands) varying lengths. The resulting DNA‐AgNP conjugates characterized using UV/Vis spectroscopy dynamic light scattering (DLS), colloidal stability loading assessed. reagent‐free freezing‐directed MW‐assisted follow a straightforward implementation. Generally, they result higher than salt‐aging pH‐assisted methods, particularly when longer strands. these require excess shorter strand lengths thus cannot to synthesize low densities. different properties exploited construct AgNP‐based SNAs specifications. findings provide methodological user guide facilitate selection most suitable strategy, thereby extending their utility nanobiotechnological applications.

Language: Английский

Exploring DNA Functionalization Techniques for Silver Nanoparticles DOI Creative Commons

Sebastian Freko,

Marta Nikić, Lennart J. K. Weiß

et al.

Advanced Materials Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Abstract Metal nanoparticle‐based spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) have been widely used in various fields, such as imaging and biosensing. However, functionalizing nanoparticles with specific properties, high DNA density or the attachment of long oligonucleotides, can be challenging. Choosing ideal strategy is essential, each functionalization method yields distinct results has its limitations. In this study, four techniques — salt‐aging, pH‐assisted, freezing‐directed, microwave (MW)‐assisted methods are investigated for modifying silver (AgNPs), focusing on thymine‐strands (T‐strands) varying lengths. The resulting DNA‐AgNP conjugates characterized using UV/Vis spectroscopy dynamic light scattering (DLS), colloidal stability loading assessed. reagent‐free freezing‐directed MW‐assisted follow a straightforward implementation. Generally, they result higher than salt‐aging pH‐assisted methods, particularly when longer strands. these require excess shorter strand lengths thus cannot to synthesize low densities. different properties exploited construct AgNP‐based SNAs specifications. findings provide methodological user guide facilitate selection most suitable strategy, thereby extending their utility nanobiotechnological applications.

Language: Английский

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