Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 27, 2025
Metal single atoms are widely used to optimize the microstructure of carbon materials improve their ion storage capacity and rate performance, but impact on another key parameter, Coulombic efficiency (CE), is not sufficiently addressed confirmed. Herein, a universal phenomenon reported that carbon-loaded asymmetric sulfur-modified metal-N4 moiety (MN4-S, M = Zn, Fe, Cu, Ni) possesses higher CE than symmetric MN4 moiety, this applicable various matrices, ions (Li+, Na+, K+), charge discharge rates, electrolyte formulations. The MN4-S exhibits larger CEs (0.03-0.46% average CEs, 4.2-28.4% initial CEs) smaller variance compared implying better reversible stability. mechanism driving revealed by ZnN4-S sodium process. coordination promotes rapid diffusion kinetics changing density. Meanwhile, can reduce adsorption energy regulate surface chemical reactivity material increase reversibility storage, thereby achieving
Language: Английский