An automated multi-model evapotranspiration mapping framework using remotely sensed and reanalysis data

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 229, P. 69 - 92

Published: May 9, 2019

Language: Английский

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The Curious Case of Projected Twenty-First-Century Drying but Greening in the American West

Journal of Climate, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 30(21), P. 8689 - 8710

Published: July 31, 2017

Climate models project significant twenty-first-century declines in water availability over the American West from anthropogenic warming. However, physical mechanisms underpinning this response are poorly characterized, as uncertainties vegetation's modulation of evaporative losses. To understand drivers and future hydroclimate West, a 35-member single model ensemble is used to examine summer soil moisture runoff forcing. Widespread dry season occur across region despite increases total water-year precipitation ubiquitous plant water-use efficiency. These modeled initially forced by snowpack losses that directly diminish water, even regions where increases. When priming coupled with warming- CO

Language: Английский

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Trait-based representation of hydrological functional properties of plants in weather and ecosystem models

Plant Diversity, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 1 - 12

Published: Nov. 24, 2016

Land surface models and dynamic global vegetation typically represent through coarse plant functional type groupings based on leaf form, phenology, bioclimatic limits. Although these were both feasible for early model generations, in light of the pace at which our knowledge ecology, ecosystem demographics, vegetation-climate feedbacks has advanced ever growing demand enhanced performance, have become antiquated are identified as a key source uncertainty. The newest wave development is centered shifting paradigm away from types (PFTs) towards flexible trait-based representations. These seek to improve errors fluxes that result information loss due over-aggregation dissimilar species into same class. We advocate importance inclusion hydraulic trait representation within new framework whole-plant strategy. Plant strategy known play critical role regulation stomatal conductance thus transpiration latent heat flux. It typical coexisting plants employ opposing strategies, therefore disparate patterns water acquisition use. Hydraulic traits deterministic drought resilience, response disturbance, other demographic processes. addition properties may not only simulation carbon but also population distributions.

Language: Английский

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Why do we have so many different hydrological models? A review based on the case of Switzerland

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Dec. 14, 2021

Abstract Hydrology plays a central role in applied and fundamental environmental sciences, but it is well known to suffer from an overwhelming diversity of models, particularly simulate streamflow. We discuss here detail how such did arise based on the example Switzerland. The case study's relevance stems fact that Switzerland, despite being small country, shows variety hydro‐climatological regimes, water resources management challenges, hydrological research institutes led model diversification stands exemplary for arose also at larger scales. Our analysis, literature review, personal inquiry, author survey, summarizes main driving forces behind diversification. anticipate this review not only helps researchers other fields particular international hydrology community understand why we have so many different streamflow models. This article categorized under: Science Water > Hydrological Processes Methods

Language: Английский

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Quantifying the effects of land use and model scale on water partitioning and water ages using tracer-aided ecohydrological models

Hydrology and earth system sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 2239 - 2259

Published: April 26, 2021

Abstract. Quantifying how vegetation mediates water partitioning at different spatial and temporal scales in complex, managed catchments is fundamental for long-term sustainable land management. Estimations from ecohydrological models conceptualising regulates the interrelationships between evapotranspiration losses, catchment storage dynamics, recharge runoff fluxes are needed to assess availability a range of ecosystem services evaluate these might change under increasing extreme events, such as droughts. Currently, feedback mechanisms mosaics cover not well understood across scales, effects on skill needs be clarified. We used tracer-aided model EcH2O-iso an intensively monitored 66 km2 mixed use northeastern Germany quantify flux–storage–age interactions four grid resolutions (250, 500, 750, 1000 m). This fusion field (including precipitation, soil water, groundwater, stream isotopes) remote sensing data calibration. Multicriteria calibration each resolution revealed some differences estimation fluxes, storages, ages. In general, sensitivity decreased uncertainty increased with coarser resolutions. Larger grids were unable replicate observed streamflow distributed isotope dynamics way smaller pixels could. However, using still helped constrain storage, ages Despite same parameterisation resolutions, modelled proportion differed slightly resolution, coarse simulating higher evapotranspiration, lower relative transpiration, overland flow, slower groundwater movement. Although also overall performance, results broadly similar. The study shows that tracers provide effective constraints larger modelling help us understand influence simulation vegetation–soil interactions. essential interpreting associated estimating large-scale “blue” (ground surface water) “green” (vegetation evaporated particularly future environmental change.

Language: Английский

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