Late positive potential reveals sustained threat contingencies despite extinction in adolescents but not adults

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Abstract Background Major theories link threat learning processes to anxiety symptoms, which typically emerge during adolescence. While this developmental stage is marked by substantial maturation of the neural circuity involved in learning, research directly examining adolescence-specific patterns responding scarce. This study compared adolescents and adults acquisition extinction conditioned responses assessed at cognitive, psychophysiological, levels, focusing on late positive potential (LPP), an event-related (ERP) component indexing emotional valence. Method Sixty-five 63 completed extinction, 24 h apart, using bell conditioning paradigm. Self-reported fear, skin conductance (SCR), ERPs were measured. Results Developmental differences emerged psychophysiological acquisition, with displaying heightened LPP safety cues as well threat-specific SCR adults. During suggested comparable reduction across groups, while revealed incomplete only among adolescents. Finally, age moderated between severity LPP-assessed whereby greater was associated reduced younger participants. Conclusions In line theories, adolescence characterized a specific age-related difficulty adapting diminishing significance prior threats, contributing vulnerability symptoms. Further, appears be sensitive may thus potentially serve useful biomarker adolescents, anxiety.

Language: Английский

Fear and Safety Learning in Anxiety- and Stress-Related Disorders: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105983 - 105983

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский