Biological Impacts of Marine Heatwaves

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 119 - 145

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Climatic extremes are becoming increasingly common against a background trend of global warming. In the oceans, marine heatwaves (MHWs)-discrete periods anomalously warm water-have intensified and become more frequent over past century, impacting integrity ecosystems globally. We review synthesize current understanding MHW impacts at individual, population, community levels. then examine how these affect broader ecosystem services discuss state research on biological MHWs. Finally, we explore emergent approaches to predicting occurrence andimpacts future events, along with adaptation management approaches. With further increases in intensity frequency projected for coming decades, MHWs emerging as pervasive stressors A deeper mechanistic their is needed better predict adapt increased activity Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean Region

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 2233 - 2272

Published: June 22, 2023

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Language: Английский

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Biodiversity, climate change, and adaptation in the Mediterranean

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(4)

Published: April 1, 2022

Abstract Potential for, and limits to, adaptation to environmental changes are critical for resilience risk mitigation. The Mediterranean basin is a mosaic of biodiversity‐rich ecosystems long affected by human influence, whose now questioned climate change. After reviewing the different components biological adaptation, we present main characteristics marine terrestrial biodiversity in pressures they face. Taking climatic trends into consideration, discuss adaptive potential range dominated species without active dispersal. We argue that high heterogeneity landscapes seascapes constitutes laboratory study when conditions change rapidly may provide opportunities adaptability ecosystems. Adaptive management can should harness nature‐based solutions offered both ecological evolutionary processes increasing

Language: Английский

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Evolution of marine heatwaves in warming seas: the Mediterranean Sea case study

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: June 30, 2023

Anomalous warming of the upper ocean is increasingly being observed in Mediterranean Sea. Extreme events, known as marine heatwaves (MHWs), can have a profound impact on ecosystems, and their correct detection characterization are crucial to define future scenarios. Here, we analyze MHWs over last 41 years (1982–2022) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). We show that intensification frequency, intensity, duration recent mainly due shift SST mean occurred two decades largely reduced when analyzing detrended data. Detrending thus allows use fixed climatology without overestimating MHW properties time distinguishes long-term (i.e., trend) from transient abrupt changes. Analogous results also found shorter temporal period, by 13 (2007–2020) situ data collected at different depths (5 40 m) Columbretes Islands. Additionally, analysis reveals atmospheric summer could affect layer 10 m depth. Lastly, catalogue major since 1982 presented. This evidences an exceptionally long-lasting intense MHW, starting May 2022 persisting, least, until end year, resulting event with highest cumulative intensity just after well-known 2003 event.

Language: Английский

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Marine heatwaves on the rise: One of the strongest ever observed mass mortality event in temperate gorgonians

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(22), P. 6159 - 6162

Published: Sept. 8, 2023

Gorgonian population after the 2022 mass mortality event (MME) in Calanques National Park. The year was marked by a historic gorgonian MME. This study describes consequences for red (Paramuricea clavata) and coral (Corallium rubrum) populations Park (Marseille, France).

Language: Английский

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Marine protected areas in a changing ocean: Adaptive management can mitigate the synergistic effects of local and climate change impacts

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 282, P. 110048 - 110048

Published: April 20, 2023

During the last two decades, several Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) have affected coralligenous assemblages in Mediterranean Sea, causing catastrophic mass mortalities of habitat-forming species such as gorgonians, corals, and sponges. Even though Protected Areas (MPAs) are contributing to effectively protect marine ecosystems, impacts associated extreme climatic events within MPAs jeopardizing their protective role. Therefore, minimizing local stressors is crucial minimize interactive effects with global, more difficult manage, stressors. To address this, we assessed what extent regulation diving frequentation can support effective protection climate change, focusing on case study Medes Islands, which has recently suffered different global one most visited Sea. We combined 6 years demographic data red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata population modelling tools, explore long-term viability this managing schemes mortality scenarios. Overall, our results show that climate-adaptive management recreational activity under change enhance key octocoral, otherwise predicted go locally extinct at shallow depths (<25 m) next 20 years. This provides few attempts quantify an adaptive scheme may help delay a Area.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Thermal Stress on the Physiology and Bacterial Communities of Two Key Mediterranean Gorgonians

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 88(6)

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

In the Mediterranean Sea, tree-shaped gorgonian corals form large forests that provide a place to live for many species. Because of this important ecological role, it is crucial understand how common habitat-forming gorgonians, like Eunicella cavolini and Paramuricea clavata , are affected by high seawater temperatures expected in future due climate change.

Language: Английский

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How human health and well-being depends on healthy marine habitats in the Mediterranean: A review

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. e24329 - e24329

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Human health and well-being, how they are affected by terrestrial freshwater ecosystems have been the subject of numerous studies. In contrast, there very few such studies relating to marine ecosystems. Here, in context Mediterranean Sea, we assess evidence broad interplay relationships between habitats human well-being. Our review shows that major provide various provisioning, cultural regulating services improve physical mental a number different ways. These include: (i) provision seafood rich omega-3 fatty acids, which help reduce risk developing certain types illnesses; also, species produce bioactive compounds potential sources new drugs; (ii) blue spaces – areas water suitable for leisure recreational activities able inspire, educate, appeal aesthetic senses not only increase psychological health, but also foster an individual collective sense place identity contribute improving social relations; (iii) regulation climate change, quality pollution, example via sequestration carbon heavy metals, thus reducing associated risks. results show valuable highlighting need conserve as much these possible (particularly through protected areas) carry out determine specific causal pathways characteristics including biotic (e.g. biodiversity) abiotic quality) factors affect

Language: Английский

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Not out of the Mediterranean: Atlantic populations of the gorgonian Paramuricea clavata are a separate sister species under further lineage diversification

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The accurate delimitation of species boundaries in nonbilaterian marine taxa is notoriously difficult, with consequences for many studies ecology and evolution. Anthozoans are a diverse group key structural organisms worldwide, but the lack reliable morphological characters informative genetic markers hampers our ability to understand diversification. We investigated population differentiation limits Atlantic (Iberian Peninsula) Mediterranean lineages octocoral genus

Language: Английский

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Restoration of animal forests: a novel transplantion method for coastal octocorals in the NE Atlantic

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Octocorals are among the main habitat‐engineering species, generating complex three‐dimensional ecosystems of unquestioned importance. Despite their importance, octocoral habitats have dramatically declined in last decades due to several stressors. Consequently, gardens internationally recognized as Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems. In decade, restoration methodologies were object study, yet long‐term success was sparsely achieved or lacked assessment. To reverse actual scenario, it is important develop cost‐efficient recover impacted, endangered habitats. this 4‐year we developed and tested Direct Substrate Attachment (DSA) method. This novel transplant method trialed with two size classes species Paramuricea grayi extended a third class (20–40 cm) using Leptogorgia sarmentosa . With recorded 95% attachment success, yearly annual positive growth, survival 75% after 4 years, prove suitability DSA methodology habitat restoration. Moreover, did not influence success; all transplants had verifiable holdfast growth rates up 8.34 ± 1.7 cm. Seasonal health status monitored compared further assess transplant. The performed date first successful Atlantic temperate seas proven success. results especially moment where ecological degradation mitigation efforts hot topic decision‐makers. Using methodology, transplantation possible should be considered conservation efforts.

Language: Английский

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