Frontiers in Animal Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5
Published: April 30, 2024
Reptile
expos
are
typically
itinerant
events
at
which
live
wild-caught
and/or
captive-bred
turtles,
tortoises,
crocodiles,
lizards,
and
snakes
displayed,
sold,
or
exchanged
for
pet
keeping
purposes.
We
conducted
a
literature
review
analysis
of
reports
regarding
animal
welfare
public
health
issues
concern
associated
with
the
display
sale
reptiles
in
Europe
North
America.
also
limited
survey
several
relevant
government
authorities
to
briefly
appraise
existing
situations
governance
law
internationally,
performed
further
examination
online
advertisements
order
estimate
number
events.
In
addition,
we
an
comparing
husbandry
standards
reptile
versus
other
using
UK
formal
legal
guidance,
adopts
Five
Welfare
Needs
as
basis.
Finally,
SWOT
(strengths,
weaknesses,
opportunities,
threats)
key
features
expos.
identified
least
10
5
safety
problems
occurring
endemic
typical
operation
Comparisons
between
ways
regarded
managed
relation
to,
example,
traditional
zoos,
mobile
sales
stark
concerning,
constituting
protective
potentially
most
harmful
out
all
captive
reptile-keeping
scenarios.
The
lack
monitoring
control
expos,
combined
their
frequent
occurrence,
strongly
indicates
requirement
urgently
prohibit
these
recommend
that
where
already
essentially
prohibited
such
bans
should
be
immutable
not
subject
any
weakening
provisions.
Where
permitted
limiting
conditions,
then
our
recommended
40
stipulations
overarching
principles
applied
interim
mitigating
measures
pending
introduction
prohibitions
‘bans’.
Governments
aim
ensure
enforcement
is
robust.
Animal Welfare,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
32
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Abstract
Zoos
and
aquaria
are
paying
increasing
attention
to
environmental
enrichment,
which
has
proven
an
effective
tool
for
the
improvement
of
animal
welfare.
However,
several
ongoing
issues
have
hampered
progress
in
enrichment
research.
Foremost
among
these
is
taxonomic
bias,
hinders
our
understanding
value
neglected
groups,
such
as
reptiles.
In
this
study,
we
evaluated
status
reptiles
European
zoos
using
a
survey
approach.
A
total
121
(32%
response
rate)
completed
main
survey,
focusing
on
use
different
types
We
found
significant
differences
and/or
type
between
reptile
groups.
Tortoises
(family
Testudinidae)
monitor
lizards
(genus
Varanus
)
were
most
enriched
taxa
while
venomous
snakes
least.
The
used
across
structural/habitat
design
dietary.
second,
more
detailed,
questionnaire
followed,
where
participants
questioned
about
specific
techniques.
42
methods
reported,
with
two
being
represented
all
taxa:
structural/thermal
complexity
objects.
Finally,
present
information
from
participating
goals,
assessment
methods,
sources
ideas,
whether
considered
essential
implemented
routinely.
Results
suggest
that,
although
usage
widespread
zoos,
needs
be
re-evaluated,
since
many
techniques
reported
tread
fine
line
basic
husbandry
actual
enrichment.
Deleted Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1(1)
Published: July 31, 2024
Abstract
The
Five
Freedoms,
Domains,
Welfare
Needs,
and
other
similar
models
or
principles,
are
key
aspirational
outcome-led
frameworks
aimed
at
safeguarding
animals
under
human
custodianship,
widely
used
in
legislation,
guidance
documents,
protocols.
We
to
investigate
the
effectiveness
of
these
animal
welfare
as
intended
protections.
Our
study
considered
three
informational
tiers
relevance
for
guidance:
Tier
1,
principles
governing
legislation;
2,
formal
secondary
guidance;
3,
outcomes.
conducted
a
literature
review
models,
well
reports
persistent
problems
associated
with
exotic
pets,
collated
available
examples
relevant
legislation
their
implementation.
Of
91
studied
regions
that
adopted
following
were
directly
closely
aligned
with:
Freedoms
n
=
64,
Needs
26,
Domains
1.
identified
numbers
concerns
kept
trade
private
home
situations:
invertebrates
21,
fishes
27,
amphibians
reptiles
43,
birds
22,
mammals
43.
Despite
frequent
adoption
one
model
principle,
regularly
relation
both
commercial
environments
across
all
classes.
recommend
is
assigned
priority
over
traditional
pet
selling
keeping
practices
through
modernised
underpinned
by
evolving
scientific
knowledge
precautionary
aim
promote
animal-centric
preferred
life
quality.
