Telomere Length and Symptoms of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in Children at 6–12 Years

Journal of Attention Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Objective: To explore the association between telomere length (TL) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children at 6–12 years. Method: Data from 1,759 belonging to HELIX project cohorts Asturias, Gipuzkoa Valencia of INMA were included. TL was determined by blood sample using a PCR protocol. ADHD described parents Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Short Form. Multiple negative binomial regression models adjusted for potential confounders used estimate associations. Results: Overall estimates showed no associations symptoms. However, we observed that longer significantly associated with lower risk presenting (IRR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.87, 0.99]; p .022). Conclusion: While our study did not find consistent across all cohorts, significant found within cohort suggests may be linked Further research is needed this more detail.

Language: Английский

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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 attenuates hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 2668 - 2678

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 ameliorated hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model by reshaping the gut microbiota composition, alleviating neuron loss inflammation, regulating neurotransmitter release.

Language: Английский

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Transcranial photobiomodulation for neurodevelopmental disorders: a narrative review

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 1609 - 1623

Published: July 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Investigating the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in iPSC-derived forebrain cortical neurons from ADHD patients

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 182, P. 257 - 269

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Metabolomic and Lipidomic Profiling Reveals Convergent Pathways in ADHD Therapeutics: Insights from Established and Emerging Treatments

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 392(4), P. 103403 - 103403

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental with unclear pathological mechanisms. ADHD treated both stimulant and nonstimulant medications, but their therapeutic mechanisms impact on brain metabolites are not fully understood. This study employed an untargeted metabolomics approach liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to investigate the pathogenesis of ADHD, as well effects established novel therapeutics. We characterized metabolomic signatures adgrl3.1 mutant zebrafish model examined methylphenidate, guanfacine, atomoxetine, 5 putative therapeutics identified in prior screen, including amlodipine. Our analysis revealed that drugs commonly affect pathways related amino acid lipid metabolism, specifically involving glycine, serine, threonine, phenylalanine, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin. convergence similar metabolic targets was unexpected suggests broader, systemic effect therapeutics, challenging traditional view distinct drug Amlodipine exhibited consistent treatments, indicating its potential viable alternative or adjunct therapy. These findings provide new insights into underpinnings highlight for developing improved strategies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: explores affected by attention treatments using model. Untargeted medications influence common metabolism pathways, suggesting effects. Notably, amlodipine showed impacts current drugs, offering promise

Language: Английский

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An Overview of Oxidative Stress in Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies in Pediatric Populations

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 531 - 531

Published: April 29, 2025

Background: Oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs), such Turner syndrome (TS) Klinefelter (KS). Pediatric patients with SCAs are particularly susceptible due to hormonal deficiencies, metabolic disturbances, systemic complications. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted November 2024 using PubMed, Scopus, Web Science. Keywords included “antioxidants”, “oxidative stress”, “pediatrics”, “Turner syndrome”, “Klinefelter “sex aneuploidies”. English-language articles were without publication year restrictions. Relevant data on oxidative stress mechanisms interventions systematically extracted. Results: The relationship can be described bidirectional, where both contributes is exacerbated by aneuploidies. TS marked estrogen deficiency, cardiovascular anomalies, dysfunction, all linked heightened stress. KS associated hypogonadism, syndrome, neurocognitive challenges, further damage. aneuploid condition predisposes increased other SCAs, including 47,XXX 47,XYY, well high-grade Emerging evidence highlights therapeutic potential antioxidants, vitamin C, E, glutathione precursors, polyphenols, melatonin. These interventions, when combined therapies replacement or testosterone KS, demonstrate synergistic effects restoring redox balance mitigating Conclusions: significantly impacts progression pediatric populations, amplifying risks across metabolic, cardiovascular, domains. Early, tailored strategies, integrated syndrome-specific therapies, could reduce long-term complications improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus standardizing protocols optimize these for SCAs.

Language: Английский

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Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With Stimulants: Reducing Harms

Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 63(3), P. 7 - 10

Published: March 1, 2025

An increase in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnoses since 2020, along with shortages prescription stimulants and an overdose deaths from stimulants, has triggered alarm within the public sector, regulatory agencies, health care systems. Stimulants are classified as Schedule II drugs by Drug Enforcement Administration due to potential for misuse physiological psychological dependence. Despite concerns, effective first-line treatments children adults ADHD. The majority of related linked illicitly manufactured that may contain synthetic opioid, fentanyl. current article provides a brief overview problem, clinical strategies preventing reducing harm. [Journal Psychosocial Nursing Mental Health Services, 63(3), 7-10.].

Language: Английский

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The Relationship Between Chronic Pruritus, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, and Skin Picking—A Case Series and Narrative Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1774 - 1774

Published: March 6, 2025

Chronic pruritus (CP), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and skin picking (SPD) are medical conditions that involve both somatic psychosocial dimensions, posing unique challenges in clinical management. While CP SPD often observed together, the link between ADHD these is less recognized. This conceptual work describes three women who suffered from a complex interplay of CP, ADHD, treated at our specialized bi-disciplinary psychodermatological clinic. Based on observation narrative review literature, we assume bidirectional, triangular relationship SPD. To support this assumption, propose two hypotheses: (1) neurodevelopmental hypothesis, emphasizing an underlying disorder, case, might present with symptoms like dysfunction sensory processing, impulsivity, attention deficits as shared features reinforce SPD, (2) neuroinflammatory suggesting similar signatures promote co-occurrence In addition, provide specific suggestions derived experience how to manage patients combination conditions. Elucidating help develop personalized treatment strategies improve outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Modulating Multiple Molecular Trajectories by Nutraceuticals and/or Physical Activity in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-Like Behaviors in Rat Pups

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 18, 2025

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting cognitive and social functions all over childhood. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) common food additive associated with ADHD-like symptoms in children. Nutraceuticals, like sesamol (SE) astaxanthin (AST), or physical activity (PHA) were reported to possess beneficial effects on human health. Meanwhile, still their neuroprotective effect against ADHD has been poorly investigated. This study aimed investigate the impact of SE, AST PHA either separately combined behaviors induced by MSG rat pups. Eighty-four male Sprague Dawley pups randomly allocated into seven groups; control, MSG, (PHA + MSG), (SE (AST (COMB [PHA SE AST] MSG) treated for eight weeks. MSG-induced behavior was evaluated, via assessing behavioral outcomes; neurotransmitters' levels; five pathway biomarkers, coupled histopathological immunohistochemical studies. Rats exposed exhibited enhanced attention, locomotor, abilities, compared MSG-intoxicated group. All treatments remarkably improved abnormalities biochemical markers; along histological findings, modulating HMGB1/RAGE/JAK-2/STAT-3, PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF, AMPK/SIRT-1 PERK/CHOP pathways. Nevertheless, combination nutraceuticals AST) elicited more favorable measured parameters other groups. In conclusion, this revealed superiority PHA, standalone treatments, amelioration pups, fine-tuning HMGB1/RAGE,

Language: Английский

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Maternal Immune-Mediated Conditions and ADHD Risk in Offspring

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 14, 2025

BACKGROUND Maternal immune-mediated conditions during pregnancy have been linked with increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring. However, we do not know the extent to which these associations are influenced by shared genetic predispositions, as opposed maternal inflammatory/immune responses pregnancy. This study contributes using paternal a negative control explore underlying factors, investigate between and offspring ADHD. METHODS Prospective data from Norwegian Mother, Father, Child Cohort Study (MoBa) was Medical Birth Registry Norway (MBRN) Patient (NPR) assess prenatal exposure ADHD up age 18. Nationwide recruitment 1999 2008 resulted 104,270 eligible mother-child pairs. Among these, 21,340 children were exposed allergic (asthma, allergies, atopic conditions) 7,478 other immune (autoimmune, inflammatory). Paternal self-reported served controls for confounding. Data mostly collected through MoBa, additional condition cases sourced MBRN, children’s diagnoses obtained NPR. Cox proportional hazard models estimated Hazard ratios diagnoses. RESULTS Both overall categories associated (allergic HR 1.23 95% CI, 1.14–1.34; 1.36 1.21–1.53). Specifically, found asthma (HR 1.47 1.30–1.67); allergies 1.20 1.10–1.31); rheumatologic/musculoskeletal 1.64 1.28–2.10), Crohn’s disease/ulcerative colitis (adjusted 1.95 1.23–3.09), endocrine 1.42 1.15–1.77), specifically, type 1 diabetes 2.50 1.66–3.75). Although some (psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, disease) showed similar trends offspring, only significantly 1.26 1.10–1.45). CONCLUSIONS Several Observations higher, more consistent estimates most versus ones indicate that unmeasured confounding does fully explain associations. These results suggest direct effects on fetal development events at maternal-fetal interface may alter potentially lead greater Asthma be possible exception this mechanism, also

Language: Английский

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