Impact of hyper- and hypothermia on cellular and whole-body physiology

Journal of Intensive Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

The incidence of heat-related illnesses and heatstroke continues to rise amidst global warming. Hyperthermia triggers inflammation, coagulation, progressive multiorgan dysfunction, and, at levels above 40 °C, can even lead cell death. Blood cells, particularly granulocytes platelets, are highly sensitive heat, which promotes proinflammatory procoagulant changes. Key factors in pathophysiology involve mitochondrial thermal damage excessive oxidative stress, drive apoptosis necrosis. While the kinetics cellular from heat have been extensively studied, mechanisms driving heat-induced organ death not yet fully understood. Converse hyperthermia, hypothermia is generally protective, as seen therapeutic hypothermia. However, accidental presents another environmental threat due arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, coagulopathy. From a physiology perspective, supports homeostasis enhances preservation, aiding whole-body recovery following resuscitation. This review summarizes recent findings on temperature-related preservation suggests future research directions for understanding tempo-physiologic axis.

Language: Английский

The significance of calcium ions in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: mechanisms and intervention strategies

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 12, 2025

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) represents a multifaceted pathological phenomenon characterized by an array of molecular and cellular mechanisms, which significantly contribute to neurological dysfunction. Evidence suggests that calcium ions play indispensable role in this context, as abnormal elevations concentrations exacerbate neuronal intensify functional deficits. These are integral not only for intracellular signaling pathways but also various processes, such programmed cell death, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress. This review article elucidates the physiological framework homeostasis precise mechanisms through influence CIRI. Moreover, it addresses potential intervention strategies, including channel blockers, calmodulin (CaM) inhibitors, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents. Despite proposal certain their effectiveness safety clinical settings warrant further scrutiny. In conclusion, highlights limitations current research anticipates future investigative trajectories, aiming provide theoretical foundation reference development more efficacious treatment modalities.

Language: Английский