Endocrine cybernetics: neuropeptides as molecular switches in behavioural decisions

Open Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(7)

Published: July 1, 2022

Plasticity in animal behaviour relies on the ability to integrate external and internal cues from changing environment hence modulate activity synaptic circuits of brain. This context-dependent neuromodulation is largely based non-synaptic signalling with neuropeptides. Here, we describe select peptidergic systems Drosophila brain that act at different levels a hierarchy associated physiology. These regions, such as central complex mushroom bodies, which supervise specific behaviours. At top level there are small numbers large neurons arborize widely multiple areas orchestrate or global state manner. bottom local provide executive sensory gain intrinsically restricted parts neuronal circuits. The orchestrating receive interoceptive signals mediate energy sleep homeostasis, metabolic circadian timing, well affect food search, aggression mating. Some these can be triggers conflicting behaviours mating versus aggression, feeding, participate circuits, enabling choices switches.

Language: Английский

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Dietary cysteine drives body fat loss via FMRFamide signaling in Drosophila and mouse

Cell Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(6), P. 434 - 447

Published: April 13, 2023

Abstract Obesity imposes a global health threat and calls for safe effective therapeutic options. Here, we found that protein-rich diet significantly reduced body fat storage in fruit flies, which was largely attributed to dietary cysteine intake. Mechanistically, increased the production of neuropeptide FMRFamide (FMRFa). Enhanced FMRFa activity simultaneously promoted energy expenditure suppressed food intake through its cognate receptor (FMRFaR), both contributing loss effect. In body, signaling lipolysis by increasing PKA lipase activity. sweet-sensing gustatory neurons, appetitive perception hence We also demonstrated worked similar way mice via FF (NPFF) signaling, mammalian RFamide peptide. addition, or FMRFa/NPFF administration provided protective effect against metabolic stress flies without behavioral abnormalities. Therefore, our study reveals novel target development therapies obesity related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary conserved peptide and glycoprotein hormone-like neuroendocrine systems in C. elegans

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 584, P. 112162 - 112162

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

Peptides and protein hormones form the largest group of secreted signals that mediate intercellular communication are central regulators physiology behavior in all animals. Phylogenetic analyses biochemical identifications peptide-receptor systems reveal a broad evolutionary conservation these signaling at molecular level. Substantial progress has been made recent years on characterizing physiological putative ancestral roles many peptide through comparative studies invertebrate models. Several peptides not only molecularly conserved but also have across animal phyla. Here, we focus functional insights gained nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that, with its compact well-described nervous system, provides powerful model to dissect neuroendocrine networks involved control behavior. We summarize discoveries knowledge functions hormone C. elegans.

Language: Английский

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Synaptic connectome of a neurosecretory network in the Drosophila brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Abstract Hormones mediate inter-organ signaling which is crucial in orchestrating diverse behaviors and physiological processes including sleep activity, feeding, growth, metabolism reproduction. The pars intercerebralis lateralis insects represent major hubs contain neurosecretory cells (NSC) that produce various hormones. To obtain insight into how hormonal regulated, we have characterized the synaptic connectome of NSC adult Drosophila brain. Identification neurons providing inputs to multiple subtypes implicates diuretic hormone 44-expressing as a coordinator physiology behavior. Surprisingly, despite most having dendrites subesophageal zone (primary taste processing center), gustatory are largely indirect. We also deciphered pathways via olfactory relayed NSC. Further, our analyses revealed substantial from descending NSC, suggesting regulate both endocrine motor output synchronize changes with appropriate behaviors. In contrast inputs, sparse mostly mediated by corazonin Therefore, additionally determine putative paracrine interconnectivity between peripheral tissues analyzing single-cell transcriptomic datasets. Our comprehensive characterization network provides platform understand complex networks they orchestrate animal physiology.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of sulfakinin and its role in larval feeding and molting in Spodoptera frugiperda

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Feeding and molting are particularly important physiological processes for insects, it has been reported that neuropeptides involved in the nervous regulation of these 2 processes. Sulfakinin (SK) is an neuropeptide widely distributed among insects plays a pivotal role regulating feeding, courtship, aggression, locomotion. In this study, we investigated involvement SK feeding on highly notorious pest insect, fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. transcript levels were found all larval stages there was predominant expression brain 5th instar larvae. By immunostaining, detected pairs cells median protocerebrum. But during prolonged periods starvation, significant reduction messenger RNA levels; however, subsequent refeeding led to notable increase. To investigate molting, silenced S. frugiperda larvae through interference. This resulted increase food intake, weight gain, process happened more rapidly double-stranded SK-treated compared controls. Conversely, injection sulfated peptide (sSK) caused opposite effects. Interestingly, SK-knockdown increased 20-hydroxyecdysone also some signaling pathway genes. Altogether, study highlights played by

Language: Английский

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Localization of Cholecystokinin/Sulfakinin Neuropeptides in Biomphalaria glabrata, an Intermediate Host for Schistosomiasis

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 533(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Snails belonging to the genus Biomphalaria serve as obligatory intermediate hosts for trematode Schistosoma mansoni, causative agent most widespread form of schistosomiasis. The simpler nervous systems gastropod molluscs, such Biomphalaria, provide advantageous models investigating neural responses infection at cellular and network levels. present study examined neuropeptides related cholecystokinin (CCK), a major multifunctional regulator central system (CNS) function in mammals. A transcriptome generated from CNS alexandrina included transcript encoding two CCK-related peptides, designated Balex-CCK1 (pEGEWSYDY(SO 3 H)GLGGGRF-NH2) Balex-CCK2 (NYGDY(SO H)GIGGGRF-NH2). Peptide expression was glabrata mRNA level using hybridization chain reaction (HCR) protocol protein an antibody against Balex-CCK1. Expression detected 60-70 neurons distributed throughout CNS, well profuse fiber connecting ganglia projecting periphery. CCK-like immunoreactive (CCKli) fibers were also observed on organs associated with cardiorespiratory (nephridium, mantle, gill) male reproductive systems. comparison peptide localization suggested that CCK could be regulated translation. potential role these peptides mediating by larval schistosomes is discussed.

Language: Английский

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Comparative perspectives on neuropeptide function and social isolation

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Neuropeptide Sulfakinin, a peripheral regulator of insect behavioral switch between mating and foraging

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Behavioral strategies for foraging and reproduction in the oriental fruit fly ( Bactrocera dorsalis ) are alternative options resource allocation controlled by neuropeptides. Here we show that behavioral switch between is associated with changes antennal sensitivity. Starved flies became more sensitive to food odors while suppressing their response opposite-sex pheromones. The gene encoding sulfakinin receptor 1 SkR1 was significantly upregulated antennae of starved flies, so tested phenotypes null mutants genes skr1 −/− its ligand sk ). In both knockout lines, responses shifted mating mode even when were starved. This suggests signaling via promotes mating. Further analysis mutant revealed sets odorant (OR) differentially expressed. Functional characterization expressed ORs suggested directly suppresses expression respond hormones enhancing detect volatiles. We conclude SkR1, modulating OR expressions leading altered antenna sensitivities, an important component starvation-dependent change.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionarily conserved roles of cholecystokinin signaling

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 21 - 70

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Neuropeptide Sulfakinin, a peripheral regulator of insect behavioral switch between mating and foraging

Published: April 9, 2025

Behavioral strategies for foraging and reproduction in the oriental fruit fly ( Bactrocera dorsalis ) are alternative options resource allocation controlled by neuropeptides. Here we show that behavioral switch between is associated with changes antennal sensitivity. Starved flies became more sensitive to food odors while suppressing their response opposite-sex pheromones. The gene encoding sulfakinin receptor 1 SkR1 was significantly upregulated antennae of starved flies, so tested phenotypes null mutants genes skr1 -/- its ligand sk ). In both knockout lines, responses shifted mating mode even when were starved. This suggests signaling via promotes mating. Further analysis mutant revealed sets odorant (OR) differentially expressed. Functional characterization expressed ORs suggested directly suppresses expression respond hormones enhancing detect volatiles. We conclude SkR1, modulating OR expressions leading altered antenna sensitivities, an important component starvation-dependent change.

Language: Английский

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