Biology Direct,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: Dec. 26, 2024
Alveolar
macrophages
(AMs)
is
critical
to
exacerbate
acute
lung
injury
(ALI)
induced
by
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
via
inhibiting
inflammation,
which
could
shifted
mesenchymal
stem
cell-derived
exosomes
(MSC-exos).
But
the
underlying
rationale
not
fully
clarified.
Our
study
aimed
analyze
significance
of
itaconic
acid
(ITA)
in
mediating
protective
effects
MSC-exos
on
LPS-induced
ALI.
were
used
treat
pulmonary
microvascular
endothelial
cells
(PMVECs)
co-cultured
with
AMs
under
LPS
stimulation.
si-IRG1
was
transfected
AMs.
PMVEC
permeability,
apoptosis
rates,
and
inflammatory
cytokine
levels
assessed.
In
vivo,
C57BL/6
wild-type
(WT)
Irg1−/−
mice
employed
explore
protection
against
The
determined
histological
biochemical
assays.
ITA
measured
using
gas
chromatography-mass
spectrometry.
Western
blot
flow
cytometry
analyses
performed
assess
M1/M2
polarization.
Co-culture
significantly
increased
IL-6,
TNF-α
Claudin-5
ZO-1
expression
treatment,
attenuated
accompanied
enhanced
level.
After
transfection,
MSC-exos'
efficacy
reversed,
suppressed
M2
alleviated
alveolar
structure
disruption,
edema,
inflammation
concentration
WT
but
had
reduced
mice,
neglected
secretion
facilitated
benefits
damage
ALI
promoting
AM
polarization,
highlighting
a
potential
therapeutic
strategy
for
related
diseases.
MedComm,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(10)
Published: Sept. 21, 2024
Organoids
are
miniature,
highly
accurate
representations
of
organs
that
capture
the
structure
and
unique
functions
specific
organs.
Although
field
organoids
has
experienced
exponential
growth,
driven
by
advances
in
artificial
intelligence,
gene
editing,
bioinstrumentation,
a
comprehensive
overview
organoid
applications
remains
necessary.
This
review
offers
detailed
exploration
historical
origins
characteristics
various
types,
their
applications-including
disease
modeling,
drug
toxicity
efficacy
assessments,
precision
medicine,
regenerative
medicine-as
well
as
current
challenges
future
directions
research.
have
proven
instrumental
elucidating
genetic
cell
fate
hereditary
diseases,
infectious
metabolic
disorders,
malignancies,
study
processes
such
embryonic
development,
molecular
mechanisms,
host-microbe
interactions.
Furthermore,
integration
technology
with
intelligence
microfluidics
significantly
advanced
large-scale,
rapid,
cost-effective
thereby
propelling
progress
medicine.
Finally,
advent
high-performance
materials,
three-dimensional
printing
technology,
also
gaining
prominence
Our
insights
predictions
aim
to
provide
valuable
guidance
researchers
support
continued
advancement
this
rapidly
developing
field.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 18, 2025
Acute
lung
injury
(ALI)/acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome
(ARDS),
a
rapidly
progressing
failure
condition,
results
in
high
mortality
rate,
especially
severe
cases.
Numerous
trials
have
investigated
various
pharmacotherapy
approaches,
but
their
effectiveness
remains
uncertain.
Here,
we
present
an
inhaled
nanoformulation
of
fingolimod
(FTY720)-nobiletin
(NOB)-
poly(lactic-co-glycolic)
acid
(PLGA)
nanoparticles
(NPs)
with
good
biocompatibility
and
sustained-release
pharmacological
effect.
The
formulation
decreases
the
toxicity
FTY720
increases
bioavailability
NOB
since
use
PLGA
to
encapsulate
at
same
time.
In
vitro,
comparison
treatment
pure
drug,
demonstrated
that
FTY720-NOB-PLGA
NPs
can
reduce
interleukin-6
(IL-6)
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
release
by
macrophages
after
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
stimulation
more
efficiently.
vivo,
used
inhalation
tower
system
allowed
exposure
unanesthetized
mice
aerosolized
under
controlled
conditions.
We
attenuate
LPS
suppressing
cytokine
release,
such
as
IL-6
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
(TNF-α).
trigger
pathway
ALI,
including
nuclear
factor
κ-light-chain-enhancer
activated
B
cells
(NF-κB)
p38
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase,
was
also
efficiently
inhibited.
Furthermore,
provided
safety
profile,
without
detrimental
effects
on
biochemical
markers
function.
feasibility
administering
noninvasively
continuous
monitoring
developed
show
excellent
promise
for
acute
therapy
future.
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
392(4), P. 103531 - 103531
Published: March 5, 2025
Stem
cell
transplantation
is
a
promising
treatment
for
repairing
damaged
tissues,
but
challenges
like
immune
rejection
and
ethical
concerns
remain.
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
offer
high
differentiation
potential
regulatory
activity,
showing
promise
in
treating
diseases
such
as
gynecological,
neurological,
kidney
disorders.
With
scientific
progress,
MSC
applications
are
overcoming
traditional
limitations.
In
MSCs-macrophage
coculture,
MSCs
transform
macrophages
into
anti-inflammatory
M2
macrophages,
reducing
inflammation,
whereas
enhance
osteogenic
differentiation.
This
coculture
vital
modulation
tissue
repair,
with
models
varying
by
contact
type
dimensional
arrangements.
Factors
techniques
ratios
influence
outcomes.
Benefits
include
improved
heart
function,
wound
healing,
reduced
lung
accelerated
bone
repair.
Challenges
optimizing
conditions.
study
reviews
the
methodologies,
factors,
mechanisms
of
MSC-macrophage
providing
foundation
engineering
applications.
SIGNIFICANCE
STATEMENT:
review
underlines
significant
role
mesenchymal
cell-macrophage
application.
Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 13, 2025
Acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome
is
characterized
by
the
dysregulation
and
activation
of
several
inflammatory
pathways
which
leads
to
widespread
inflammation
in
lungs.
Presently,
direct
therapy
unavailable
use
mesenchymal
stromal
cells
as
a
has
been
proposed,
early
phase
studies
have
shown
promise.
MSCs
exert
various
therapeutic
effects
on
microenvironment,
such
anti-microbial
effects,
restoration
alveolar-capillary
barrier,
exuding
anti-inflammatory
effects.
However,
perform
these
need
be
submitted
specific
external
stimuli
can
affect
their
immunomodulation,
survival,
migration
metabolic
state.
This
review
references
articles
found
through
targeted
searches
PubMed
[Accessed
between
November
2024
March
2025],
for
key
terms
'mesenchymal
cells,'
'inflammatory
microenvironment,'
anti-inflammatory,'
'metabolism,'
'immunomodulation.'
The
advancement
treatment
ARDS
not
progressed
effectively
one
might
anticipated.
Several
clinical
findings
established
patient
subgroups
based
cytokine
profiles
severity
ARDS.
variation
patients
may
influence
efficacy
instead
concluding
that
worth
pursuing,
more
research
needed
develop
an
appropriate
therapy.
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
82(1)
Published: April 21, 2025
Organoid
technology
has
the
potential
to
revolutionize
biomedical
research
by
providing
more
physiologically
relevant
models
for
studying
human
development,
disease
mechanisms,
and
therapeutic
development.
Derived
from
stem
cells,
organoids
self-organize
into
three-dimensional
tissues
that
replicate
structures
functions
of
their
in
vivo
counterparts.
Their
ability
mimic
organ-specific
microstructures
offers
new
tools
investigating
organogenesis,
modeling
genetic
disorders,
screening
therapeutics
using
cells.
Additionally,
hold
promise
regenerative
medicine
as
transplantable
repairing
or
replacing
damaged
organs.
However,
challenges
such
batch
variability,
standardization,
vascularization,
long-term
viability,
lack
immune
cells
remain,
hindering
clinical
translation
use
studies.
Recent
efforts
have
focused
on
improving
reproducibility,
incorporating
bioengineering
techniques
enhanced
maturation,
optimizing
differentiation
methods.
This
collection
highlights
recent
advances
respiratory,
renal,
retinal
organoid
systems.
From
refining
cryopreservation
methods
virus
neutralization
inflammatory
studies,
these
contributions
emphasize
translational
medicine.
American Journal of Cancer Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(7), P. 3222 - 3240
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Macrophages,
as
the
largest
immune
cell
group
in
tumour
tissues,
play
a
crucial
role
influencing
various
malignant
behaviours
of
cells
and
evasion.
As
research
on
macrophages
cancer
immunotherapy
develops,
importance
appropriate
models
becomes
increasingly
evident.
The
development
organoids
has
bridged
gap
between
traditional
two-dimensional
(2D)
cultures
animal
experiments.
Recent
studies
have
demonstrated
that
exhibit
similar
physiological
characteristics
to
source
tissue
closely
resemble
vivo
genome
molecular
markers
or
organ.
However,
still
lack
an
component.
Developing
co-culture
model
is
for
studying
interaction
mechanisms
macrophages.
This
paper
presents
overview
establishment
models,
current
status
organoid
macrophage
interactions,
immunotherapy.
In
addition,
application
prospects
shortcomings
are
explained.
Ultimately,
it
hoped
will
offer
preclinical
testing
platform
maximising
precise
strategy.