Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 173 - 191
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract Sometimes a person, after brain injury, displays sleep-wake cycles but has severely impaired, or entirely absent, responses to external stimuli. Traditionally, attempts have been made distinguish the persistent vegetative state (PVS) from minimally conscious (MCS). However, diagnostic procedures are subject high error rates and uncertainty. There is also realistic possibility that midbrain mechanisms suffice for basic valenced experiences even if cortical injury fully prevents patient reporting these experiences. Decisions withdraw treatment should be based on comprehensive best-interests assessment, not PVS/MCS distinction. The method of withdrawing clinically assisted nutrition hydration (CANH) would acceptable any other sentient being, alternatives must explored discussed by inclusive, democratic processes. In cases where CANH withdrawal authorized, clinicians guaranteed hastening death using large doses sedatives analgesics will lead punishment.
Language: Английский
Citations
0The Run-Ahead Principle
Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 323 - 331
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract Given the rate at which AI is developing, and risks associated with artificial sentience taking us by surprise, we should apply run-ahead principle: any given time, measures to regulate development of sentient run ahead what would be proportionate posed current technology, considering also credible future trajectories. The principle may potentially justify strong regulatory action, but a moratorium go beyond reasonably necessary manage risk. An alternative proposal, involving regular testing monitor our creations, currently unfeasible, due absence tests that can applied large language models other systems high potential for gaming criteria. A third approach involves oversight means sector-wide codes good practice licensing schemes. This path require greater level transparency than have seen from industry date. overarching imperative democratic debate about these questions now.
Language: Английский
Citations
0Summary of the Framework and Proposals
Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 6
Published: July 22, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0Large Language Models and the Gaming Problem
Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 313 - 322
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract When an artificial agent can intelligently draw upon huge amounts of human-generated training data, the result be gaming our criteria for sentience. Gaming occurs when systems mimic human behaviours that are likely to persuade users their sentience without possessing underlying capacity. The problem leads initially thought we should ‘box’ AI assessing candidature, denying them access a large corpus data. However, this would destroy capabilities any LLM. What really need in case deep computational markers, not behavioural markers. If find signs LLM has implicitly learned ways recreating global workspace or perceptual/evaluative reality monitoring system, lead us regard it as candidate. Unfortunately, at time writing, lack sort understanding inner workings LLMs is needed ascertain which algorithms they have acquired during training.
Language: Английский
Citations
0Funding Acknowledgement
Published: July 22, 2024
Language: Английский
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0