Sperm competition and the evolution of sperm design in mammals

BMC Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2011

Abstract Background The influence of sperm competition upon size has been a controversial issue during the last 20 years which remains unresolved for mammals. hypothesis that, when ejaculates compete with rival males, an increase in would make more competitive because it swimming speed, generated contradictory results from both theoretical and empirical studies. In addition, debate extended to components should size: midpiece accommodate mitochondria produce energy fuel motility, or principal piece generate greater propulsion forces. Results this study we examined design mammals using much larger data set (226 species) than previous analyses, corrected phylogenetic effects by complete resolved phylogeny, robust control methods. Our show as increases, all integrated manner heads become elongated. length was found be associated enhanced velocity, adaptive trait under competition. Conclusions We conclude that played important role evolution mammals, discuss why studies have failed detect it.

Language: Английский

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Sexual selection and the evolution of sperm quality

Molecular Human Reproduction, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 1180 - 1189

Published: Oct. 16, 2014

Sperm experience intense and varied selection that dramatically impacts the evolution of sperm quality. Selection acts to ensure are fertilization-competent able overcome many challenges experienced on their way towards eggs. However, simply being fertilize an egg is not enough male fertility in most species. Owing prevalence female multiple mating throughout animal kingdom, successful fertilization requires outcompete rival sperm. In addition, females can actively influence quality, storage or utilization fertility. This review provides overview how these selective forces After exploring link between traits fertility, we examine post-mating competition ejaculates influences We then describe complex genetic, social sexual interactions focusing importance seminal fluid female's reproductive tract. light complexities traits, greater use multivariate approaches incorporate male–male, sperm–sperm sperm–female study quality will enhance our understanding factors influencing Because metric success—fertilization—is same across argue information about gained from non-human animals has enormous potential further impact human

Language: Английский

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Reproduction in Male Birds

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 667 - 693

Published: July 14, 2014

Language: Английский

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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPERM LENGTH AND SPEED DIFFER AMONG THREE INTERNALLY AND THREE EXTERNALLY FERTILIZING SPECIES

Evolution, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 92 - 104

Published: June 26, 2013

It is often assumed that longer sperm, by virtue of their increased swimming speed, have a fertilization advantage over shorter sperm when in competition to fertilize eggs. However, there surprisingly little evidence for positive correlation between length and speed. Here we use an approach accounts within-male variation traits examine the relationships speed across broad range species, including three internally fertilizing species externally species. Our results reveal correlations size are indeed present possibly more common than currently thought. direction which prevalent within male's ejaculate among males, were influenced mode contrasting unexpected ways. Broadly, patterns revealed with flagellum heads relative swam faster, whereas faster. We discuss these light theory contrast intraspecific observed this study macroevolutionary evolution reported elsewhere.

Language: Английский

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Sperm bauplan and function and underlying processes of sperm formation and selection

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 102(1), P. 7 - 60

Published: April 21, 2021

The spermatozoon is a highly differentiated and polarized cell, with two main structures: the head, containing haploid nucleus acrosomal exocytotic granule, flagellum, which generates energy propels cell; both structures are connected by neck. sperm’s aim to participate in fertilization, thus activating development. Despite this common bauplan function, there an enormous diversity structure performance of sperm cells. For example, mammalian spermatozoa may exhibit several head patterns overall lengths ranging from ∼30 350 µm. Mechanisms transport female tract, preparation for recognition interaction oocyte also show considerable variation. There has been much interest understanding origin diversity, evolutionary terms relation mechanisms underlying differentiation testis. Here, relationships between function examined at levels: first, analyzing selective forces that drive changes physiology understand adaptive values variation impact on male reproductive success second, examining cellular molecular formation testis explain how can give rise such wide array forms functions.

Language: Английский

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Linking sperm length and velocity: the importance of intramale variation

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 797 - 799

Published: May 19, 2010

Selection imposed through sperm competition is commonly thought to promote the evolution of longer sperm, since length assumed be positively associated with swimming velocity. Yet, basis for this assumption remains controversial, and there surprisingly little intraspecific evidence demonstrating such a link between form function. Here, we show that velocity are highly correlated in sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma , but importantly report failure account within-male variation these traits can obscure relationship. These findings, conjunction mounting extremely high levels intra-specific variance traits, suggest functional morphology may more prevalent than what current suggests. Our findings also selection faster thereby supporting recent from macroevolutionary studies.

Language: Английский

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Sperm quantity and quality effects on fertilization success in a highly promiscuous passerine, the tree swallow Tachycineta bicolor

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 64(9), P. 1473 - 1483

Published: April 28, 2010

Language: Английский

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COMPLEX PATTERNS OF MULTIVARIATE SELECTION ON THE EJACULATE OF A BROADCAST SPAWNING MARINE INVERTEBRATE

Evolution, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 66(8), P. 2451 - 2460

Published: March 23, 2012

Assessing how selection operates on several, potentially interacting, components of the ejaculate is a challenging endeavor. Ejaculates can be subject to natural and/or sexual selection, which impose both linear (directional) and nonlinear (stabilizing, disruptive, correlational) different components. Most previous studies have examined and, consequently, we know very little about patterns ejaculate. Even less known acts as functionally integrated unit, despite evidence covariance among Here, assess multiple simultaneously in broadcast spawning sessile invertebrate Mytilus galloprovincialis using statistical tools multivariate analyses. Our analyses relative fertilization rates revealed complex sperm velocity, motility, morphology. Interestingly, most successful ejaculates were made up slower swimming with relatively low percentages motile cells, smaller head volumes that swam highly pronounced curved trajectories. These results are consistent an emerging body literature kinetics spawners, shed light fundamental nature acting unit.

Language: Английский

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Sperm Population Structure and Male Fertility: An Intraspecific Study of Sperm Design and Velocity in Red Deer1

Biology of Reproduction, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 89(5)

Published: Sept. 12, 2013

Sperm design and velocity play key roles in influencing sperm performance and, therefore, can determine fertilization success. Several interspecific studies have demonstrated how these features correlate, it has been hypothesized that selection may drive changes traits. Here, we examine the association between swimming a study conducted at an intraspecific level Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus). We addressed structure of different subpopulations, based on morphometry velocity, are interrelated turn, they associate with fertility. Our results show males high fertility rates ejaculates percentages spermatozoa exhibiting fast linear movements highly correlated large proportion having small elongated heads. On other hand, low characterized by subpopulation which slow nonlinear as well wide predominant. These findings provide insight regarding size both associated

Language: Английский

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Diet affects ejaculate traits in a lizard with condition-dependent fertilization success

Behavioral Ecology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 1502 - 1511

Published: Jan. 1, 2015

Sexually selected traits are often driven to costly extremes by persistent directional selection. Energy acquisition and allocation can therefore influence variation in subject both precopulatory postcopulatory sexual selection, though the later have received much less attention. We tested condition dependence of sperm morphology, count, fertilization success a promiscuous lizard (Anolis sagrei) 1) collecting samples from wild males that varied naturally body condition, 2) experimentally altering captive through dietary restriction, 3) analyzing genetic paternity data competitive mating trials between differed condition. In males, length midpiece decreased with Experimental food restriction production, head, increased midpiece, variance morphology within individuals. When restricted single copulation, on high-intake diets exhibited slight but nonsignificant advantage. Reanalysis previous experiment which high- low-condition were sequentially allowed copulate ad libitum for 1 week revealed significant bias favor high-condition males. controlling mean treatment effects proportion offspring sired phenotypes, multiple regression negative correlations head length, count. Collectively, our results suggest condition-dependent A. sagrei may be partially mediated underlying

Language: Английский

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