Mitigating human-wildlife impacts

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 223 - 238

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Abstract Rapid anthropogenic changes to natural landscapes are increasing the frequency and severity of human-wildlife impacts (HWIs), which occur when behaviours wildlife humans result in recurring costs both. Here, we decompose HWI sequence into three key components (spatiotemporal overlap, direct costs, learning), subsequently use derive a typology associated human animal behaviours. We then map existing mitigation strategies aimed at reducing HWIs onto each component, illustrating their application using range examples case studies. conclude that fostering long-term co-existence rapidly changing world will be dependent upon our ability identify, understand, manage behavioural processes underlying instances HWI.

Language: Английский

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PARKS, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27.1

Published: May 31, 2021

IUCN defines a protected area as:A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effec ve means, to achieve the long-term conserva on of nature with associated ecosystem services cultural values.The defini is expanded by six management categories (one sub-division), summarized below.Ia Strict reserve: Strictly for biodiversity also possibly geological/ geomorphological features, where human visitation, use impacts are controlled limited ensure protection conservation values.Ib Wilderness area: Usually large unmodified slightly modified areas, retaining their natural character influence, without permanent significant habitation, managed preserve condition.II National park: Large near-natural areas protecting large-scale ecological processes characteristic species ecosystems, which have environmentally culturally compatible spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational visitor opportunities.III Natural monument feature: Areas set aside protect specific monument, can be landform, sea mount, marine cavern, geological feature such as cave, living an ancient grove.IV Habitat/species particular habitats, reflects this priority.Many will need regular, active interventions meet needs but not requirement category.V Protected landscape seascape: Where interaction people over time has produced distinct ecological, biological, scenic value: safeguarding integrity vital sustaining its values.VI sustainable resources: conserve together values traditional resource systems.Generally large, mainly in condition, proportion under low-level nonindustrial seen one main aims.The category should based around primary objec ve(s), apply at least three-quarters -the 75 per cent rule.The applied typology governance types -a descrip who holds authority responsibility area.IUCN four types.Governance government: Federal national

Language: Английский

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The Changing Cultural Dimensions of Biodiversity Conservation

One Earth, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 1(3), P. 289 - 291

Published: Nov. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Wolverine density distribution reflects past persecution and current management in Scandinavia

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

Abstract After centuries of intense persecution, several large carnivore species in Europe and North America have experienced a rebound. Today’s spatial configuration populations has likely arisen from the interplay between their ecological traits current environmental conditions, but also history persecution protection. Yet, due to challenge studying population-level phenomena, we are rarely able disentangle quantify influence past present factors driving distribution density these controversial species. Using capture-recapture models data set 742 genetically identified wolverines Gulo gulo collected over ½ million km 2 across entire range Norway Sweden, identify landscape-level explaining population Scandinavian Peninsula. Distance relic along Swedish-Norwegian border, where wolverine survived long remains key determinant today. However, regional differences management conditions played an important role shaping patterns present-day density. Specifically, found evidence slower recolonization areas that had lower goals terms desired number annual reproductions. Management transboundary at biologically relevant scales may be inhibited by administrative fragmentation. as our study shows, monitoring is achievable prerequisite for comprehensive understanding carnivores increasingly anthropogenic landscape.

Language: Английский

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Timing of the outfield grazing season and finishing of lambs: A whole-farm modelling study of forage-based sheep production systems in Norway

Small Ruminant Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 219, P. 106892 - 106892

Published: Dec. 28, 2022

Norwegian sheep production is based on the use of free outfield grazing resources in mountains and forests summer. Lamb prices are strongest at beginning slaughter season August then begin to gradually decline, reaching a lower plateau mid-October. Seasonal pricing provides incentives get lambs market early. The objective this study was examine how summer pasture quality, time collection from outfields, inclusion annual forage crops diet finishing influence optimal farm plans profitability forage-based systems varying levels farmland availability (varying 15 25 ha with 20 as basis). A linear programming model developed for mountainous areas Southern Norway. Input-output relationships incorporated into included data field experiments grasses perennial use, observed performance ewes pastures, feed planning tool indoor season, expert judgements. maximised total gross margin farms housing capacity 200 ewes. results suggested that more land available, drafting older heavier profitable. lighter weaning were usually drafted much later same or carcass weights than heavy because seasonal pricing. Higher quality pastures increased lamb live weaning. Annual profits improved considerably rich compared poor pastures. Early always less profitable normal greater sold could not offset losses additional costs incurred possibly smaller flock. Speeding up growth rate by offering addition grazed grass only. Only low unprofitable.

Language: Английский

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