Photon-counting detector CT: early clinical experience review

British Journal of Radiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Since its development in the 1970s, X-ray CT has emerged as a landmark diagnostic imaging modality of modern medicine. Technological advances have been crucial to success imaging, they increasingly enabled improvements image quality and value at increasing radiation dose efficiency. With recent engineering physics, novel technology with potential surpass several shortcomings limitations current systems. Photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT might substantially improve expand applicability by offering intrinsic spectral capabilities, increased spatial resolution, reduced electronic noise improved contrast. In this review we sought summarize first clinical experience PCD-CT. We focused on most prototype clinically approved PCD-CT systems thereby reviewing initial publications presenting corresponding cases.

Language: Английский

---

Pros and Cons of Dual-Energy CT Systems: “One Does Not Fit All”

Tomography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 195 - 216

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) uses different energy spectrum x-ray beams for differentiating materials with similar attenuation at a certain energy. Compared single-energy CT, it provides images better diagnostic performance and potential reduction of contrast agent radiation doses. There are commercially available DECT technologies, machines that may display two sources detectors, single source capable fast switching between levels, specialized detector acquiring high- low-energy data sets, filter splitting the beam into output. Sequential acquisition tube voltages is an alternative approach. This narrative review describes technique using Q&A format visual representations. Physical concepts, parameters influencing image quality, postprocessing methods, applicability in daily routine workflow, considerations discussed. Differences scanners described, regarding design, quality variabilities, their advantages limitations. Additionally, current clinical applications listed, future perspectives spectral CT imaging addressed. Acknowledging strengths weaknesses important, as these could be adapted to each patient, scenario, financial capability. technology undoubtedly valuable will certainly keep improving.

Language: Английский

---

Low‐Dimensional Metal Halide for High Performance Scintillators

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(38)

Published: April 25, 2024

Abstract Inorganic scintillators play a pivotal role in diverse fields like medical imaging, nondestructive detection, homeland security, and high‐energy physics. However, traditional inorganic encounter challenges such as high fabrication costs low light yield. Recently, low‐dimensional metal halide (LDMHS) have witnessed rapid progress, owing to their distinctive crystal structure superior radioluminescence performance. Herein, an overview of recent advancements proposed instructive pathways for achieving high‐performance LDMHS is provided. First, the scintillation physical mechanism emphasis on essential requirements applications are elucidated. Furthermore, classified according B‐site cations, respective characteristics introduced. This encompasses understanding structure‐property relationships routes rules optimizing Finally, persisting this burgeoning field potential research directions future exploration discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Pediatric Applications of Photon-Counting Detector CT

American Journal of Roentgenology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 220(4), P. 580 - 589

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

Photon-counting detector (PCD) CT represents the most recent generational advance in technology. PCD has potential to reduce image noise, improve spatial resolution and contrast resolution, provide multispectral capability, all of which may be achieved with an overall decrease radiation dose. These effects used iodinated media dose potentially obtain multiphase images through a single-acquisition technique. The benefits have previously been shown primarily phantoms adult patients. This article describes application children, as illustrated by clinical examples from commercially available system.

Language: Английский

---

Virtual monochromatic images for coronary artery imaging with a spectral photon-counting CT in comparison to dual-layer CT systems: a phantom and a preliminary human study

European Radiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(8), P. 5476 - 5488

Published: March 15, 2023

To evaluate the quality of virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) from spectral photon-counting CT (SPCCT) and two energy-integrating detector dual-energy (EID-DECT) scanners same manufacturer, for coronary lumen.A 21-cm section Mercury v4.0 phantom was scanned using a cardiac protocol. VMIs 40 to 90 keV were reconstructed high-resolution (HR) parameters EID-DECT SPCCT (CB HRB kernels at 0.67 mm slice thickness, respectively). Ultra-high-resolution (UHR) used in addition (detailed-2 kernel, 0.43 thickness). Noise-power-spectrum (NPS), task-based transfer function (TTF), detectability index (d') computed 2-mm-diameter lumen detection. In consensus, radiologists analyzed 8 patients who underwent CTA on both systems.For all images, fpeak, f50, d' higher with SPCCT. The fpeak f50 UHR-SPCCT greater noise lower compared those HR-SPCCT images. Noise magnitude constant energy levels (keV) systems, HR decreased as decreased. Subjective analysis showed sharpness overall keV, difference low HR-EID-DECT images.HR gave benefits quality.• Compared 2 improved spatial resolution, texture, magnitude, lumen. • Use ultra-high-resolution resolution texture provided high lumen, despite an increase magnitude. eight patients, found image systems.

Language: Английский

---

Exploiting the Potential of Photon-Counting CT in Abdominal Imaging

Investigative Radiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 58(7), P. 488 - 498

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Abstract Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) imaging uses a new detector technology to provide added information beyond what can already be obtained with current CT and MR technologies. This review provides an overview of PCCT the abdomen focuses specifically on applications that benefit most from this technique. We describe requirements for successful abdominal acquisition challenges clinical translation. The highlights work done within last year emphasis protocols have been tested in practice. Applications include cystic lesions, sources bleeding, cancers. is positioned move detection disease better quantitative staging measurement treatment response.

Language: Английский

---

Consistency of Monoenergetic Attenuation Measurements for a Clinical Dual-Source Photon-Counting Detector CT System Across Scanning Paradigms: A Phantom Study

American Journal of Roentgenology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 222(5)

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Background: Use of virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) from multi-energy CT scans can mitigate inconsistencies in traditional attenuation measurements that result variation scan-related factors. Photon-counting detector (PCD) systems produce VMIs as standard image output under flexible scanning conditions.

Language: Английский

---

Robustness of radiomics among photon-counting detector CT and dual-energy CT systems: a texture phantom study

European Radiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 24, 2024

To evaluate the robustness of radiomics features among photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) and dual-energy (DECT) systems.

Language: Английский

---

Optimization of Low‐Contrast Detectability in Abdominal Imaging: A Comparative Analysis of PCCT, DECT, and SECT Systems

Medical Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(5), P. 2832 - 2844

Published: March 3, 2025

Abstract Background Clear representation of anatomy is essential in the assessment pathology computed tomography (CT). With introduction photon‐counting CT (PCCT) and more advanced iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms into clinical practice, there potential to improve low‐contrast detectability protocols. As such, it necessary perform task‐based assessments optimize protocols compare image quality between PCCT energy‐integrating CT, like dual‐energy (DECT) single‐energy (SECT). Purpose This work aimed assess abdominal used PCCT, DECT, SECT, using both model human observers. Methods Data were acquired with standard resolution scan mode on a (NAEOTOM Alpha, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany) DECT/SECT (SOMATOM Force, Germany). Detectability was investigated CTP 515 module Catphan 600 phantom, which surrounded by fat annulus simulate an abdomen resulted water equivalent diameter 298 mm. Supra‐slice contrast rods nominal 1.0% diameters 4, 6, 9, 15 mm used. Factory adjusted acquire images various tube potentials (70, 90, 120, 140 kV PCCT; 70/150Sn 80/150Sn DECT; 100 120 SECT), virtual monoenergetic (VMI) energy levels (40 keV DECT), doses (5, 10 mGy DECT IR settings (Br40 kernel, no quantum (QIR) QIR 1 4 modeled (ADMIRE) level 3 SECT). Mixed (linear blending at two voltages) also reconstructed. The noise power spectrum task transfer function each protocol quantified; index for determined in‐house implementations observers (non‐prewhitening matched filters internal noise, NPWI, eye filter NPWEI) (in‐house four‐alternative forced choice, scoring 95% confidence intervals). Results show that minimized VMI corresponding applied spectrum's mean 70 80 pairs, respectively, DECT. respect observer calculations, normalized root‐mean‐square error NPWI NPWEI 5% 12%, respectively. improves detectability. Additionally, can be increasing strength when reducing dose. Not only does outperform VMI, but outperforms mixed imaging improving Conclusions Low‐contrast optimized appropriate selected minimize noise. may allow dose reduction compared SECT. non‐prewhitening better quantified without inclusion filter.

Language: Английский

---

Quantitative performance of photon‐counting CT at low dose: Virtual monochromatic imaging and iodine quantification

Medical Physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(9), P. 5421 - 5433

Published: July 6, 2023

Quantitative imaging techniques, such as virtual monochromatic (VMI) and iodine quantification (IQ), have proven valuable diagnostic methods in several specific clinical tasks tumor tissue differentiation. Recently, a new generation of computed tomography (CT) scanners equipped with photon-counting detectors (PCD) has reached status.

Language: Английский

---