Shark movement strategies influence poaching risk and can guide enforcement decisions in a large, remote marine protected area

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 57(9), P. 1782 - 1792

Published: May 12, 2020

Abstract Large, remote marine protected areas (MPAs) containing both reef and pelagic habitats, have been shown to offer considerable refuge populations of reef‐associated sharks. Many large MPAs are, however, impacted by illegal fishing activity conducted unlicensed vessels. While enforcement these reserves is often expensive, it would likely benefit from the integration ecological data on mobile animals they are designed protect. Consequently, shark in some continue decline, as remain a prime target for fishers. To understand movements their vulnerability fishing, 3 years acoustic tracking data, 101 sharks, were analysed movement networks explore predictability patterns identify key corridors within British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) MPA. We examined how space use connectivity overlap with spatially explicit risk through obtained management consultancy enforcing Using individual‐based models, two sympatric species efficiently predicted distance‐decay functions (>95% accurately predicted). Model outliers used highlight locations unexpectedly high rates where MPA patrols might most mitigate predator removal. Activity estimates network metrics illustrate that silvertip sharks more dynamic, less resident link larger components than grey However, we show this behaviour potentially enhances exposure activity. Synthesis applications . Marine area (MPA) strategies limited resources. The MPA, one world's largest ‘no take’ MPAs, has single patrol vessel enforce 640,000 km 2 open ocean, atoll ecosystems. argue optimize search strategy thus enhance protective capacity, desirable species, such large‐bodied predators, must be incorporated into plans. Here, electronic evaluate dynamics influence mortality trajectories exploited In doing so discuss analyses applied enforcement.

Language: Английский

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Recurrent Mass-Bleaching and the Potential for Ecosystem Collapse on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef

Ecological studies, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 265 - 289

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Seabirds boost coral reef resilience

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(49)

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Global climate change threatens tropical coral reefs, yet local management can influence resilience. While increasing anthropogenic nutrients reduce resistance and recovery, it is unknown how the loss, or restoration, of natural nutrient flows affects reef recovery. Here, we test seabird-derived subsidies, which are threatened by invasive rats, mechanisms patterns recovery following an extreme marine heatwave using multiyear field experiments, repeated surveys, Bayesian modeling. Corals transplanted from rat to seabird islands quickly assimilated nutrients, fully acclimating new conditions within 3 years. Increased in turn, caused a doubling growth rates both individuals across entire reefs. Seabirds were also associated with faster time Acropora cover (<4 years) more dynamic trajectories benthic communities. We conclude that restoring populations pathways may foster greater resilience through enhanced corals.

Language: Английский

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Coral Reef Resilience in Taiwan: Lessons from Long-Term Ecological Research on the Coral Reefs of Kenting National Park (Taiwan)

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(11), P. 388 - 388

Published: Oct. 31, 2019

Coral reefs in the Anthropocene are being subjected to unprecedented levels of stressors, including local disturbances—such as overfishing, habitat destruction, and pollution—and large-scale destruction related global impacts climate change—such typhoons coral bleaching. Thus, future corals any given community coral-Symbiodiniaceae associations over time will depend on their level resilience, from individual entire ecosystems. Herein we review environmental settings long-term ecological research reefs, based both resilience space, Kenting National Park (KNP), Hengchun Peninsula, southern Taiwan, wherein fringing have developed along coast capes a semi-closed bay, known Nanwan, within peninsula. These influenced by branch Kuroshio Current, monsoon-induced South China Sea Surface tide-induced upwelling that not only shapes communities, but also reduces seawater temperature creates fluctuating thermal environments which favoured thermal-resistant corals, particularly those close effluent nuclear power plant west Nanwan. Although living cover (LCC) has fluctuated through concordance with major bleaching between 1986 2019, spatial heterogeneity LCC recovery been detected, suggesting reef is variable among subregions KNP. In addition, exposed progressively warmer show dominance associated, thermally-tolerant Durusdinium spp. ability shuffle symbiont communities response seasonal variations without We demonstrate small geographical range unique characteristics, such KNP reef, may be resilient deserve novel conservation efforts. this calls for efforts use resilience-based management programs reduce stresses meet challenge change.

Language: Английский

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Early trajectories of benthic coral reef communities following the 2015/16 coral bleaching event at remote Aldabra Atoll, Seychelles

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2020

Abstract Documenting post-bleaching trajectories of coral reef communities is crucial to understand their resilience climate change. We investigated community changes following the 2015/16 bleaching event at Aldabra Atoll, where direct human impact minimal. combined benthic data collected pre- (2014) and (2016–2019) 12 sites across three locations (lagoon, 2 m depth; seaward west east, 5 15 depth) with water temperature measurements. While reefs experienced relative hard reductions 51–62%, lagoonal loss was lower (− 34%), probably due three-fold higher daily variability there. Between 2016 2019, cover did not change on deep which remained dominated by turf algae Halimeda , but absolute shallow increased annually 1.3% (east), 2.3% (west) 3.0% (lagoon), reaching, respectively, 54%, 68% 93% pre-bleaching in 2019. Full recovery may take least five more years, remains uncertain for deeper reefs. The expected increase frequency severity events likely make even rapid as observed Aldabra’s lagoon too slow prevent long-term degradation, remote sites.

Language: Английский

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Recent deterioration of coral reefs in the South China Sea due to multiple disturbances

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10, P. e13634 - e13634

Published: July 25, 2022

More frequent global warming events, biological disasters, and anthropogenic activities have caused extensive damage to coral reefs around the world. Coral in Xisha Islands (also known as Paracel Islands) been damaged following rounds of heatwaves crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) outbreaks over recent decades. Based on a comprehensive community survey 2020, we determined diagnosis for present state six regions Islands. The findings suggested that these had total 213 species scleractinian corals belonging 43 genera 16 families. Living coverage across sites was widely divergent ranged from 0.40% (IQR: 7.74–0.27%) Panshi Yu 38.20% 43.00–35.90%) Bei Jiao. bleaching prevalence 23.90% 41.60–13.30%) overall topped out at 49.30% 50.60–48.10%) Five (all but Yongxing Dao) were under threat CoTS outbreaks. High mortality combined with excellent recruitment rates potential rehabilitation after deterioration. We employed quantifiable Deterioration Index (DI) evaluate intensity deterioration results showed Dao Langhua Jiao low (DIrecent = 0.05, IQR: 0.07–0.02 0.04, 0.11–0.01, respectively), while Jiao, Yongle Atoll, Yuzhuo high > 0.16). Different monitoring within same region heterogeneous regards all above indexes. Moreover, reviewed discussed disturbances threaten health Islands’ corals. It is crucial identify severely afflicted areas find successful methods better manage reef this region.

Language: Английский

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Reef Community Productivity and Calcification – Spatial and Temporal Variability in Recovering Coral Reefs

Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 130(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Coral reefs are currently under threat due to multiple anthropogenic stressors, with increasing temperatures leading more frequent bleaching events. We assessed reef Net Community Production (NCP) and Calcification (NCC), measures of ecosystem functioning, using a benthic gradient‐flux approach on forereef lagoon coral recovering from the major 2015–2016 event in Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean. Hard cover at was higher (44% vs. 21% forereef, 3 years post‐bleaching) increased by ∼60% both 6 post‐bleaching. Calcification, computed Structure‐from‐Motion photogrammetry, 34%, rugosity ∼10% over this period. Biogeochemical measurements show net heterotrophy within recovery, exhibiting particularly high rates. Six into recovery process, productivity calcification rates than doubled compared prior. Large day‐to‐day variability documented. This included transition dissolution days, despite long‐term trend CaCO accumulation. On 51% cloudy while shift autotrophy (147% increase NCP) 47% were found sunny days that directly followed days. An internal wave presumably led enhanced production one forereef. Our findings highlight importance combining health indicators short‐term functioning capture dynamics recovery.

Language: Английский

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Thermal Stress and Resilience of Corals in a Climate-Changing World

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 15 - 15

Published: Dec. 24, 2019

Coral reef ecosystems are under the direct threat of increasing atmospheric greenhouse gases, which increase seawater temperatures in oceans and lead to bleaching events. Global events becoming more frequent stronger, understanding how corals can tolerate survive high-temperature stress should be accorded paramount priority. Here, we review evidence different mechanisms that employ mitigate thermal stress, include association with thermally tolerant endosymbionts, acclimatisation, adaptation processes. These differences highlight physiological diversity complexity symbiotic organisms, such as scleractinian corals, where each species (coral host microbial endosymbionts) responds differently stress. We conclude by offering some insights into future coral reefs examining strategies scientists leveraging ensure survival this valuable ecosystem. Without a reduction gas emissions divergence from our societal dependence on fossil fuels, natural possessed might insufficient towards ensuring ecological functioning ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Depth variation in benthic community response to repeated marine heatwaves on remote Central Indian Ocean reefs

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Coral reefs are increasingly impacted by climate-induced warming events. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the variation in response of shallow coral reef communities to thermal stress across depths. Here, we assess depth-dependent changes benthic following successive marine heatwaves from 2015 2017 a 5–25 m depth gradient remote Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean. Our analyses show an overall decline hard and soft cover increase crustose coralline algae, sponge pavement system. findings indicate that elevated seawater temperatures varied We found greater group at depths (5–15 m) compared with deeper zones (15–25 m). The loss was better predicted initial stress, while associated repeated study shows extending 25 were heatwaves, supporting concerns about resilience severe climate-driven

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Coral Reefs at the Red Sea (Egypt) Using Satellite Data

Springer remote sensing/photogrammetry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 117 - 143

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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