Waste Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 203 - 211

Published: Nov. 16, 2024

Sustainable agriculture is vital for reducing reliance on harmful chemical fertilizers and ensuring environmental economic stability. Integrating Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) with anaerobic digestion (AD) can improve biomass efficiency recovery of both energy (liquid fuels) valuable nutrients, essential achieving circular bioeconomy. Biogas digestate rich in the HTL process concentrate these nutrients solid phase, making resulting product well-suited agricultural applications. In this study, solids were produced from biogas using a continuous bench-scale pilot plant to assess their potential as direct-use fertilizers. The optimal conditions keeping contaminants within allowable limits mineral products identified by testing various reaction temperatures, without use catalyst. elemental composition (2179 2181) showed high carbon varying 51.61 48.41 wt%, phosphorus 3.46 3.07 wt% sufficient nitrogen contents 1.19 1.13 wt%. Furthermore, stability 2179 2181 was measured be 1.2 0.3, respectively, which indicated good quality products. Organic heavy metals obtained after biocrude recirculation cycles found close or below allowed set Danish legislation. Avoidance (EC50 1.62 %) seed germination 21.37 tests moderate level biotoxicity substantial growth stimulation potential. A maximum amount 39 kg/ha 55 suitable field harming soil organisms. phosphates into phosphorus-based like struvite hydroxyapatite mild acids bases leaching agents around 90 % 70 bioavailability. synthesized characterized X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. Overall, present sustainable alternative enhancing fertility, fertilizers, supporting stability, thereby contributing economy.

Language: Английский