Circadian meal timing is heritable and associated with insulin sensitivity

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Abstract Background Although the contribution of circadian clock to metabolic regulation is widely recognized, role meal timing in glucose metabolism and diabetes risk remains insufficiently studied. This study aimed (i) investigate link between individual pattern homeostasis (ii) explore genetic environmental factors parameters. Methods In German NUtriGenomic Analysis Twins (NUGAT) cohort, which includes 92 adult twins, parameters were assessed using fasting samples oral tolerance test (OGTT). Parameters (meal itself, daily calorie distribution, number) extracted from five-day food records. Circadian eating was determined relative individual’s chronotype (MSFsc) by Munich questionnaire. The heritability components estimated ACE model. Results Multiple showed associations with Most found for midpoint defined as time point at 50% calories consumed. Indices insulin sensitivity, ISI Stumvoll (β = 0.334, p 2.9 x 10 -4 ) HOMA-IR -0.276, 0.007), well levels significantly associated caloric even after model adjustment gender, age, energy intake, sleep duration. BMI waist circumference also demonstrated robust midpoint. High or moderate shown all components. Meal strongly related chronotype, both a marked impact. Conclusion sensitivity shows significant influences, sharing common architecture behaviour. Shifting main intake earlier might protect against diabetes, although this could be challenging due high Graphical abstract Highlights association It other cofounders timing, number show relates sleeping behaviour

Language: Английский

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Associations between Variability in Between- and Within-day Dietary Intake with Adiposity and Glucose Homeostasis in Adults: A Systematic Review

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 100310 - 100310

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature regarding impact of variations in dietary intake, both between- and within-day, on adiposity glucose metabolism. We included observational experimental articles obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, gray until 9 October, 2023, evaluating or within-day meal, energy, macronutrient intake these outcomes. Our focus was adults aged ≥18 y, spanning healthy individuals those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Given diverse range exposures, treatments, outcomes among selected articles, we chose a qualitative synthesis approach effectively analyze data. Eighty 43 37 studies were included, involving 89,178 participants. Patterns variation identified systematically organized into distinct categories based similarities. Between-day consisted between-day quantity consumed meal timing. Meanwhile, encompassed factors such as eating window, omission, timing, quantity, temporal distribution. Despite mixed results, time-restricted generally associated lower adiposity. However, limited control for total daily energy (TDEI) suggests that contribution cannot be conclusively excluded. Conversely, adverse effect omission parameters consistently supported by randomized trials. Interestingly, results showed consuming substantial portion TDEI morning may increase likelihood observing improvements Furthermore, inconsistencies across examining effects compared T2DM populations, energy-sufficient deficient individuals, indicate potential condition-specific effects. These findings support need further investigation better understand their homeostasis. registered PROSPERO CRD42020214307.

Language: Английский

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Sex-specific association between later circadian timing of food intake and adiposity among Chinese young adults living in real-world settings

British Journal Of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 8

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Abstract Timing of food intake is an emerging aspect nutrition; however, there a lack research accurately assessing timing in the context circadian system. The study aimed to investigate relation between relative clock time and endogenous with adiposity further explore sex differences these associations among 151 young adults aged 18–25 years. Participants wore wrist actigraphy documented sleep schedules real for 7 consecutive days. Circadian was determined by dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO). duration last eating occasion DLMO (last EO-DLMO) used calculate intake. Adiposity assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Of participants, 133 were included statistical analysis finally. results demonstrated that rather than living real-world settings. Sex-stratified analyses revealed EO-DLMO significant females but not males. For females, each hour increase associated higher BMI 0·51 kg/m 2 ( P = 0·01), percent body fat 1·05 % 0·007), mass 0·99 kg 0·01) visceral area 4·75 cm 0·02), whereas non-significant present findings highlight importance considering instead only as time.

Language: Английский

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Chrononutrition behaviors and cardiometabolic risk in adolescence: an ecological momentary assessment study

European Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(1)

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Glucose Challenge Uncovers Temporal Fungibility of Metabolic Homeostasis Throughout the Day

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Abstract Rhythmicity is a cornerstone of behavioral and biological processes, especially metabolism, yet the mechanisms behind metabolite cycling remain elusive. This study uncovers robust oscillation in key pathways downstream glucose humans. A purpose-built 13 C 6 -glucose isotope tracing platform was used to sample Drosophila every 4h probe these pathways, revealing striking peak biosynthesis shortly after lights-on wild-type flies. hyperactive mutant ( fumin ) demonstrates increased Krebs cycle labelling dawn-specific glycolysis labelling. Surprisingly, neither underlying feeding rhythms nor presence food availability explain rhythmicity processing across genotypes, suggesting internal mechanism for metabolic control processing. These results align with clinical data highlighting detrimental effects mistimed energy intake. Our approach offers unique insight into dynamic range daily provides mechanistic foundation exploring circadian homeostasis disease contexts.

Language: Английский

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