Blindness detection in diabetic retinopathy using Bayesian variant-based connected component algorithm in Keras and TensorFlow DOI Creative Commons
S. Babu, S. Murali, Vijayan Ellappan

et al.

Scientific and technical journal of information technologies mechanics and optics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 575 - 584

Published: June 1, 2023

The neuro-degenerative eye disease glaucoma is caused by an increase in pressure inside the retina. As second- leading cause of blindness world, if early diagnosis not obtained, this can total blindness. Regarding fundamental problem, there a huge need to create system that function well without lot equipment, highly qualified medical personnel, and takes less time. proposed modeling consists three stages: pre-training, fine-tuning inference. probabilistic based pixel identification (Bayesian variant) predicts severity Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) which diagnosed presence visual cues, such as abnormal blood vessels, hard exudates, cotton wool spots. article combines machine learning, deep methods for image processing predict images. input picture validated using Bayesian variant connected component architecture, brightest spot algorithm applied detect Region Interest (ROI). Moreover, training sample calculated optic disc cup are segmented with fundus photography ranges 0 4 VGGNet16 architecture SMOTE DR stages images model ensemble ResNet Efficient Net produces excellent accuracy score 93 % predicted Kappa coefficient (p < 0.01) 0.755 retina dataset.

Language: Английский

Reverse pupillary block, in contemporary scleral intraocular lens procedures DOI Creative Commons
Markus Schranz, Daniel Schartmüller, Marcus Lisy

et al.

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(6), P. 644 - 654

Published: April 12, 2024

Abstract Background To evaluate the frequency and anterior segment optical coherence tomography parameters of patients with scleral fixated intraocular lenses (IOL) reverse pupillary block (RPB). Methods Retrospective analysis at a tertiary care centre (Department for Ophthalmology Optometry, Medical University Vienna, Austria). We researched our records who underwent IOL implantation from January 2018 till February 2023. Patients were included only if there was least one adequate post‐operative scan (AS‐OCT) available. Initially, AS‐OCT scans assessed tilt decentration employing 3D then later chamber angle (ACA), aqueous depth (AQD), pupil diameter iris‐IOL distance using 2D 0° angle. Both an 0 or less ACA more than 70° required to define RPB. Results A total 110 met inclusion criteria, 41 treated Carlevale, 33 four flanged, 24 Yamane 12 Scharioth technique, respectively. RPB found in 32 (29%). Twenty YAG peripheral iridotomy, mean decreased 91.91° ± 13.77 61.02° 8.52, ( p < 0.001), AQD 4.67 mm 0.47 4.31 0.36 0.001) increased −0.09 0.04 0.33 0.30 0.001). Conclusions is third eyes have undergone without iridectomy. iridotomy potent option treat RPB, subsequently reduce risk iris chafing secondary inflammation glaucoma.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Peripheral Iridectomy in Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation: Preventing Reverse Pupillary Block DOI
Fikret Uçar, Muhammed Sağdıç

American Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 269, P. 471 - 481

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Secondary glaucoma: Toward interventions based on molecular underpinnings DOI Creative Commons
Anna Mueller, Isabel Lam,

Krishna Kishor

et al.

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

Abstract Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of progressive diseases that leads to irreversible blindness. Secondary glaucoma refers caused by known underlying condition. Pseudoexfoliation and pigment dispersion syndromes are common causes secondary glaucoma. Their respective deposits may obstruct the trabecular meshwork, leading aqueous humor outflow resistance, ocular hypertension, optic neuropathy. There no disease‐specific interventions available for either. syndrome characterized fibrillar (pseudoexfoliative material) on anterior segment structures. Over decade multiomics analyses taken together with current knowledge pseudoexfoliative warrant re‐think mechanistic possibilities. We propose presence nucleation centers (e.g., vitamin D binding protein), crosslinking enzymes transglutaminase 2), aberrant extracellular matrix, flawed endocytosis, abnormal aqueous‐blood barrier contribute formation proteolytically resistant material. Pigment iridolenticular contact disrupts iris epithelium liberates melanin granules. Iris melanogenesis in this Cytotoxic intermediates leak out melanosomes cause melanocyte cell death. Targeting can likely decrease risk pigmentary Skin melanoma research provides insights into potential therapeutics. specific prostanoid agonists fenofibrates reduce inhibiting cholesterol internalization de novo synthesis. Additionally, melatonin potent suppressor, antioxidant, hypotensive agent, rendering it valuable agent In glaucoma, where environmental insults drive material formation, melatonin's antioxidant properties offer adjunct therapeutic benefits. This article categorized under: Neurological Diseases > Molecular Cellular Physiology

Language: Английский

Citations

5
XEN45 gel stent in the treatment of pigmentary glaucoma: A two-year follow-up DOI Creative Commons
Caroline J. Gassel, Emil Nasyrov, D. Wénzel

et al.

European Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 7, 2024

Purpose To investigate safety and efficacy of the XEN gel stent in patients with pigmentary glaucoma (PG). Methods A retrospective analysis 26 eyes 19 PG undergoing implantation was performed. Best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), number antiglaucoma medications were analyzed preoperatively, at 2 weeks 3, 6, 12, 24 months after surgery. Success, needling, complications analyzed. Complete success defined as an IOP reduction >20% achieving a target ≤18, ≤15, or ≤12 mmHg without medication. Qualified indicated if reached Results Mean decreased significantly from 27.6 ± 14.3 (standard deviation, SD) to 4.6 one year ( p < 0.001) 15.1 2.7 two years. The median hypotensive drugs declined 4 (range: 3–5) 0 (0–2) (0–3) years, respectively. After complete ≤18 ≤15 achieved 73.1% 61.5%, Half required needling time 8 (0.5–34 months). No sight-threatening observed. Conclusion is safe effective surgical treatment option for PG. Needling important part procedure should be communicated preoperatively patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Pigment Dispersion Syndrome DOI

Emanuele Tonti,

Marco Zeppieri,

Mattia Calabro

et al.

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Pigment Dispersion Contributes to Ocular Immune Privilege in a DBA/2J Mouse Model of Pigmentary Glaucoma DOI Creative Commons
Qian Li,

Liping Pu,

Sijie Cheng

et al.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(8), P. 51 - 51

Published: July 31, 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effects of anterior chamber pigment dispersion on ocular immune privilege and possible mechanisms involved in a DBA/2J mouse model pigmentary glaucoma. Methods: mice were utilized as model, age-matched C57BL/6J used control group this study. Proteins aqueous humor (AH) serum quantified using bicinchoninic acid assay. Immune cells AH detected hematoxylin eosin staining immunocytochemistry. The expression TGF-β2 cytokine levels (IL-10, IFN-γ) measured ELISA. Anterior chamber-associated deviation (ACAID) was induced by injecting antigens into chamber. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) assays to assess induction ACAID. In mice, before after dispersion, following injection particles, ACAID modeling, regulatory T (Tregs) flow cytometry. Results: Compared protein concentration, cell count, elevated mice. Protein concentration IL-10 increased, while IFN-γ decreased DBA/2J. Additionally, Treg spleen significantly increased particles. At 3 6 months, DTH responses not inhibited, thus preventing induction. However, opposite observed at 9 months Furthermore, exhibited an augmented cells. Conclusions: Dispersion particles eye enhances state influencing immunosuppressive microenvironment inducing more reestablish

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Andere Sekundärglaukome – Diagnostik und Therapie DOI
Barbara Cvenkel

Springer Reference Medizin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Citations

0
Understanding Factors Contributing to Glaucoma in Populations of African Descent DOI Open Access

Raheel Anwar,

Gabriel Bellamy Plaice,

Andrew Geddes

et al.

Journal of Clinical & Translational Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 155 - 170

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, with commonest subtype being primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). POAG characterised by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), optic nerve damage and visual field loss. People African descent (AD) are significantly more susceptible to when compared people European (ED), reasons for this complex multifaceted. The vast level genetic diversity AD populations has allowed, through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), identification several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as well differences mitochondrial haplogroups, which could explain pathophysiology underlying increased susceptibility POAG. altered expression genes such MYOC inflammatory mediators influencing reactive astrocytes have also been implicated. There morphology between ED eyes must be considered, including central corneal thickness (CCT) hysteresis (CH) variation properties discs. link all aforementioned factors prevalence will explored review.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Blindness detection in diabetic retinopathy using Bayesian variant-based connected component algorithm in Keras and TensorFlow DOI Creative Commons
S. Babu, S. Murali, Vijayan Ellappan

et al.

Scientific and technical journal of information technologies mechanics and optics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 575 - 584

Published: June 1, 2023

The neuro-degenerative eye disease glaucoma is caused by an increase in pressure inside the retina. As second- leading cause of blindness world, if early diagnosis not obtained, this can total blindness. Regarding fundamental problem, there a huge need to create system that function well without lot equipment, highly qualified medical personnel, and takes less time. proposed modeling consists three stages: pre-training, fine-tuning inference. probabilistic based pixel identification (Bayesian variant) predicts severity Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) which diagnosed presence visual cues, such as abnormal blood vessels, hard exudates, cotton wool spots. article combines machine learning, deep methods for image processing predict images. input picture validated using Bayesian variant connected component architecture, brightest spot algorithm applied detect Region Interest (ROI). Moreover, training sample calculated optic disc cup are segmented with fundus photography ranges 0 4 VGGNet16 architecture SMOTE DR stages images model ensemble ResNet Efficient Net produces excellent accuracy score 93 % predicted Kappa coefficient (p < 0.01) 0.755 retina dataset.

Language: Английский

Citations

0