Structural basis for odorant recognition of the insect odorant receptor OR-Orco heterocomplex

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 384(6703), P. 1453 - 1460

Published: June 13, 2024

Insects detect and discriminate a diverse array of chemicals using odorant receptors (ORs), which are ligand-gated ion channels comprising divergent odorant-sensing OR conserved receptor co-receptor (Orco). In this work, we report structures the

Language: Английский

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Principles of odor coding in vertebrates and artificial chemosensory systems

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 102(1), P. 61 - 154

Published: July 13, 2021

The biological olfactory system is the sensory responsible for detection of chemical composition environment. Several attempts to mimic systems have led various artificial using different technical approaches. Here we provide a parallel description and their counterparts. We start with presentation input systems, stimuli, treat interface between external world environment where receptor neurons or chemosensors reside. then delineate functions as well overall input-output (I/O) relationships. Up this point, our accounts go along similar lines. next processing steps differ considerably: whereas in biology step following “integration” “processing” neuron outputs bulb, has realizations electronic noses. For long period time, signal stages beyond i.e., higher centers, were little studied. Only recently there been marked growth studies tackling information these centers. In noses, third stage virtually never considered. review, an up-to-date overview current knowledge both fields and, first attempt tie them together. hope it will be breeding ground better information, communication, data exchange very related but so far little-connected fields.

Language: Английский

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Artificial Olfactory Biohybrid System: An Evolving Sense of Smell

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(5)

Published: Dec. 18, 2022

The olfactory system can detect and recognize tens of thousands volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at low concentrations in complex environments. Bioelectronic nose (B-EN), which mimics systems, is becoming an emerging sensing technology for identifying VOCs with sensitivity specificity. B-ENs integrate electronic sensors bioreceptors pattern recognition technologies to enable medical diagnosis, public security, environmental monitoring, food safety. However, there currently no commercially available B-EN on the market. Apart from high selectivity necessary compound analysis, commercial must overcome issues impacting sensor operation other problems associated odor localization. emergence nanotechnology has provided a novel research concept addressing these problems. In this work, structure operational mechanisms biomimetic systems are discussed, emphasis development immobilization materials. Various biosensor applications current developments reviewed. Challenges opportunities fulfilling potential artificial biohybrid fundamental practical investigated greater depth.

Language: Английский

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Olfactory receptor-based biosensors as potential future tools in medical diagnosis

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 116599 - 116599

Published: March 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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Functional Interaction Between Drosophila Olfactory Sensory Neurons and Their Support Cells

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 7, 2022

Insects detect volatile chemicals using antennae, which house a vast variety of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) that innervate hair-like structures called sensilla where odor detection takes place. In addition to OSNs, the antenna also hosts various support cell types. These include triad trichogen, tormogen, and thecogen cells lie adjacent their respective OSNs. The arrangement OSN supporting occurs stereotypically for all is widely conserved in evolution. While insect chemosensory have received considerable attention, little known about functional significance them. For instance, it remains unknown whether play an active role detection, or only passively contribute homeostasis, e.g., by maintaining sensillum lymph composition. To investigate interaction between OSNs cells, we used optical electrophysiological approaches Drosophila. First, characterized distribution genetic markers. By means ex vivo antennal preparation genetically-encoded Ca2+ K+ indicators, then studied activation these auxiliary during presentation adult flies. We observed acute responses distinct differences fluxes Finally, alterations upon ablation mature adults. Upon inducible notice gain mechanical responsiveness stimulations single-sensillum recording, but lack change neuronal resting activity. Taken together, results demonstrate more responsive processing than previously thought. Our observations thus reveal functionally interact with may be important extraordinary ability systems dynamically sensitively discriminate odors turbulent landscape flight.

Language: Английский

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Insight into insect odorant binding proteins: An alternative approach for pest management

Journal of Natural Pesticide Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 100069 - 100069

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Insects have enormous impact on public health as agricultural pests and disease vectors worldwide. Olfaction is the most crucial recognition process that mediates chemical communication in insects. Odorant binding proteins (OBP) are small soluble present sensory organs of insects involved many behavioural contexts, such locating host, mating partners, escaping predators, flight, hygrosensation, immunity identifying oviposition sites. OBPs typically thought to function a molecular carrier bind, solubilize, transport hydrophobic odorant molecules through sensillar fluid protect them from degradation, thus maximizing olfactory system's sensitivity. Due their large structural functional diversity, can be used targets for species, stage sex specific insect pest management. In this review article, we will explore aspects OBP its potential applications Antennal transcriptomics, ligand assay, repellents, pheromone-based disruption, RNA interference (RNAi) genetic modifications effective management tactics pests.

Language: Английский

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Genomic identification and evolutionary analysis of chemosensory receptor gene families in two Phthorimaea pest species: insights into chemical ecology and host adaptation

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: May 18, 2024

Abstract Background Insects rely on sophisticated sensitive chemosensory systems to sense their complex chemical environment. This sensory process involves a combination of odorant receptors (ORs), gustatory (GRs) and ionotropic (IRs) in the system. study focused identification characterization these three types receptor genes two closely related Phthorimaea pest species, operculella (potato tuber moth) absoluta (tomato leaf miner). Results Based manual annotation genome, we identified total 349 chemoreceptor from genome P. , including 93 OR 206 GR 50 IR genes, while for absoluta, 72 122 46 genes. Through phylogenetic analysis, observed minimal differences number ORs IRs between potato moth tomato miner. In addition, found that compared with those miners, branch has undergone large expansion, which may be having narrower host range than . analysis differentially expressed (DEGs) male female antennae, uncovered 45 DEGs (including 32ORs, 9 GRs, 4 IRs). Conclusions Our research provides foundation exploring ecology pests offers new insights into dietary differentiation lepidopteran insects, simultaneously providing molecular targets developing environmentally friendly control methods based insect chemoreception.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of Sensory Receptors

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 353 - 379

Published: July 10, 2024

Sensory receptors are at the interface between an organism and its environment thus represent key sites for biological innovation. Here, we survey major sensory receptor families to uncover emerging evolutionary patterns. Receptors touch, temperature, light constitute part of ancestral toolkit animals, often predating evolution multicellularity nervous system. In contrast, chemoreceptors exhibit a dynamic history lineage-specific expansions contractions correlated with disparate complexity chemical environments. A recurring theme includes independent transitions from neurotransmitter diverse stimuli outside world. We then provide overview mechanisms underlying diversification highlight examples where signatures natural selection used identify novel adaptations. Finally, discuss as hotspots driving reproductive isolation speciation, thereby contributing stunning diversity animals.

Language: Английский

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Olfactory receptor coexpression and co-option in the dengue mosquito

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

The olfactory sensory neurons of vinegar flies and mice tend to express a single ligand-specific receptor. While this ′one neuron-one receptor′ motif has long been expected apply broadly across insects, recent evidence suggests it may not extend mosquitoes. We sequenced analyzed the transcriptomes 46,000 from antennae dengue mosquito Aedes aegypti resolve all olfactory, thermosensory, hygrosensory neuron subtypes identify receptors expressed therein. find that half coexpress multiple receptors. However, coexpression occurs almost exclusively among genes same family—among odorant (ORs) or ionotropic (IRs). Coexpression ORs with IRs is exceedingly rare. Many coexpressed are duplicates. In other cases, recruitment co-option by placed these together in cells distant paralogs. Close examination data Drosophila reveal rare cases both phenomena, indicating systems two species fundamentally different, but instead fall at different locations along continuum likely encompass diverse insects.

Language: Английский

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Enantiomeric Discrimination in Insects: The Role of OBPs and ORs

Insects, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 368 - 368

Published: April 8, 2022

Olfaction is a complex recognition process that critical for chemical communication in insects. Though some insect species are capable of discrimination between compounds structurally similar, little understood about how this high level arises. Some insects rely on discriminating enantiomers compound, demonstrating an ability highly selective recognition. The role two major peripheral olfactory proteins olfaction, i.e., odorant-binding (OBPs) and odorant receptors (ORs) has been extensively studied. OBPs ORs have variable capabilities, with found to display specialized binding capability, whilst others exhibit promiscuous activity. A deeper understanding odorant-protein interactions induce response relies further analysis such as structural studies. In review, we explore the potential specific recognition, specifically enantiomeric discrimination. We summarize state research into OBP OR function focus reported examples literature clear by these proteins.

Language: Английский

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