Mechanisms, detection and impacts of species redistributions under climate change

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(5), P. 351 - 368

Published: April 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Contrasting and altitude‐specific temporal trends in functional, phylogenetic, and species diversity in Austrian butterfly communities

Oikos, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Climate change and anthropogenic alteration of landscapes negatively impact the abundance species diversity plant animal communities worldwide. Much less is known about effects on phylogenetic community functioning. Here we use long‐term butterfly data (1980–2022) from Austrian Alps along an elevation gradient. We assessed how adjust structures functionality to increasing temperatures, these changes are linked trait expression Species decreased at low intermediate altitudes, increased high ones. Functional was lower than expected by a random model altitudes with time high, but not altitudes. Phylogenetic did show significant temporal trends altitude, Multifunctionality significantly correlated functional diversity, diversity. argue that ongoing homogenisation Alpine strongly affects species, The assessment richness alone, as provided common surveys, might give false impression state insect in course climate change. directions faunal heavily depend altitude therefore specific climatic conditions. Higher face decreasing multifunctionality despite due induced altitudinal up‐hill shifts many species. conclude studies series should include besides being focused endangerment. Red lists be extended categories importance distinctness.

Language: Английский

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Butterfly species respond differently to climate warming and land use change in the northern Alps

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 890, P. 164268 - 164268

Published: May 19, 2023

Climate change has a worldwide impact on biodiversity and ecosystem functions, in particular by causing shifts species distributions changes communities. Here, we analyse altitudinal range of 30,604 lowland butterfly burnet moth records from 119 over the past seven decades across federal state Salzburg (northern Austria) spanning an gradient >2500 m. For each species, compiled species-specific traits their ecology, behaviour, life-cycle. During study period, butterflies have shifted average occurrence also lower upper limits >300 m uphill. This shift is particularly obvious for last ten years. Habitat generalist mobile exhibited strongest habitat specialist sedentary weakest shifts. Our results underline that effects climate strong currently increasing patterns distribution local community composition. Hence, confirm observation ubiquistic, with broad ecological amplitude can cope better environmental than species. Furthermore, land use areas might additionally enhanced this up-hill shift.

Language: Английский

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Range and climate niche shifts in European and North American breeding birds

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1902)

Published: April 7, 2024

Species respond dynamically to climate change and exhibit time lags. Consequently, species may not occupy their full climatic niche during range shifting. Here, we assessed tracking recent shifts of European United States (US) birds. Using data from two bird atlases the North American Breeding Bird Survey between 1980s 2010s, analysed overlap based on kernel density estimation. Phylogenetic multiple regression was used assess effect morphological, ecological biogeographic traits metrics. birds shifted ranges north north-eastwards, US westwards. Range unfilling lower than expected by null models, expansion more common unfilling. Also, generally in poorly explained traits. Overall, our results suggest that dispersal limitations were minor shifting Europe USA while delayed extinctions unfavourable areas seem important. Regional differences could be related land use history monitoring schemes. Comparative analyses provide a useful screening approach for identifying importance transient dynamics time-lagged responses change. This article is part theme issue 'Ecological novelty planetary stewardship: biodiversity transforming biosphere'.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review on the potential impact of future climate change on India’s biodiversity using species distribution model (SDM) studies: trends, and data gaps

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(12), P. 3399 - 3415

Published: Feb. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Modeling snowpack dynamics and surface energy budget in boreal and subarctic peatlands and forests

˜The œcryosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 231 - 263

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Abstract. The snowpack has a major influence on the land surface energy budget. Accurate simulation of and radiation budget is challenging due to, e.g., effects vegetation topography, as well limitations in theoretical understanding turbulent transfer stable boundary layer. Studies that evaluate snow, hydrology models against detailed observations all balance components at high latitudes are scarce. In this study, we compared different configurations SURFEX model flux, snow depth soil temperature from four eddy-covariance stations Finland. sites cover two climate conditions, representing southern northern subarctic zones, contrasting forest peatland ecosystems typical for boreal landscape. We tested flux parameterizations implemented Crocus model. addition, examined common alternative approaches to conceptualize vegetation, assessed their performance simulating fluxes, conditions thermal regime. Our results show stability correction function increases exchange under atmospheric imperative simulate sensible heat fluxes over snowpacks realistic peat texture (soil organic content) parameterization greatly improves simulations. For accurate simulations forests, an explicit representation necessary. Moreover, demonstrate sensitivity poorly documented parameter involved fraction computation. Although focused within platform, have broader implications choosing suitable structures depending potential use cases high-latitude modeling.

Language: Английский

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The climatic drivers of long‐term population changes in rainforest montane birds

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(8), P. 2132 - 2140

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Climate-driven biodiversity erosion is escalating at an alarming rate. The pressure imposed by climate change exceptionally high in tropical ecosystems, where species adapted to narrow environmental ranges exhibit strong physiological constraints. Despite the observed detrimental effect of on ecosystems a global scale, our understanding extent which multiple climatic drivers affect population dynamics limited. Here, we disentangle impact different stressors 47 rainforest birds inhabiting mountains Australian Wet Tropics using hierarchical models. We estimate spatiotemporal changes temperature, precipitation, heatwaves, droughts and cyclones between 2000 2016. find warming rainfall patterns across elevational-segregated bird communities, with lowland populations benefiting from increasing temperature while upland show inverse negative response same drivers. Additionally, heatwaves populations, pattern associated distribution these extreme events elevations. In contrast, have marginal suggesting species-specific unrelated elevational gradient. This study demonstrated importance unravelling impacts changes, providing significant insight into mechanisms accelerating climate-induced degradation.

Language: Английский

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Response of plant species to impact of climate change in Hugumbrda Grat-Kahsu forest, Tigray, Ethiopia: Implications for domestication and climate change mitigation

Trees Forests and People, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15, P. 100487 - 100487

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

This study aimed to predict distribution and Total Carbon Stock (TCS) dynamics of Acacia abyssinica, Carissa edulis, Juniperus procera in the Hugumbrda Grat-Kahsu National Forest current (1970-2000) future climate scenarios (2021-2100). Bioclimatic, soil, elevation data were used for modeling using Maxent, with model accuracy evaluated Area Under Curve (AUC), Kappa test True Skill Statistic (TSS). Significant differences observed species between periods under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) SSP2-4.5 SSP5-8.5 scenarios. The main contributing predictors temperature seasonality, altitude, precipitation warmest quarter. All projected shift higher altitudes future. abyssinica's potential (42.9%) could expand 77.1-99.2% (SSP2-4.5) 63.8-72.9% (SSP5-8.5). edulis extend from 54.2% 89.5-100% 77.1-87.9% procera's might increase 63.8% 91.8-99.7% 78-88.1% is expected result an expansion new suitable areas all three species. TCS estimates per km2 169 (Acacia abyssinica), 46 (Carissa edulis), 1381 ton (Juniperus procera). In SSP2-4.5, rise 25,688 59,319 tons, 8,832 16,284 312,106 487,493 tons. SSP5-8.5, projections indicated 43,602 tons 14,306 430,872 concludes by recommending strategic planting these both enhance ecosystem services ensure their sustained existence face changing climates.

Language: Английский

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Three‐Dimensional Morphometrics Reveal Patterns of Unionid Shell Variation Along River Gradients

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Understanding the extent of morphological variation across diverse habitats and species can provide valuable insights into how organisms respond to environmental gradients. We quantified intraspecific unionid mussels assessed it varied in relation genetic differentiation characteristics. Location Mobile Tennessee River Basins, Alabama Tennessee, U.S.A. Taxon Unionid mussels. Methods used innovative three‐dimensional (3D) scanning techniques 3D geometric morphometric analyses, data variables quantify seven freshwater mussel populations its relationship Results Our findings indicate that shell is correlated with four species, generally not related differentiation, improving our understanding mechanisms behind variation. Three closely were more inflated larger watersheds, while a distantly A. plicata , was compressed watersheds. bankfull width significant factor all models, highlighting influence high flow extremes on Main Conclusions suggest factors, particularly characteristics river regimes, are primary drivers mussels, playing less prominent role. Continuing explore trait along gradients will improve ecological implications Assessing ability morphologically adapt change help us understand their resilience.

Language: Английский

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A Non‐Equilibrium Species Distribution Model Reveals Unprecedented Depth of Time Lag Responses to Past Environmental Change Trajectories

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Previous studies have demonstrated legacy effects of current species distributions to past environmental conditions, but the temporal extent such time lag dynamics remains unknown. Here, we developed a non‐equilibrium Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) approach quantifying that must be taken into account capture 95% effect given series conditions has on distribution species. We applied this 92 European forest birds in response trajectories change cover and climate. found SDMs outperformed traditional for Non‐equilibrium suggest unprecedented long‐lasting global changes (average ranged from 9 231 years). This framework can help relax equilibrium hypothesis improve future predictions biodiversity redistribution changes.

Language: Английский

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