Gut Dysbiosis in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Narrative Review on Correlation with Disease Subtypes and Novel Therapeutic Implications

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2369 - 2369

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered habits. It can be subclassified in different subtypes according to the main clinical manifestation: constipation, diarrhea, mixed, unclassified. Over past decade, role of gut microbiota IBS has garnered significant attention scientific community. Emerging research spotlights intricate involvement dysbiosis pathogenesis. Studies have demonstrated reduced microbial diversity stability specific alterations for each disease subgroup. Microbiota-targeted treatments, such as antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal transplantation, even diet, offer exciting prospects managing IBS. However, definitive conclusions are hindered heterogeneity these studies. Further should focus on elucidating mechanisms, developing microbiome-based diagnostics, enabling personalized therapies tailored an individual’s microbiome profile. This review takes deep dive into microscopic world inhabiting our guts, its implications Our aim elucidate complex interplay between subtype, exploring novel microbiota-targeted treatments providing comprehensive overview current state knowledge.

Language: Английский

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Gender-specific insights into the irritable bowel syndrome pathophysiology. Focus on gut dysbiosis and permeability

European Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 125, P. 10 - 18

Published: March 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Chronic Gastrointestinal Disorders and miRNA-Associated Disease: An Up-to-Date

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 413 - 413

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Chronic gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and irritable syndrome (IBS) impose significant health burdens globally. IBDs, encompassing Crohn’s disease ulcerative colitis, are multifactorial characterized by chronic inflammation of the tract. On other hand, IBS is one principal tract functional abdominal pain altered habits. Although precise etiopathogenesis these remains unclear, mounting evidence suggests that non-coding RNA molecules play crucial roles in regulating gene expression associated with inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, tissue permeability, thus influencing progression. miRNAs have emerged possible reliable biomarkers, they can be analyzed biological fluids patients at a low cost. This review explores IBDs IBS, focusing on their involvement control hallmarks. By an extensive literature employing bioinformatics tools, we identified frequently studied concerning diseases. Ultimately, specific could proposed diagnostic biomarkers for IBS. Their ability to secreted into biofluids makes them promising candidates non-invasive tools. Therefore, understanding molecular mechanisms through ways which regulate immune responses provide new insights pathogenesis open avenues miRNA-based therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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The Role and the Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 171 - 171

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis involves multiple factors, including visceral hypersensitivity and immune activation. NLRP3 inflammasome part nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family, crucial component innate system. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that inhibiting reduces sensitivity IBS symptoms, like abdominal pain, diarrhea, suggesting targeting might represent novel therapeutic approach for IBS. This review aims to assess inhibitors (tranilast, β-hydroxybutyrate, Chang-Kang-fang, paeoniflorin, coptisine, BAY 11-7082, Bifidobacterium longum), highlighting signaling pathways, their potential role in symptoms management was assessed. Although premature, knowledge action synthetic small molecules, phytochemicals, organic compounds, probiotics make new target quiver physicians’ choices management.

Language: Английский

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Irritable bowel syndrome remains a complex disorder of gut-brain interaction: Too many actors on stage

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(8)

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

The recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology examines interplay among neuroendocrine axis, gut microbiota, inflammatory markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). By integrating all these factors into a single study, this approach reflects modern concept functional disorders as gut-brain interaction to be approached multiparametric manner, also incorporating non-gastroenterological elements extending evaluations parameters related axis. This invited letter editor summarizes main results aforementioned highlights its approach, including variables not strictly gastroenterological, IBS, discusses strengths limitations.

Language: Английский

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From Inflammasomes to Pyroptosis: Molecular Mechanisms in Chronic Intestinal Diseases — Opportunity or Challenge?

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 3349 - 3360

Published: March 1, 2025

Pyroptosis is a unique form of programmed cell death characterized by intense inflammation. It involves the activation Gasdermin proteins, which membrane pores, leading to rapid rupture and release inflammatory molecules. Unlike other types death, pyroptosis has distinct mechanisms plays complex role in chronic intestinal diseases, including bowel disease, fibrosis, infectious enteritis, colorectal cancer. This review comprehensively examines how influences disease development progression while exploring therapeutic potential targeting pyroptosis-related pathways. Moreover, interplay between gut microbiota summarized, highlighting its critical pathogenesis disorders. A deeper understanding these diseases may provide valuable insights for future research contribute innovative strategies gastroenterology.

Language: Английский

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Lacidophilin tablets relieve irritable bowel syndrome in rats by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 9, 2025

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common clinical functional gastrointestinal disease. It has complex pathophysiological mechanism, in which the imbalance of gut microbiota might play an important role. Lacidophilin tablets (LH) can regulate microbiota, but their effect on IBS unknown. In this study, model was established by acetic acid enema combined with constrained stress method, and rats were fed LH for 2 weeks. significantly reduced visceral sensitivity intestinal propulsion rate improved IBS-induced anxiety depressive behavior rats. elevated expression levels mucin 2, claudin1, occludin, ameliorated structural damage to colonic tissues. The analysis revealed that altered structure composition addition, inflammatory factor-related genes. These results suggest could improve motility disorders rats, relieve depression levels, alleviate symptoms regulating reducing inflammation.

Language: Английский

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The association between the Mediterranean Diet and the prime diet quality score and new-diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome: a matched case-control study

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 12, 2025

Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder with multifactorial etiology. Dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean Diet (Med-Diet) and Prime Quality Score (PDQS), may play role in IBS risk. This study examined association between adherence to Med-Diet PDQS new-diagnosed an Iranian population. Methods A matched case-control was conducted on 170 newly diagnosed patients 340 age- sex-matched controls recruited from outpatient clinics Zanjan, Iran. intake assessed using semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The score were calculated, higher scores indicating better diet quality. Conditional logistic regression used determine odds of across quartiles PDQS, adjusting for sociodemographic clinical factors. Results Higher associated 51% lower (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.30–0.73, P < 0.001) highest quartile compared lowest. Similarly, participants showed significantly 59% 0.41; 0.26–0.51, lowest quartile. Both associations remained significant after potential confounders, total energy intake. These findings highlight relevance dietary quality prevention. Conclusion both inversely Specifically, individuals had risk developing those or scores. suggest these patterns modulating risk, although causal relationships cannot be established this study.

Language: Английский

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HMGB1 derived from macrophages and enteric glial cells contributes to the butyrate-induced colonic hypersensitivity in mice

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177660 - 177660

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Ebastine in combination with low-dose antidepressants for refractory irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

Technology and Health Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Background Drug treatment of refractory irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is not satisfactory at present. This study investigated the clinical effects ebastine combined with low-dose antidepressants on IBS. Methods A total 105 patients IBS were randomly assigned to two different groups after signing informed consent. And they didn't know about group in. They administered (Group A) or flupentixol and melitracen B) for 4 weeks. efficacy was evaluated using scales before treatment. In addition, serum D-lactate (D-LAC) human intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) level measured assess permeability. Results Significant improvements observed in Quality Life (IBS-QOL) score, Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) sleep quality score. Patients Group showed no anxiety (44.83 ± 9.62 vs. 43.92 10.43, P = 0.415) depression (39.08 9.34 38.75 9.35, 0.674) compared baseline level, while those B improved significantly (52.12 8.19 39.28 9.88) (47.64 9.53 38.24 9.41) status. After treatment, levels D-LAC I-FABP lower than A. Conclusion Refractory certain psychological abnormalities. Ebastine exhibited more obvious benefits QOL, quality, SSS, significant status permeability patients.

Language: Английский

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