Redefining Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease DOI Open Access

Laura Peña-Zelayeta,

Karen M. Delgado-Minjares, Marcos M. Villegas-Rojas

et al.

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 172 - 172

Published: April 26, 2025

Parkinson’s disease involves widespread neurodegeneration that extends far beyond the basal ganglia, giving rise to a diverse range of non-motor symptoms frequently emerge before motor onset. These include autonomic dysfunction, cognitive decline, neuropsychiatric disturbances, sleep-related disorders, and sensory deficits. Here, we synthesize current evidence on anatomical, neurochemical, network-level mechanisms drive these symptoms, examine how they shape progression clinical heterogeneity. We highlight limitations dopamine-centric models advocate for framework treats as disorder’s primary, mechanistically distinct features. also discuss emerging technologies—such multi-omic profiling, artificial intelligence, network neuroscience—enable earlier identification, stratification phenotypes, development precision-based therapeutic strategies. Recognizing central redefines disorder should be diagnosed, studied, treated.

Language: Английский

Redefining Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease DOI Open Access

Laura Peña-Zelayeta,

Karen M. Delgado-Minjares, Marcos M. Villegas-Rojas

et al.

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 172 - 172

Published: April 26, 2025

Parkinson’s disease involves widespread neurodegeneration that extends far beyond the basal ganglia, giving rise to a diverse range of non-motor symptoms frequently emerge before motor onset. These include autonomic dysfunction, cognitive decline, neuropsychiatric disturbances, sleep-related disorders, and sensory deficits. Here, we synthesize current evidence on anatomical, neurochemical, network-level mechanisms drive these symptoms, examine how they shape progression clinical heterogeneity. We highlight limitations dopamine-centric models advocate for framework treats as disorder’s primary, mechanistically distinct features. also discuss emerging technologies—such multi-omic profiling, artificial intelligence, network neuroscience—enable earlier identification, stratification phenotypes, development precision-based therapeutic strategies. Recognizing central redefines disorder should be diagnosed, studied, treated.

Language: Английский

Citations

0