Genomic epidemiology and evolutionary analysis during XBB.1.16-predominant periods of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant in Bangkok, Thailand: December 2022–August 2023

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Abstract The growing occurrence of novel recombinants, such as XBB.1.16, has emerged and become predominant, raising concerns about the impact genomic recombination on evolution severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study investigated molecular epidemiological trends Omicron XBB.1.16 epidemic in Bangkok between December 2022 August 2023. Partial spike complete genome sequencing SARS-CoV-2 samples collected from collaborating hospitals were performed. analysis 491 partial sequences identified 15 distinct lineages, with dominating lineages beginning March Phylogenetic revealed at least four suggesting multiple independent introductions into Bangkok. estimated emergence occurred approximately January 2022, an evolutionary rate 0.79 × 10 –3 substitutions per site year. Monitoring epidemiology is vital for early detection new strains or emerging variants, which may guide vaccine design inclusion strains.

Language: Английский

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Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid total Ig, anti-RBD IgG antibodies, and infection in Thailand: a cross-sectional survey from October 2022 to January 2023

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Abstract Seroprevalence studies on SARS-CoV-2 are essential for estimating actual prevalence rates of infection and vaccination in communities. This study evaluated based total anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin (N) and/or history. We determined the seroprevalence anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies across age groups. A cross-sectional was conducted Chonburi province, Thailand, between October 2022 January 2023. Participants included newborns to adults aged up 80 years. All serum samples were tested anti-N Ig anti-RBD IgG. The interviewer-administered questionnaires queried information history records. Of 1459 participants enrolled from population, ~ 72.4% infected. number infections higher children < 5 years, with evidence decreasing significantly increasing age. There no significant differences sex or occupation. Overall, 97.4% had an immune response against SARS-CoV-2. IgG rate lower younger vaccinated individuals slightly increased 100% seropositivity at ages > 60 Our findings will help predict exact Thai population. Furthermore, this is public health decision-making development strategies.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 infection- induced seroprevalence among children and associated risk factors during the pre- and omicron-dominant wave, from January 2021 through December 2022, Thailand: A longitudinal study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. e0279147 - e0279147

Published: April 27, 2023

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can be asymptomatic in young children. Therefore, the true rate of is likely underestimated. Few data are available on infections children, and studies SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among children during omicron wave limited. We assessed infection-induced estimated associated risk factors for seropositivity. Methods A longitudinal serological survey was conducted from January 2021 through December 2022. The inclusion criteria were healthy between 5 7 years old their parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent. Samples tested anti-nucleocapsid (N) IgG anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA), total anti-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig) detected an electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA). vaccination history collected. Results In all, 457 serum samples obtained 241 annually followed-up this survey. Of these, 201 participants at two serial time points—during pre-omicron omicron-dominant wave. Overall, induced by increased 9.1% (22/241) to 48.8% (98/201) Amongst seropositive individuals, seropositivity lower vaccinated with doses BNT162b2 than unvaccinated (26.4% vs. 56%; OR, 0.28; 95%CI: 0.14–0.58). Nevertheless, ratio cases per recalled 1.63 dominant overall infection, vaccination, hybrid immunity 77.1% (155/201) Conclusions report increase These findings highlight that help determine particularly optimize public health policies vaccine strategies pediatric population.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater monitoring in tourist cities as potential sentinel sites for near real-time dynamics of imported SARS-CoV-2 variants

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 860, P. 160317 - 160317

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) complements the clinical surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants' distribution in populations. Many developed nations have established national regional WBE systems; however, governance budget constraints could be obstacles for low- middle-income countries. An urgent need thus exists to identify hotspots serve as sentinel sites WBE. We hypothesized that representative wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) two international gateway cities, Bangkok Phuket, Thailand, sentineled SARS-CoV-2 variants reflect patterns at city level early indicators new entering country. Municipal samples (n = 132) were collected from eight municipal WWTPs Phuket during 19 sampling events October 2021 March 2022, which tested by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using US CDC N1 N2 multiplex variant (Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1 BA.2) singleplex assays. The detection ratios followed similar trends testing data, each variant's viral loads agreed with daily cases (3-d moving average). was detected prior Bangkok, possibly due Phuket's serving tourist communities. found BA.2 predominantly drove resurgence. also noted a shifting pattern 22-d warning near real-time late 2021. potential application indicate arrival re-emerging or unprecedented infectious agents support tourism-dependent economies complementing reduced regulations while maintaining public health protection via surveillance.

Language: Английский

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Persistence of immunity against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants following homologous and heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccines in healthy adults after a two-dose AZD1222 vaccination

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 793 - 801

Published: July 19, 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant presents numerous mutations potentially able to evade neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) elicited by COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, this study aimed provide evidence on a heterologous booster strategy overcome the waning immunity against variants.

Language: Английский

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Outcomes of Home Isolation Care Among COVID-19 Patients During the 2021 Epidemic Crisis in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand

American Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e1 - e12

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Objectives. To determine the overall mortality and risk factors of COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Home Isolation (HI) program in Bangkok, Thailand, during epidemic crisis 2021. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from government telehealth application July December The vital status was verified database on September 20, 2022. used survival analysis analyze 28-day independently associated factors. Results. Of 90 854 reported cases, average age 37.27 years, half men. Initial symptoms included being asymptomatic (51.66%), having mild (35.60%), or experiencing severe requiring nonurgent (11.27%) urgent referral (1.47%). rate 0.80%. Factors with older age, male gender, higher body mass index, severity initial symptoms, time admission. Conclusions. able manage high volume patients, including exceeding its design. Thailand’s remained relatively low compared other countries. Proactive bed surge planning continuous plan improvement crucial for future preparedness. ( Am J Public Health. Published online ahead print January 30, 2025:e1–e12. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307922 )

Language: Английский

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Temporal correlations between RBD-ACE2 blocking and binding antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants in CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals and their persistence in COVID-19 patients

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 6, 2025

Abstract Antibodies play a crucial role in protection against SARS-CoV-2. Understanding the correlation between binding and functional antibodies is essential to determine whether antibody levels can reliably predict neutralizing activity. We assessed responses 111 individuals vaccinated with inactivated vaccine CoronaVac COVID-19 patients Thailand. Plasma of ACE2-blocking targeting receptor-binding domain (RBD) SARS-Co-V2 variants were measured before vaccination at 14 28 days after second dose using multiplex surrogate virus neutralization test. Anti-spike anti-nucleocapsid quantified by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, anti-RBD IgG ELISA. After vaccination, blocking, anti-spike, increased but declined rapidly within month, whereas persisted. Blocking anti-spike correlated day post-vaccination not 28. In patients, correlations moderate 14, stronger Correlations weaker for Omicron subvariants than ancestral strain non-Omicron variants. The weak blocking suggests might These findings highlight temporal nature CoronaVac-induced immunity need booster doses variant-adapted vaccine.

Language: Английский

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Infection kinetics, syncytia formation, and inflammatory biomarkers as predictive indicators for the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Calu-3 cells

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. e0301330 - e0301330

Published: April 3, 2024

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants as a result continued host-virus interaction and viral genome mutations. These have been associated with varying levels transmissibility disease severity. We investigated phenotypic profiles six (WT, D614G, Alpha, Beta, Delta, Omicron) in Calu-3 cells, human lung epithelial cell line. In our model demonstrated that all variants, except for Omicron, had higher efficiency virus entry compared wild-type. Delta variant greatest advantage terms early infection kinetics marked syncytia formation, which could facilitate cell-to-cell spreading, while Omicron displayed slower replication fewer formation. also identified strongest inducer inflammatory biomarkers, including pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (IP-10/CXCL10, TNF-α, IL-6), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1RA), growth factors (FGF-2 VEGF-A), these mediators were not significantly elevated infection. findings are consistent observations there was generally more pronounced response angiogenesis activity within lungs patients well severe symptoms mortality rate during wave, less lower observed current wave Thailand. Our suggest infectivity kinetics, enhanced specific mediator production may serve predictive indicators virulence potential future variants.

Language: Английский

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Associations between clinical data, vaccination status, antibody responses, and post-COVID-19 symptoms in Thais infected with SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants: a 1-year follow-up study

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes disease 2019 (COVID-19), led to a global pandemic from 2020. In Thailand, five waves of outbreaks were recorded, with the fourth and fifth driven by Delta Omicron variants, resulting in over 20,000 new confirmed cases daily at their peaks.

Language: Английский

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Predicting SARS-CoV-2 infection among hemodialysis patients using multimodal data

Frontiers in Nephrology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: June 2, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created more devastation among dialysis patients than the general population. Patient-level prediction models for severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are crucial early identification of to prevent and mitigate outbreaks within clinics. As COVID-19 evolves, it is unclear whether or not previously built still sufficiently effective.

Language: Английский

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